定语从句 (3)

1、定语从句教案 张明君一、 定义在复合句（两个或两个以上的句子）中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Eg: the girl who wears red clothes is my sister.其中 the girl 是先行词 （定语从句修饰的的词叫先行词）Who 关系代词 （1、连接两个句子。2、代替先行词在定语从句中充当某个成分。） who wears red clothes 定语从句注意：翻译时应该把定语从句翻译在先行词之前。二、 关系代词关系代词有以下几个： 指人或指物 所作成分That : 人，物 主语、宾语（可省去）Which 物 主语、宾语（可省去）Who 人 主语Whom

2、 人 宾语 （可省去）Whose 人，物 定语例子解析：1) A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in

3、the school.6）Do you know the man _son is a famous scientist?三、关于that、 which、 who、的特殊用法。(一)、我们知道that和who 都能用作主语，都指人；that和who 都能用作主语和宾语，都指物。但是以下情况只能用that1 先行词既有指人又有指物。2 当先行词前有序数词。3当先行词前形容词最高级时。This is the last first lesson that we have this term.4当先行词前有the only、 very 、the just、both,、 every、no、any、litt

4、le、some等修饰时5先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代词.6主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时Which is the coat that you like best?7当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 China is no longer the country that she was. （二）、只能用which不能用that的情况: 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时.a. Bruce went toward the fire, which was still smoking. b. He came late

5、again, which made the teacher angry. 先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置。 This is the house in which Lu Xun lived. 如果介词后置： This is the house which/that Lu Xun lived in. This is the house wherein which Lu Xun lived(三).只能用who的情况当先行词为 one、 ones 、 anyone 、 those 、和there be 句型中。Those who break the law should be punished.

6、There is a teacher who wants to see you.(四) 关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句, as用作关系代词, 既可指人, 也可指物。在定语从句中可做主语, 宾语和表语。它常用在the sameas, suchas, asas, soas 句型中，as不可省略。 Such girls as he knew were teachers. 他认识的女孩都是老师。I will buy the same bike as yours. 我要买和你一样的自行车。若与the same(指同一物)连用, 构成the same.that.结构时, 关系代词用that。This i

7、s the same museum that you once visited.这就是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆。Such as 和 such that 的区别He is such an honest boy as we all liked.He is such an honest boy that we all liked.四、关系副词1、归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,why 指原因。在定语从句中作状语。（主谓宾不缺时）关系副词有时=介词+关系代词，用什么介词看先行词。1 I still remember the day _ I first came to Beiji

8、ng. when/ on which2 The factory _ his father works is large. Where in whichThe fram_ his father works is large Where on which3. Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm. when/ at which4. This is the house _ we lived last year. where/ in which2、但是，即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which5. I sti

9、ll remember the day _ we spent in the forest. that/which6. The factory _ we will visit is large. that/which3、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year.b、That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we s

10、pent together?c、This is the reason why he went. The reason that (which)he gave us was quite reasonable.五、介词+关系代词的归纳总结1、 谓语动词的固定搭配 e.g. This is the evidence with which the case is connected.1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars? （ For which）2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollar

11、s? （on which）3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot? (form which)4) Have you found the book _ she often talks? (about which )2、先行词 e.g. Ill never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party. 1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the

12、school.3) I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _ most people had had supper.3、 句子表达的意思 e.g. The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked.1、My glass，_ I was like a blind man，fell to the ground and broke.A.whichB.with which C.withoutD.wit

13、hout which4、 在非限制性定语从句中，名词代词+of + whichwhom表示整体与部分的关系e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries.5 介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前，有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上。e.g. We did it in the same way in which he didwhich he did in. 介词加关系代词的练习1 The boy was staying in the room _window he could climb

14、 down. ( through whose)2. Hes the man _ I learnt the news. (from whom)3. Whos the comrade _ you just shook hands. (with whom)4. There are 52 students in our class, _ nearly 40 are League members. (of whom)5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner. (of whom)6. Do you know the driver who

15、caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed. (in which)7. This is the way _ she studies English ( in which)8. The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend. （for which）9. The story about Shakespeare, _ this is one example , is well written. （ of which）10. The old man always wears his gla

16、sses _ _ he cant see anything. （Without which）11.The key_ she was opening the door broke. （with which）12. The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school. （to which）13. No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early. （for which）14. At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is bei

17、ng built. （over which）六 特殊的定语从句（分组比较）注意事项：1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that)we visited last year.b、That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together?c、This is the reason why he went. The reason that (w

18、hich) he gave us was quite reasonable.2、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或whoma.This is the boy with whom he worked. b.This is the boy whom he worked with.e. The house where we live is not large. f. The house in which we live is not large.g. The house which we live in is not large. h. The house we live in is not

19、large. 高考易考定语从句与强调句的区别、易混题型集粹1. A. Mr Brown has two daughters, both of_are doctors. B. Mr Brown has two daughters. Both of_are doctors. a. them b. whom c. that d. they2. A. I'll never forget the days_we spent together in Beijing. B. I'll remember the days_we worked together in Beijing. a. th

20、at b. where c. when d. what3. A. The building_gate faces south is my office. B. The building_faces south is my office. a. whose b. where c. which d. in which4. A. Our teacher did all_he could to help them. B. Our teacher did _he could to help them. a. what b. which c. that d. whose5. A. Is this the

21、novel_you bought the day before yesterday? B. Is this novel_you bought the day before yesterday. a. that b. the one c. where d. in which6. A. She is one of the students in our class who_well. B. She is the only one of the students in our class who_well. a. sing b. sings c. sang d. have sung7. A. We

22、should go to the place_we are most needed. B. We should go to the place_ needs us most. a. it b. where c. that d. what8. A. It is October_we met in Dalian for the first time. B. It is in October_we met in Dalian for the first time. a. that b. which c. when d. while9 A. This is the man _, they say, s

23、tole the car. B. This is the man_; they say he stole the car. a. who b. whom c. that d. X10. A. Mr Cross is_people call a strange man. B. Mr Cross is a man_people call a strange man. a. what b. that c. which d. who11. A. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. B. He is such a good teacher_ we al

24、l like. a. whom b. that c. as d. which12. A. He has four daughters, two of _are workers. B. He has four daughters, and two of_are workers. a. which b. whom c. them d. what13. A. Mother didn't come back on December 25, _was my birthday. B. Mother didn't come back home on December 25, _she was

25、 busy working. a. that b. which c. when d. as14. A. He said nothing at the meeting, _surprised us all. B. He said nothing at the meeting, _was known to us all. a. as b. that c. which d. such15. A. This is the room_he lived in his childhood. B. This is the room_he lived in last year. a. when b. where c. that d. what16. A. It was the house _I met the young man. B