book5 module 3 Grammar

1、2021/3/91Grammar2021/3/92V-ed与V-ing做定语1. V-ed作定语表示：作定语表示：Vt：被动的完成的被动的完成的Vi: 完成的完成的2. V-ing作定语表示：作定语表示：主动的进行的主动的进行的2021/3/93e.g. I know the boy standing under the tall tree. =I know the boy who is standing under the tall tree.The apartments being built are for the teachers.=The apartments that/which

2、are being built are for the teachers.Most of the artists invited to the Party were from Europe.=Most of the artists who were invited to the Party were from Europe.分词作后置定语相当于一个定语从句分词作后置定语相当于一个定语从句2021/3/94常见的由动词过去分词演变而来的常见的由动词过去分词演变而来的adj.amazed; disappointed; embarrassed; frightened; bored; moved；in

3、terested等等常用常用-ed形式形容词修饰的词有：形式形容词修饰的词有：tears；smile; voice; look; expression; eye2021/3/95V-ed与v-ing做宾语1.I want a computer. I want to play basketball.2. I enjoy the movie. I enjoy listening to songs.2021/3/96V-ed与to do 做宾语V(s)+v-ing注意事项：注意事项：e.g 用这种方法，空气就避免了污染。用这种方法，空气就避免了污染。In this way, air avoids b

4、eing polluted.你逃脱不了惩罚。你逃脱不了惩罚。You cant escape being punished.2021/3/97可接v-ing与to do 做宾语的动词remember/forget/regret/ +v-ing表：动作已发生表：动作已发生 +to do表：动作未发生表：动作未发生e.g -Did you lock the door? -Im sorry. I forgot to lock it.Why the door is open? I remembered I locking it.2021/3/98 stop to do 停下来去干停下来去干另一件事另一件

5、事 stop doing 停下正在停下正在干的事干的事 go on to do继续干另继续干另一件事一件事 go on doing继续干同继续干同一件事一件事 try to do try doing mean to do 打算干打算干 mean doing意味着意味着干干 cant help doing 禁不禁不住做某事住做某事 cant help to do 不能不能帮忙做某事帮忙做某事 2021/3/99e.g. In most cases, customers cant help _(被说服购买被说服购买) things they actually do not need. (persu

6、ade)being persuaded to buyI didnt mean _(伤害你伤害你), Diana, but I did, and I have been feeling upset about it. (hurt)to hurt youe.g I was reading a book when someone knocked at the door. So I stopped to open the door.You missed the train. It means waiting another 20 minutes.2021/3/910like / hate/ love

7、+ v-ing表：表：经常性的抽象的经常性的抽象的 +to do表：表：偶然的具体的偶然的具体的e.g I know you hate reading novels, but do you like to read one for me today?begin/start 只能跟只能跟to do 的情况：的情况：主语为物主语为物，如：，如：It began to rain.后面所接动词为表后面所接动词为表心理活动的词心理活动的词，如：，如：know, realize, think, understand等等 e.g I began to understand my parents from t

8、hat moment.begin/start 本身为进行时本身为进行时， 如：如：He is beginning to fit in with his classmates.2021/3/911ing/to do作宾补作宾补下列动词后在主动语态中用不带下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to的不定式作补的不定式作补语，但在被动语态中要加上语，但在被动语态中要加上to吾看三室两厅一感觉吾看三室两厅一感觉5 5看：看：3 3使：使：2 2听：听：1 1感觉：感觉：look at, see, watch, notice, observemake, let, havelisten to, hearfeel2021/3/912注意后接不带后接不带to的不定式作的不定式作宾补时，变被动时应宾补时，变被动时应加上加上to。e.g. I heard someone come