中考宾语从句+定语从句教学案

1、中考宾语从句+定语从句教学案宾语从句定义由整个句子充当成分。例子：Hethinksthatheisthemosthandsomeintheworld.引导词1 .常见句型引导词宾语从句引导词是否可以省略是否作成分例句陈述句Wecansee(that)hefeelsblue.一般疑问句Idon'tknowwhetherheacceptsmygift.特殊疑问句Ireallydon'tknwwyherefusesit.2 .if与whether的区别口诀：例子：Hermooddependsontheweatherisgood.Shehasn'decidedtogotoCan

2、ada.TheboyasksIheardanynoisefromoutsideornot.Letmeknowyouloveme.Wearediscussingwewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.语序1 .一般情况：语序句型转换：Joesays“Iamlisteningtomusic.”Joesays.Iask“Doessheworkintheoffice?"Iask.Sheasksme"WhatdidJoedo?”Sheasksme.2 .特殊情况：特殊疑问词作,语序句型转换："What'swrongwithher?Whatd

3、idsheexperience?Iask类似句型：时态口诀：判断正误：Hesayssheisright.()Hesaidsheisright.()Hesaidtheearthmovedaroundthesun.Hesaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.CouldyoutellmehowIcouldgothere?CouldyoutellmehowIcangothere?Hesaysshewasright.()Hesaidshewasright.()()()()()定语从句定义修饰某一或的句子叫作定语从句。例子：Heisafamousmanwho/thathastwodau

4、ghters.定语从句三要素1 .先行词：被修饰的或。2 .先行词在从句中充当的成分3 .关系词：包括关系代词（充当）等和关系副词（充当）等,关系词由先行词在从句中充当的成分决定。关系代词1 .关系代词表先行词关系代词充当的成分能否省略例句1.Heisarichmanwho/thatisold.1. Heisafather(whom/that/who)hisdaughterslove.2. HeisamantowhomIspokejustnow.1.Thisistheplacewhich/thatisgreat.1. Thisistheplace(which/that)Ivisit.2. Th

5、isisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks.1. Thisistheteacherwhoseclassisboring.2. Thisistheplacewhosebeautyattractsvisitors.2 .定语从句中关系词用that不用which的情况:只用that不用which解释例句多少Wehaven'tgotmuch(that)wecanofferyou.不定代词Anythingthatisneededhasbeenbought.一Heistheonlyman(that)Iknow.恰Heistheverymanthathelpedme.人物I

6、talkabouttheteachersandplaces(that)Iknow.最It'sthebestbook(that)Ihaveeverread.序It'sthefirstbookthat)Iread.关系副词先行词关系副词充当的成分例句Ienjoythetimewhenweweretogether.It'sthefactoryvheremyfatherworks.Iknowthereasonwhyhelosesthegame.非限制性定语从句1 .定义：起补充说明作用，是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常隔开。2 .关系词：非限制性

7、定语从句关系词用法与限制性定语从句基本一致，但是不用于非限制性定语从句。3 .as引导的非限制性定语从句：as指代句子，位置灵活，常见句式有(众所周知)；(正如上文提到的)等，as常翻译为。易错点总结1 .不用that的情况：前有;句中有;先行词为时。例子：Thisisthehouseinwelivedlastyear.PleasetellmefromyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.Ourguide,wasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.Thoseworkhardneverwastetime.2 .关系副词=+(表达范围更大)例子：I

8、stillrememberthedayonwhich(=)IwenttoBeijing.Thefactoryinwhich(=)Iworkisalargeone.Thisisthereasonforwhich(=)hewaslateforschool.3 .关系代词与关系副词：由决定例子：Istillrememberthetimewehadapicnicintheforest.Istillrememberthetimewespenttogether.一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1 .阅读理解Iwascute,activeandhappyuntilthatdaywhenIwas15monthso

9、ld.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.Thedoctorsaidthatiftheeyewastakenout,myfacewouldlookworse,somyscaredandblindeyelivesonwithme.Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme.Whenthekidsplayedgames,Iwasalwaysthe"badguy".Everyonel

10、ookeddownonme.YeteverytimemomnoticedIwasunhappy,shewouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ithelpedmemoveoninlife.Asachild,Ithoughtmommeant:"Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorknockintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Ialwayslookeddowntohidemyshame,butIfoundthatpeo

11、plelikedmewhenIheldmyheaduphigh.InhighschoolIwasevenmademonitor,butoutsideIstillfeltlikeafreak(怪物).AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad,Iwouldcrytomymomandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethelovethatisinside."Mom&

12、#39;slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣赏)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.(1) Whathappenedtothewriterwhenshewas15monthsold?A.Shewasblindinbotheyes.B.Shetriedtocatcharabbitandbrokeherleg.C.Shehadaneyediseaseandwenttoseethedoctor.D.Shefelldownons

13、omeglassandinjuredoneeye.(2) Peopleweretothewriterwhenshewasyoung.A.unfriendlyB.patientC.helpfulD.polite(3) WhichofthefollowingaboutthewriterisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Shecouldunderstandhermother'swordswhenshewasachild.B.Shealwaysheldherheaduphighwhenshewasateenager.C.Shewasconfidentbothincla

14、ssandoutsideofhighschool.D.Hermomgaveherconfidenceandfinallyshecouldlookotherpeopleintheeye.(4) Inthepassage,thewriterwantstotellusweshouldA.repayourparents'loveB.learntoacceptandappreciateourselvesC.feelsorryaboutourdisadvantagesD.alwayshavedeeploveforothers【答案】(1)D(2) A(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者

15、失明后，妈妈一直鼓励自己要抬起头面对世界，这给作者很大的自信，妈妈的爱让作者知道不仅要欣赏自己，而且也要深爱别人。(1) 细节题。根据whenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.可知作者15个月大时，作者跌倒在玻璃上，以至于眼睛失明了，故选D。(2) 细节题。根据Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme可知人们问作者眼睛的问题，并且嘲笑作者，可知人们对作者是不友好

16、的，故选Ao(3)细节题。根据Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.可知妈妈的爱给了作者信心，并且能用眼睛看人，故选D。(4)细节题。根据Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣赏)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.可知我们应该欣赏并且接受自己，故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。2.阅读理解"Everythinghappensforthebest,"mymothersaidwhenever

17、thingsweren'tgoingmyway."Don'tworry,onedayyourluckwillchange."Motherwasright,asIdiscoveredafterIhadfinishedmycollegeeducation.Ihaddecidedtotryforajobinradio.Oneday,Iwantedtohost(主持)asportsprogram.IwenttoChicagoandknockedonthedoorofeverystation.ButIgotturneddowneverytime.Inonestatio

18、n,akindladysaidmyproblemwasthatIhadn'tgotenoughexperience."Getsomeworkwithasmallstationandworkyourwayup,"shesaid.Iwentbackhome.Icouldn'tgetajobthere,either.Thenmydadtoldmeabusinessmanhadopenedastoreandneededsomeonetohelphim.Butagain,Ididn'tgetthejob.Ifeltreallydown."Yourlu

19、ckwillchange,"momsaidtome.Dadlentmethecartohelpmetolookformyjob.ItriedanotherradiostationinIowa.Buttheowner,aniceman,toldmehehadalreadyhadsomeone.AsIlefthisoffice,Iasked,"Howcansomeonebeasportsannouncer(播音员)ifhecan'tgetajobinaradiostation?"IwaswaitingfortheliftwhenIheardthemancall

20、."Whatdidyoumean?Doyouknowanythingaboutfootball?"HeputmeinfrontofamicrophoneandaskedmetotrytoimaginethatIwasgivingmyopiniononafootballgame,Isucceeded.Onmywayhome,mom'swordscamebacktome,"Onedayyourluckwillchange,son.Andwhenithappens,it'llfeeldoubly(力口倍的)goodbecauseofallthehardw

21、orkyou'vehad."AtthatmomentIknewwhatjustshemeant.11)Whydidn'tthewritergetthejobinChicago?A.Becausehewastooyoung.B.Becausehedidn'tgetcollegeeducation.C.Becausehe'sgotagood-lookingperson.D.Becausehehadn'tgotenoughexperience.(2) Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothearticle?A.

22、Youjustneedtowaitforsometime,thenluckwillcome.B. Luckwillcomeifyoutryyourbesttodoeverything.C. It'simportantforyoutowaitforluck.D. Youshouldtrustyourmother.(3) Theunderlinedsentence"ButIgotturneddowneverytime."means"".A.ButIwasrefusedeverytimeB.ButIwassuccessfuleverytimeC.But

23、IlostmywayeverytimeD.Butthedoorofeverystationwasalwaysclosed(4) What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Mother'sWordsB.EverythingHappensfortheBestC.NoOneisAlwaysLuckyD.ToFindaJobinRadioisDifficult【答案】(1)D(2) B(3) A(4) B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章通过母亲的话和作者的亲身经历得出一个结论，通过努力一切都会变好。(1) 细节理解题。根据原句Inonestation,akind

24、ladysaidmyproblemwasthatIhadn'tgotenoughexperience.在一个电台，一位善良的女士说我的问题是wi没有足够的经验。故选Do(2) 细节理解题。根据"Everythinghappensforthebest,"mymothersaidwheneverthingsweren'tgoingmyway."Don'tworry,onedayyourluckwillchange."Motherwasright,可知妈妈的观点是一切都会好的，不用担心，有一天你的运气会改变。母亲的意思是通过努力好运一定

25、回来，故选Bo(3)句义理解题。根据三四五自然段可知作者每次都被拒绝了，turndown:拒绝，和refuse意思相近，故选A。(4)主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章围绕第一句话Everythinghappensforthebest,展开，通过自己的真实经历得出结论Andwhenithappens,it'llfeeldoubly(加倍的)goodbecauseofallthehardworkyou'vehad."可知主旨大意是一切都会好的，故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先阅读全文，掌握大意，然后根据每个问题在文章中找到依据，锁定正确答案。3.根据表格所提供的信息选

26、择最佳答案。TheVolunteersfortheIceandSnowFestivalNametem1hJackArjDuYue零遥MikeeZhangNaAge25283128NationalityAmericanChineseEnglishChineseJobPersonalityCoachFriendlyNurseQuietSingerHumorousTourguideOutgoingVolunteeringexperience(s)HelpingduringtheCityAtFestivalin2016Volunteeringatananimalhospitalin2013and201

27、5TeachingchildrenmusicatschoolinthecountrysideWorkingatananimalcarecentretwiceWordBox:item项目；personality性格(1) JackhelpedduringtheCityArtFestival.A.in2013B.in2015C.in2016(2) MikeisZhangNa.A.threeyearsolderthanB.asoldasC.threeyearsyoungerthan(3) DuYueandZhangNa_.A. havesimilarvolunteeringexperiencesB.

28、 comefromdifferentcountriesC. havethesamepersonality(4) IfsomeoneishurtduringtheIceandSnowFestival,maybethemostsuitabletohelp.A.JackB.DuYueC.Mike(5) WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheform(表格)above?A. Mikewhotaughtchildrenmusicishumorous.B. ThetwogirlsvolunteeredattheOlympics.C. JackfromEnglandi

29、satourguide.【答案】(1)C(2) A(3) A(4) B(5) A【解析】【分析】主要讲了冰雪节的一些志愿者信息。(1)细节题。根据Jack这一竖排中HelpingduringtheCityArtFestivalin2016,可知在2016年帮助常识艺术家，故选C。(2)细节题。根据Age这一横排中可知Mike年龄是31岁，ZhangNa年龄是28岁，Mike比ZhangNa大3岁,故选Ao(3)细节题。根据Volunteeringexperience(s)这一横排中可知DuYue和ZhangNa可知她们都在宠物医院工作过，所以她们有相似的工作经验，故选Ao(4)细节题。根据Jo

30、b这一栏可知DuYue工作是护士，所以在冰雪节有人受伤时她可以帮助，故选B。(5)细节题。根据Mike这一竖排Teachingchildrenmusicatschoolinthecountryside和Humorous可知Mike在学校教孩子音乐，并且性格是幽默的，故选Ao【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。4.阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、CD四个选项中选出最佳选项。ByAnnaMatteo28January,2019A3-year-oldboywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.Bu

31、tCaseyHathawaytoldhisrescuers(救援者)thathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22whileplayingwithfriendsnearhisgrandmother'shouseinNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedbutCaseydidnot,thefamilysearchedtheareaforalmostanhourbeforecallin

32、gthepolice.Policeformedasearchteamtolookfortheyoungboyinthenearbywoods.ButtwodayswentbyandnoCasey.ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingheheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:30thatnight.Hewasingoodhealth.Caseytoldtherescuershehadhungoutwithablackbe

33、arfortwodays,abearhecalledhis"friend".ThepoliceofficerChipHughesspokewithreportersfromseveralnewsagencies.HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhecouldsurviveinthewoodsfortwodaysinthecold,rainyweather."However,"thepoliceofficersaid,"hedidsayhehadafriendinthewoodsthatwasabearwithhim."H

34、undredsofpeoplehelpedinthesearchandrescueefforts,includingsome600volunteers,policeandmembersofthearmy.DoctorsatthemedicalcentergaveCaseysomeexamination.HewasthensenttohisfamilyonJanuary25.Hismothertalkedwithreportersandthankedeveryonewhojoinedthesearchforherson."Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe&

35、#39;reverythankfulthatyoutookthetimeouttosearchforCasey,"saidhismother."HeisupandtalkingHe'salreadyaskedtowatchcartoons."(1) WhostayedwithCaseyinthewoodsduringthetwodays?A.Abear.B.Thepolice.C.Hismother.D.Thevolunteers.(2) Theunderlinedword"survive"inParagraph6probablymea

36、ns"".A.giveupB.getlostC.fallasleepD.remainalive(3) Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?a. Someoneheardachildcrying.b. ThefamilystartedtolookforCasey.c. Caseyplayedwithhisfriends.d. ThepolicefoundCaseywasingoodhealth.A.b-c-a-dB.b-c-d-aC.c-b-a-dD.c-b-d-a(4) AfterCaseywassentbackhome,hewa

37、s.A.scaredB.nervousC.relaxedD.surprised【答案】(1)A(2) D(3) C(4) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了三岁的孩子CaseyHathaway在丢失之后的神奇的经历。他跟一只大熊游逛了两天。(1)细节理解题，根据Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.可知他跟一只熊在一起，故答案是A。,这些都是小男孩Do(2)词义猜测题题，小男孩丢失了，根据inthewoodsfortwodaysinthecold,rainyweather在森林里遇到的恶劣生存条件，小男孩最后安全回家，可推测该单词的意思是生存，故答案是(3)细节排除题，根

38、据文章内容可知，孩子跟朋友在一起玩，即c,没有回来，家人就开始找他，即b。然后就有人听到了孩子的哭喊声即a,最后警察发现他状况很好，即d,句子顺序应该是c-b-a-d,故答案是C。(4)细节理解题，根据HeisupandtalkingHe'salreadyaskedtowatchcartoons,可知说明孩子没有问题，很放松，故答案是Q【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，猜疑猜测题和细节排序题，细节理解题和细节排序题相对简单，可知直接从文中找到答案，猜疑猜测题则需要结合具体语境去推测单词的意思。(5) 读理解IwastravellingalonethroughtheUK.To

39、reachplacesthatwereoffthepublictransportationmap,Iboughtanoldcar,whichcostmostofmymoney.Icouldn'taffordtostayinahotel,soIhadtocampinmycarfortherestofthetrip.OnemorningIwokeupinmyoldcaronacountryroadinIrelandandsawasinglehouse,Thewaterinmythermos(保温瓶)hadgonecold,soIknockedonthedoorofthehouse.Awomanopenedit.Iaskedherforsomehotwater.Butshewouldn'tletmegetawaywithjustthat!Iwasinvitedindoors.Sheaskedmetositatthetableandhavebreakfastwithherfamily.TheyfilledmythermosbeforeIleft.Iwasgreatlymoved.AndIdecidedtopassthekindnesson.TheotherdayImetayoungmanwhohadbeendrivingaroundtoloo