考研英语真题学习考研英语长难句300句(39)

1、2000 Passage 5wealth,If ambiti on is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambiti on1#disti nction, con trol over on e's desti nymust be deemed worthy of the#s behalf.sacrifices made on ambiti on【译文】如果抱负得到高度的重视，那么它的回报一一财富、声望、对个人命运的掌握一一则必须被认为值得为之做出牺牲。【析句】此句包含一个if引导的条件状语从句If ambition is to be wellre

2、garded ，全句的主语是 the rewards of ambition，谓语是 must be deemed，而破折号中的词语是插入语，作 the rewards 的同位语。made on ambitio n's behalf 是 the sacrifices 的定语。【讲词】dist in ction在句中意为"声望”。ambition有"野心，雄心”的意思，但是考虑到"野心”和"雄心”在汉语中的含意不尽相同，一个是负面的表述，一个是正面的表述，因此译成“抱负”比较合适。worthy of 意为 “对得起”或 “不辜负”。He is a

3、man worthy of our admirati on.（他是一个值得我们称赞的人。）Is he worthy of your love?（他值得你爱吗？）on behalf of意为“为了； 代表”。This is a stateme nt issued on behalf ofthe preside nt.（这是以总统名义发表的声明。）I ' d like to offer mycon gratulati ons on behalf of my family.（我代表全家向你表示祝贺。）17. If the traditi on of ambiti on is to have

4、vitality,it must be widelyshared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselvesadmired,the educated no t least among them.【译文】 如果抱负的传统具有生命力，那么它就应该受到广泛的推崇，尤其应该受到 那些自身得到他人羡慕的人们的高度重视，尤其是其中接受过良好教育的人。【析句】本句由两个分句构成。前一个分句包含由if引导的条件状语，主句中的主语 it 指代 the tradition of ambition。后一分句中 who

5、 are themselves admired 修饰people， the educated not least among them是 people 的补语。注意 people who arethemselves admired 指"自己也受人仰慕的人”。The educated among them 是指为人仰慕的人当中那些接受过良好教育的人。【讲词】not least 与not least of all 意思相同，意为"尤其是”。It pays toknow the enemy,not least because at some time you may have t

6、he opport unity toturn him into a frien d.（了解敌人有好处，尤其是在某个时候你也许有机会把你的敌人变成你的朋友。 ）Con trol is critical to any bus in ess success ,not least of all inChina.（控制对于生意的成功是至关重要的，尤其是在中国。）18. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this,a case of closing the barndoor after the horses have escapedwith the educate

7、d themselves riding onthem.【译文】这其中有着浓厚的虚伪成分，恰如马跑后再关上马厩的门那样，而受过良好教育的人自己正骑在那些马背上。【析句】 a case of clos ing the barn door after the horses have escaped是前面主句的补语， with the educated themselves ridi ng on them是补语中的伴随状语。后句的比喻，即马跑了再关上马厩的门与汉语的成语“亡羊补牢”没有任何关系，它的意思更接近于“掩耳盗铃”。作者在这里批评那些接受过良好教育的人，他们本人有野心或雄心， 但却反过来谴责抱

8、负。【讲词】hypocrisy 意为"虚伪； 伪善”。The Open Door policy advocated bythe United States is sheer hypocrisy.（美国所倡导的门户开放政策是十足的虚伪表现。）hypocritical是形容词，意为"虚伪的”， hypocrite 指虚伪的人。note 意为 "口气，口吻；调子；成分”。 There is a note of anxiety in hervoice.（她的声音里有一点焦急的意思。）19. Certa inly people do not seem less in ter

9、ested in success and its sig nsnow tha n formerly. Summer homes,Europea n travel,BMWsthe locatio ns,placen ames and n ame brands may cha nge,but such items do not seem less in dema ndtoday tha n a decade or two years ago.【译文】当然，人们现在对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎并未比从前减弱。避暑别墅、欧洲旅行、宝马车一一它们的位置、地名和商标可能会改变，但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并 未

10、比一二十年前减少。【析句】 此处出现了两个比较级，less in terested in success and its sig ns nowtha n formerly禾口 less in dema nd today tha n a decade or two years ago。另外注意句中的双重否定： 一是 do not seem less interested in success and its sig ns now than formerly ，一是 do not seem less in dema nd today tha n a decade or two years ago【

11、讲词】summer homes指富人在夏天避暑的房子，因此应该译成"避暑别墅”。name brands 指商标。in dema nd 意为 "有需求” 。The careers in dema nd that we have ide ntified allrequire some level of educatio n.（我们所公布的待聘职位都需要一定的教育程度。）Qualified teachers are in great dema nd in the rural areas.（农村地区需要大量合格的教师。）20. What has happe ned is that

12、people cannot con fess fully to their dreams,as easily and ope nly as once they could, lest they be thought push ing, acquisitive and vulgar.【译文】现在的情况是人们不能像以前那样轻易而公开地坦陈自己的梦想，惟恐别人认为自己爱出风头、贪婪、庸俗。【析句】what 一词指代的是 that引导的从句（that people cannot confess fullyto their dreams ） ，as easily and openly as once t

13、hey could作从句的状语。此夕卜lest引导的是一个带虚拟语气的假设状语从句。【讲词】pushing意为"有进取心的，有冲劲的，急切的”。acquisitive 意为"好学的；贪婪的"，例如：The boy was so acquisitive thathe seemed in terested in learni ng everyth in g.（男孩很好学，不管学什么他似乎都有兴趣。）In an acquisitive society the form that selfish ness predo minan tly takesis monetary

14、greed.（在一个贪婪的社会里，贪财是自私自利的突出表现形式。）vulgar 意为"粗俗的,庸俗的，下流的”。 the technical and vulgar names ofan an imal species（动物种类的科学名称和通俗名称。）The n ewly rich like todispaly their vulgar houses and cars.（新富喜欢炫耀其庸俗的房屋和汽车。）21. In stead,we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles,which now morethan ever seem in

15、ample supply: the critic of American materialism with aSouthampt on summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals inthree star restaura nts; the journ alist advocat ing participatory democracy inall phases of life,whose own children are enrolled in private schools.【译文】 相反我们目睹了比以前任何

16、时候都多的虚伪景观：美国物欲主义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅， 激进图书的出版商在三星级餐馆就餐，倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者把自己的子女送进私立学校。7【析句】 本句的主句是 we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles。非限定性的定语从句（ which now more than ever seem in ample supply） 修饰 spectacles。冒号后面的成分是三个并列的名词性短语，其核心词分别是critic , publisher和journalist 。spectacles在文中意为"壮观景象”，有一定的反讽

17、意味。【讲词】be treated to"被款待，被招待”，例如： She treated herself to aday in the cou ntry.（她花了一天时间在乡间游玩。）该词组的意思是to be providedwith或to be given,因而，在译成汉语时应该考虑加上合适的动词。in supply 禾口 in dema nd 词义相反，意为 "供应” ，in ample supply意为“供应充足”反之，表示"供应短缺”英语是 in short supply23. For such people and many more perhaps

18、not so exception al,the properformulati on is, “ Succeed at all costs but avoid appeari ng ambitious.【译文】对于这样的人，以及更多也许不太出色的人而言，恰当的行为准则是：“不惜一切代价获得成功，但要避免让人看出雄心勃勃。”【析句】For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional是句子的状语，主语是the proper formulation，谓语是系动词is，表语是引号里的内容。【讲词】formulation意为“配方；公式；简洁

19、的陈述”。在此句中，formulation译成“行为准则”比较合适。at all costs意为“不惜一切代价”，一个相关的词组是at the cost of （以”为代价），其含义和用法与at the expe nse of相同。Econo mic developme nt should notbe achieved at the cost of our e nvironment.（经济的发展不能以牺牲我们的环境为代价。）9exceptional表示"例外的, 异常的”。 All her children are clever, but theyou ngest daughter

20、is really exception al.（她的孩子们都很聪明，但最小的女儿尤为突出。）24. The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; itspublic defe nders are few and uni mpressive,where they are not extremelyun attractive.【译文】对抱负的攻击非常之多，而且观点不尽相同；公开为之辩解的则少之又少，而且并不为人注意，尽管他们并非一点吸引力也没有。【析句】此句是用分号隔开的两个并列句。where they are not

21、 extremelyun attractive是定语从句，从整体上来修饰its public defen ders。【讲词】angle意为"角度”，这里特指看问题的角度。 Personally,though,l am more in terested in look ing at the issue from ano ther an gle.（尽管就我个人而言，我更有兴趣从另外一个角度看待这个问题。）perspective 原意为"透视画法，透视图”，转意为"远景；前途；观点；（认识问题的） 角度” 。It is useful occasi on ally to look at the past to gain a perspectiveon the pre-se nt.（偶尔回顾过去有助于展望未来。）He tried to explore from theperspective of history the uniqueness of Asia' sdevelopment. （他试图从历