新译林AUnitDoityourself知识总结

1、8A Unit 4 Do it yourself.一. 词汇拓展1. in struct v.f in structi on(n.)指示、说明2. decorate decoration(VJ 装饰3. usual adj. unusual(反义词)4. possible adj. impossible(反义词)5. finish v. finished(adj.)完成的6. terrible adj. terribly(adv.)二. 重点短语1. had better (not) do sth.最好(不要)做某事2. a pair of scissors一把剪刀3. sta nd for代

2、表，象征4. in stead of (do ing) sth.5. be crazy about doing对着迷 be crazy for sth渴望某物be crazy for sb 迷恋某人be crazy to do sth做某事是糊涂的6. put in a brighter light7. make a mistake8. have a power cut9. fill with 装个亮点的灯犯错误 make few miatakes by mistake 错误地 供电中断，停电用填充 be filled with=be full of充满fill the room with w

3、ater弄得房间到处是水11. notonly （A）but also （B）.不仅而且;和都（作主语谓语看 B）12. advice名词（不可数）建议advise动词建议advise sb. （not） to do 建议某人（不）做advise doingadvise sb against doing反对做 13. addto 将增加到add to增加 add up to总计14. for example+句子例如 such as-短语take an example 举例 follow sb ' example 学某人15. tidy up16. put away17. keep i

4、t secret18. go wrong19. cut out收拾妥，整理好 放好；把收起来 保密 let out secrets 弄错；犯错；（机器）出故障 剪出20. clear in structions清楚的说明 give sb an in structi on to do=in struct sb to doask for in struct ions 请示21. read them first先读读它们22.No problem.没问题。23. enjoy doi ng sth.喜欢做某事24. enjoy maki ng somethi ng new 喜欢制作新东西25. mak

5、e some paper roses 做些纸玫瑰26. three brushes27. decorate his house28.look terrible29.a no ther time三把刷子装饰他的房子 看起来糟糕 另一次，还有一次30. put up a picture31. hit the pipe32. paint the wall blue33. take a course in DIY34. atte nd less ons35. try to do sth.张贴一张画敲裂了水管把墙刷成蓝色学DIY方面的课程上课努力/尽力做某事36.fail to do sth.失败做某事

6、；未能做成某事37.fail (in) the exam考试不及格38. teach sb. how to make card教 某人如何制作卡片39. tell/ask/order sb. (not) to do sth告诉/请求/命令某人(不)做某事40.on the other side of the card 在卡片的另一面41. give up (doi ng) sth.放弃(做)某事=stop doing sth.停止做某事42. how to make a fruit salad如何做水果沙拉43. mix them together将它们混在一起mix up混淆44. tips

7、 for mak ing a fruit salad 做水果沙拉的提示45. fruit in season时令水果46. make sure确保47. be sure确信，相信48.leave it in the air for some time将它留在空气中一段时间sometime 将来的某时； some times 几次、几倍；sometimes有时49. stop clea ning the house停止打扫屋子stop sb from doing 阻止某人做50. do outdoor sports做户外运动51. stay at home all day整天待在家里52. ri

8、ght now = right away = at once立刻，马上53. have fun working together 一起干活儿很开心54. spell the words wrong拼错单词55. colour the roses red将玫瑰着成红色56. stick it on the cover将它粘在圭寸面上 stick -stuck - stuck57. make things from old clothes 用旧衣服做东西58. put together a piece of furniture 组装一件家具59. finish doing 完成某事60.once

9、more 再一次 at once 立刻、马上once upon a time从前61.lt 'time for sth/to do62. be able to do be un able to do63. be certai n to do 肯定做64. make a pumpk in lantern for her=make her a pumpk in lantern by herself65. make a decision to do decide to do三.重点句子1. What does it sta nd for?他代表着什么2. You ' d better

10、 get some tools.你最好弄些工具。3. What' s DIY exactly?DIY确切的意思是什么4.It says, Do it yourself.”say报纸黑板的显示的内容）上面写道：“自己动手做。”5. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙是蓝色的，连天花板和地板也是蓝的。6. The books couldn'tstay on the shelf.书不能立在架子上。=No books could stay on it

11、.没有书能立在上面。7.One e nd of the shelf was much higher tharthe other.书架的一端比另一端高很 多。8. Now I know much more about DIY than my cousin对于 DIY 我现在比表哥知道得 多。9. Don' t touch the wet painplease.油漆未干，请勿触碰。10. You shouldn ' t put so many books on the she你不应该放这么多书在架子上。11. You had better not be late for schoo

12、l.你最好不要迟到。12. Please fix the shelf for me.请替我固定这个架子。13. Cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces将 其中一些大些的水果切成小块。14. Your room is really untidy- things are all over the floor.你房间真不整洁-地板 上到处是东西。15.1 decided to make her a birthday card by myself 我决定亲自为她制作一张生日 贺卡。16.1 kept spel ling the words wron

13、 g.我总是把单词拼错。17.1 pla nned to make a card with some roses on it.我计戈 M故张带有玫瑰的卡片。18.This is the first card I made for Mum.这是我为妈妈做的第一张卡片。19.1 made some mistakes when I wrote the sentence Happy Birthday, Mum ”.当写 “妈妈，生日快乐”这句话时，我犯了几个错误。三.词句解析l.leave vt.使处于某种状态 点拨 leave 用作使役动词，意为 “使处于某种状态 ”，后常接分词、形容词、副 词或介

14、词作宾语补足语。The moving story left him unmoved.他对这个感人的故事无动于衷。Leave the door open. 让门开着吧。This matter left her without a way of hope.这件事使她没有了丝毫的希望。 拓展 leave 可用作实义动词。用作及物动词，意为 “留下，留给 ”；用作不及物 动词，意为离开；出发”。其过去分词为left，意为剩下的，剩余的，没有用完 的”，修饰名词或不定代词时常常后置。leave还可用作名词，意为 休假，假期”。 His mother left for Shanghai this morn

15、ing.他的妈妈今天上午动身去了上海。I left my umbrella at home. 我把雨伞落在家里了。We are going to have five days' leave.我们将有五天假期。Do you have some pocket money left, Linda?琳达，你还有剩下的零花钱吗2. They couldn't stay there becauseone end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它们（书）无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端要高得多！点拨 much higher 意为

16、“高得多” 。 much 可修饰形容词的比较级， more 不可以。Our city is much more beautiful than that one.我们的城市比那座城市美丽得多。拓展 形容词比较级前常用一些名词、 数词、副词（如 a bit, a little, much, far, a lot, lots, still, even 等）来修饰，使比较意义在语义上有所加强，在程度上更加确切、 具体。Lily is a little taller than Lucy.莉莉比露西稍微高一点。His model plane is even better than yours.他的飞机模型

17、甚至比你的更好。五 . 语法祈使句讲解一、祈使句：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句 末一般用感叹号，但是有些祈使句的语气较弱，可以用句号结尾祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为 一般现在时，例：Go and wash your han ds.例如：保持肃静！Be kind to our sister.Watch your steps. 表示禁止的句式有：不准、不要、别、 No parking.二、表现形式肯定结构 :1. Do型（即:动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分）。如

18、:Please have a seat here.有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下 ,动词可省略。如 :This way, please. = Go this way, please. 。2. Be型（即:Be +表语（名词或形容词）+其它成分）。如:Be a good boy!要做一个好 孩子!3. Let型(即:Let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Let me help you.让我来帮 你。否定结构：1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加 don't构成，如:Don't forget me!Don't be late for school! 此句型的反义疑问句

19、是 (Don't do, will you ) 2. Let型的否定 式有两种：“ Dont + let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+ not + 动词原形 +其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。3. 有些可用no开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! No fishing!禁 止钓鱼！用"let"的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：1、"let"的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用"Do n't let."(见例(9);如

20、果宾 语是第一人称，则用"Letnot"(见例(10):Don't let this type of things happe n aga in.例(9)It's raining now. Let's not go out un til after the rain.例(10)2、 "Let"只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态(the passive voice,女口：Let the recalcitra nt crim in als be sent to pris on.Let all the dedicated capable

21、staff be promoted.3、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词(The infinitive without"to")之外，还可 以是某些适当的副词，如 out, i n, dow n, alo ne等：Let the puppy out.Open the win dows and let the fresh air in.The room is too sunny. Let the bli nds dow n.Let me alone, please.用"Let's"时，把谈话者的对

22、象包括在内；用"Let us"时，并不包括对方，如：Let's try it, shall we?Let us do it by ourselves, will you?里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you"，不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。三祈使句与并列连词and与or连用时可以表示条件。Work harder,a nd you will catch up with your classmates.情态动词 should ,had better的用法一. Should1表达职责或义务，提出劝告及一般人

23、们认为应该去做的事，常用来谈论现在和 将来。2. should用于否定句，多表示做了不应该做的事。Should n'3. should适用于任何人称和数二. had better1. had better do最好“ had 常缩写为'c否定式 had better not do一般疑问句把had放在主语的前面。1) ?You ' d better hurry up if you want to get home before dark.2) We' d better not disturb him.3) Had we better go now?我们最好现在走吗？2. had better适用于任何人称和数You' d bettqjo with me.3变为一般疑问句时，如果是肯定句，就把had提前，放在句首；如果是否定句， 就把hadn'提前即可。Had you better go there at on ce?4. 含有had better的反义疑问句的简短问句部分中要用had或hadn'如：You had better give him the magazine,hadn you ? ' thad better 比 shoul