职称英语理工类C级-51_真题-无答案

1、职称英语理工类 C级-51（总分100,考试时间90分钟）第1部分：词汇选项下面每个句子中均由1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意思最接近的选项。1. The rules are too rigid to allow for huma n error.A. in flexibleB.gen eralC. complexD. direct2. This species has n early died out because its habitat is being destroyed.A. turned deadB.passed byC. carried away D. beco

2、me ext inct3. The con tract betwee n the *pa nies will expire soon.A. shorte nB.endC. startD. resume4. Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.A. argueB.claimC. wishD. compete5. The methods of com muni cati on used duri ng the war were primitive.A. simpleB.reliableC. effectiv

3、eD. alter native6. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.A. moralB.regularC. fun dame ntalD. hard7. The drinking water has became contaminated with lead.A. pollutedB.treatedC. testedD. corrupted8. Come out, or ni bust the door down.A. shutB. setC.breakD. beat9. She shed a few tears at

4、her daughter's weddi ng.A. wipedB. injectedC.producedD. removed10. They did n't seem to appreciate the magn itude of the problem.A. existe neeB.importa neeC. causeD. situatio n11. The tower remai ns in tact ever after two hun dred years.A. unknownB.12. Ma nyexperts rema in skeptical about hi

5、sclaims.A. doubtfulBun touchedC. certa inD. sile nt13. The proposal was endorsedthe majority ofmembers.A. rejectedBsubmittedC. con sideredD. approved14. Rumorsbegan to circulateabout his financialproblems.A. sendBspreadC. hearD. con firmunu sualC. un damagedD. un stable15. The police will need to ke

6、ep a wary eye on this area of town.A. nakedB.cautiousC. bli ndD. private第2部分：阅读判断Califor nia Gives Gree n Light to Space Solar PowerEn ergy beamed dow n from space is one step closer to reality, now that Califor nia has give n the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electr

7、ic Company buy 200 megawatt （兆瓦）of power beamed dow n from solar-power satellites beg inning in 2016. But some major challe nges will have to be *ed if the tech no logy is to be used widely.A start-up company called Solaren is designing the satellites, which it says will use radio waves to beam en e

8、rgy dow n to a receivi ng stati on on Earth.The attracti on of collecti ng solar power in space is the almost unin terrupted sunshine available in eosynchronous （与地球同步的 ）orbit. Earth-based solar cells, by contrast, can only collect sun light during daytime and when skies are clear.But space-based so

9、lar power must grapple （努力克服）with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space, says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, "If you're talking about it being economically viable or power of the Earth, it's a tough go." he says.Cal Boerma n, S

10、olare n's director of en ergy services, says *pa ny desig ned its satellites with a view to keep ing launch costs dow n. "We knew we had to come up with a differe nt, revolutio nary desig n, ” he says. A pate nt *pa ny has won describes ways to reduce the system's weight, in cludi ng us

11、ing in flatable minors to focus sun light on solar cells, so a smaller nu mber can collect the same amount of en ergy.But using minors introduces other challenges, including keeping the solar cells from overheat ing, says Schwartz. "You have to take care of heat dissipatio n（ 散发）because you'

12、;re now concen trati ng a lot of en ergy in one place," he says. Accord ing to *pa ny's pate nt, Solare n's solarcells will be conn ected to radiators to help keep them cool.Though Boerman says *pany believes it can make space-based solar power work, it is not expecting to crowd out oth

13、er forms of renewable energy. Laws in California and other states requirei ncreas ing use of ren ewable en ergy in coming years, he poi nts out. "To meet those n eeds,we're going to n eed all types of ren ewable en ergy sources," he says.16. Solar-power satellites will use radio waves

14、to beam energy down from space.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mention ed17. Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power satellites.A. RightB.WrongC. Not men ti oned18. Space-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear.A.RightB. WrongC.Not mention ed19. One advantage of space-based so

15、lar power system is that it is economical.A.RightB. WrongC.Not mention ed20. Inflatable minors are used to reduce the space-based solar power system.A.RightB. WrongC.Not mention ed21. Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy sources.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mention ed22. Ma

16、ny countries will grant permission for the use of spaced-based solar power soon.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mention ed第3部分：概括大意与完成句子The IPad1. The iPad is a *puter （平板电脑）designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals （期干刊）,m

17、ovies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds （680 grams）, its size and weight are betwee n those of most con temporary smartph ones and *puters. Apple released the IPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.2. The iPad runs the same operating system as i

18、Pod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its on li ne store.3. Like iPh one and iPod Touch, the iPad is con trolled by a multitouch display-a break from most previ

19、ous *puters, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus （ 触控笔）.The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data conn ecti on to browse （浏览）the Intern et, load and stream media, and in stall software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data n etworks. The devices is man aged and sy

20、n chro ni zed （同步）by iTunes on a *puter via USB cable.4. An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way *m uni cate. Some of these are how to use social n etwork in

21、g sites and other on li ne opti ons. One of the *mon uses is for e-mail services, ipand applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoptionof specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.5. While the iPad is mostly used by con sumers it also has bee n tak

22、e n up by bus in ess users. *pa nies are adopti ng iPads in their bus in ess offices by distribut ing or making available iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers app

23、roving employee requests. A survey by Frost Sulliva n shows that iPad usage in workplaces is lin ked to the goals of in creased employees productivity, reduced paperwork, and in creased revenue.23. Paragraph 2. A. Online stores B. Differe nces from iPho neC. Display and dataconn ecti on D. Busin ess

24、 usage E. Features and applicati ons F. Operati ng system24. Paragraph3.25. Paragraph4.26. Paragraph5.27. In April 2010 the iPad developed by Apple was. A. modifiedB. increasedC. pers on alized D. browsedE. distributedF. released28. The iPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not.29. iPad a

25、pplicati ons en able the own er's email acco unts to be.30. iPad usage in offices en ables employee productivity to be.第4部分：阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题第一篇Forecasti ng MethodsThere are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method forecaster chooses depends upon the e

26、xperience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or con fide nce n eeded in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persiste nce method; the simplest way of produci ng a

27、 forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persiste nce method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two in ches of rain fell today, the persiste nce method would

28、predict two in ches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather con diti ons cha nge sig ni fica ntly from day to day, the persiste nce method usually breaks dow n and is not the best forecasti ng method to use.The trends method in volves determ ining the speed and direct ion of moveme nt for fron ts,

29、 high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day,

30、 suing the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4,days. The trends method works well whe n systems continue to move at the same speed in the same directio n for a long period of time. If they slow dow n, speed up, cha nge inten sity, or cha nge direct ion, the trends forecast

31、 will probably not work as well.The climatology method is ano ther simple way of produci ng a forecast. This method in volvesaveragi ng weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City

32、on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, t

33、he climatology method will often fail.The analog method is a slightly *plicated method of producing a forecast. It involves exam ining today's forecast seen ario and rememberi ng a day in the past whe n the weather seen ario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the

34、weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The an alog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. V arious weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations they were in the previous time. Even small differences betw

35、een the current time and the an alog can lead to very differe nt results.31. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?A. Necessaryamount of in formati on.B. Degree of difficulty in volved in forecasti ng.C. Practical kno wledgeof the forecaster. D. Creativity of the f

36、orecaster.32. The persiste nee method fails to work well whe n .A. it israinyB. it is sunny C. weather conditions changegreatlyD. weather con diti ons stay stable33. The trends method works well whe n.A. weather features are defi ned well eno ughB.predict ions on precipitati on are accurate C. weath

37、er features are con sta nt for a long period of time D. the speed and direct ion of moveme nt are predictable34. The analog method should not be used in making a weather forecast when .A. thecurre nt weather seen ario is differe nt from the an alog B. the an alog *plicated C. the an alog is more tha

38、 n 10 years old D. the curre nt weather seen ario is exactly the same as the an alog35. Historical weather data are necessary in .A. the climatology method and the analogmethod B. the persistenee method and the trends method C. the trends method and the climatology method D. the persiste nee method

39、and the an alog method第-二二篇The Icema nOn a September, day in 1991, two Germa ns were climbi ng the mou ntain betwee n Austria andItaly. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually perma nent, but 1991 ha

40、d bee n an especially warm year. The moun ta in ice had melted more tha n usual and so the body *e to the surface.It was lying face dow nward. The skelet on ( 骨架)was in perfect con diti on except a wound on the head. There are still on the bones and rema ins of some clothes. The hands were still hol

41、di ng the woode n han dle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearbywas a pair of gloves made of tree bark （树皮）and a holder for arrows.Who was the man? How and whe n had he died? Everybody had a differe nt an swer to these questio ns. Some people thought that it

42、was from this cen tury, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in this area. A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who ru

43、shed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousa nd years old.With moder n dat ing tech niq ues, the scie ntists soon lear ned that the icema n was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B.C., he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he

44、 was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evide nce, however, tells a differe nt story. A new ki nd of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certa

45、 inly died from this wound, and not from the wound oil the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of battle. It may have been part of a large war, or he may have been fightiing bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.By study ing his clothes and tools, scie ntists hav

46、e already lear ned a great deal from the Icema n about the times he lived in. we may n ever know the full story of how he died, but he has give n us importa nt clues to the history of those dista nt times.36. The body of the icema n was found in the mountains mai nly because.A. he was lyi ngon the i

47、ceB. two Germa ns were climbi ng mountains C. the melted icemade him visibleD. he was just on a mountain pass37. What Can be inferred from paragraph 2?A. The iceman was killed while working. B. The icema n could have died from the wound in the head. C. The icema n lived a poor life. D. The icema n w

48、as struck dead from beh ind.38. All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT .A. he was asoldier in World War I B. he came from Italy C. he was a Swiss woma n's Ion g-lost father D. he was born about a thousa nd years ago39. The scie ntists made the deduct ion that the icema n

49、.A. was hit in the shoulder by anarrowhead B. was probably in some kind of a battle C. had got a wound on the back of his head D. has a tiny hole in his skin caus ing his death.40. The word "ba ndits" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by.A. robbersB.soldiersC.hu ntersD. shooters第三篇&quo

50、t;Life Form Found" on Satur n's Tita nScie ntists say they have discovered hints of alie n life on the Saturn's moon. The discovery of a sort of life was announ ced after researchers at the U. S. space age ncy, NASA, an alyzed data from spacecraft Cassini, which pointed to the existence

51、 of methane-based form of life on Saturn'sbiggest moon.Scie ntists have reportedly discovered clues show ing primitive alie n beings are "breath ing" in Tita n's dense atmosphere filled with hydroge n.They argue that hydroge n gets absorbed before hitti ng Tita n's pla net-like

52、 surface covered with metha ne lakes and rivers. This, they say, points to the existe nee of some "bugs" consuming the hydroge n at the surface of the moon less tha n half the size of the Earth."We suggested hydroge n con sumpti on because it's the obvious gas for life to con sume

53、 on Tita n, similar to the way we consume oxygen on Earth," says NASA scientist Chris McKay. "If these sig ns do turn out to be a sig n of life, it would be doubly excit ing because it would represe nt a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth."To date, scie nti

54、sts have not yet detected this form of life any where, though there are liquid-water- based microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan, where temperatures are around 90 Kelvin (minus 290 degrees Farenheit), a methanebased organism would have to use a

55、 substanee that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titan's surface and much too cold to support life as we know it.Scien tists had expected the Sun's in teract ions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coat ing of acetyle ne

56、on Tita n's surface. But Cass ini detected no acetyle ne on the surface.The abse nee of detectable acetyle ne on the Tita n's surface can very well have a non-biological explanation, said Mark Allen, a principal investigator of the NASA Titan team."Scie ntific con servatism suggests tha

57、t a biological expla nati on should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed," Allen said. "We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process, without biology, can expla in these results.&qu

58、ot;41. What do scientists claim to have found about Saturn?A. Water-based life on it. B. Metha ne-based life on its biggest moon. C. A new moon moving around it. D. Earthlike life on its biggest moon.42. Which of the followi ng stateme nts about Tita n is true?A. It is as large as the Earth. B. Ther

59、e is acetylene on its surface. C. Water on it acts as a life supporting medium. D. Hydrogen con sumpti on is reported to be on it.43. The expressi on "this form of life" in paragraph 5 refer to?A. Water-basedlife.B. oxyge n-based life. C. Metha ne-basedlife.D. Liquid-based microorga ni sms.44. It can be in ferred from Mark Alle n's address that.A. Scie ntists are tryi ng t