形容词副词考点分析

1、形容词副词考点分析（一）形容词：表示人和事物的特征例子：a big/red/fresh appleA han dsome/brave/tall boy形容人的外貌，身高，岁数，位置：形容词表示人或物的性质或特征，修饰名词，一般放在名 词前，但也有特殊情况。一形容词的基本功能（在句中可以充当的成分）1. 定语（放在名词前，对其进行修饰）I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a（an）_trick.A ordinary B. easy C. smart D. Simple*考点：意思相近的形容词，多比较，根据其逻辑进行选择。

2、2. 表语【表语即放在am, is，are后面，或者放在listen to（听）， hear（听见），see（看见），watch（观观看），feel （感觉）等感官动词后, 表状态的形容词】例如：be prepared for （放在be动词后不是简单的形容词，翻译成为什么做好了准备，强调一种状态）be determ ined to 下定决心做be seated （与 sit 的相比，sit 强调动作，you are sitting）be dressed in穿着什么样的衣服的状态be lost in thought表陷入沉思的状态表语又可以表示为be动词后形成系表结构的形容词的单词sth i

3、s simple看起来像被动语态，实际上是系表结构的形容词的单词，由过去 分词充当形容词注意：有些形容词作表语时，通常不可以用“人”作主语，常见的有 Convenient，inconvenient，possible, impossible, necessary probable, improbable。E.g. Come and see me whenever.A.you are convenient B.you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D it will be convenient to you【分析】最佳答案为 B,因为英语

4、中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的"，而是表示"使人感到方便的"，所以 be convenient的主语通常不能是"人"。要表示“如果你方便的话"，英语通常 if it is convenient for to you，其中的介词可用 for或to,但一般不用with。顺便说一句，偶尔也可见到用人或物作be convenient的主语，但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点：句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，如：Mary is convenientto see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see

5、 Mary on Sunday.星期天去见玛丽较为方便。3. 补足语The teacherskept us busy preparing our lessons（充当形容词，当宾补）The artist was born poor形容词可以作主语的补足语4. 以-ly结尾的形容词1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely， Ionely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。2） 有些以-ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily，weekly， monthly，yearly， early 等。5. 用形容词表示类别和整

6、体1）某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数 连接，如 the dead, the living ,the rich，the poor，the blind, the hungryWe should look after the old and love the young .2）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用，如 the British，the English，the French, the Chinese等。形容词作定语一般位于名词之前，但在下列情况下，形容词要 放在被修饰词之后。（1）表语形容词（表语-用来说明主语的性质，身份，特征和状 态

7、），女口： afraid,ashamed 羞愧的,alone,asleep,aware,alike,alive 活着的,awake,afloat在船上的，漂浮着的等，需后置。Money alone cannot create fortune.He spoke like a man afraid.他说话时像是很害怕似的。He was the only man alive.他是唯一能活下来的人。（2）形容词作定语修饰 some any，every，no 和 body，thing ， one等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。（定语：名词前边的修饰 或限制成分。名词、动词、代词、形容词、数量词等都可以做

8、定 语）There is someth ing wrong with my bike.Nobody else knew the secret.There is someth ing unu sual in her voice.形容词位置她的声音有些反常。（3）“介词+名词”，“形容词+介词/不定式”或其他形容词短语 作定语时，需后置。I can ' t find somebody at home.Please give me somethi ng to eat.（4）当 Iong,wide,high,deep,thick,away,old等词与数量短语连用时，需后置。The stree

9、t is 50 meters wide.a swimming pool nine feet deep 一个 9 英尺深的游泳池三多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序，可以用下面一个顺口溜来帮助记忆：限序基描大，形齢颜国材“材”则代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词，stone,wooden，silk ，plastic 等。）stude nts are required to take part in the boat race.A. Ten strong young Chin eseB Ten Chin ese stro ng youngC Chin ese ten young strongD young

10、stro ng ten Chin ese多个形容词修饰名词时，限定词 +数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词，如those + three + beautiful + large + square +old + brow n + wood + table。（二）副词：表示某一个动作的特征副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。1. The visitors were warmly welcomed by the stude nts.（副词修饰动词） 2.It is a rather difficult job.（修饰形容词）3

11、. He is running fast enoughfast 修饰动词 run，enough 副词修饰副词 fast）4. The ben ch （长凳）is just behi nd the door. （just 修饰介词短语）5. This is exactly what I want to see.6. Luckily,he was not hurt in the accide nt.（修饰整个句子）一、副词的位置1）在动词之前。The visitors were warmly welcomed by the students.（副词修饰动词）2）在 be 动词、助动词之后。This

12、 is exactly what I want to see.3）方式副词 well，badly， hard等只放在句尾。He speaks En glish well.二、副词的排列顺序：1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连 接。Please write slowly and carefully.3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意：副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。改错： I very like En glish.I like En glish very much.注意：副词enough要

13、放在形容词的后面，形容词 enough放在名 词前后都可。I don"t know him well eno ugh.There is eno ugh food for every one to eat.There is food eno ugh for every one to eat.三、兼有两种形式的副词1) close 与 closelyclose意思是"近"；closely意思是"仔细地"。2) late 与 latelylate意思是"晚"；lately意思是"最近"。3) deep与 dee

14、plydeep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深 度，"深深地"。4) high 与 highlyhigh表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。5) wide 与 widelywide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"<6) free 与 freelyfree的意思是"免费"；freely的意思是"无限制地"。四形容词与副词比较级和最高级的变化规则1 一般情况下；直接加-er或-est taller，fast

15、er单音节以不发音e为结尾的，直接加-r或-st2. 重读闭音节词，结尾只有辅音，即辅-元-辅结构的，先双写该辅音字母，在力卩-er或-est (big-bigger，thin，fat)3. 以辅音 +y 结尾的双音节词， heavy-heavier early-earlier4. 双音节、多音节的比较级：在原级前加more或mostbeautiful， careful， comforttable， comfortably5不规则变化good/well-better-best bad/ill/badly-worse-worstMany/much-more-mostfar-farther-far

16、thestold-eld-eldestThese childre n arethis year tha n they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller五形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法1. 同级比较(1)表示两者在某一方面相同时：as+形容词或副词原形+asThe box is as heavy as that one.as+形容词+a/an+名词单数+asE.g. It' s gen erally believed that teach ing isit is a sci

17、e nee.A an art much as C as an art much asB much an art as D as much an art as解析： 这里是一个as.as 结构，常见的是 as + adj / adv +as但也可以 as + adj + n+ as. 这里 teaching is as much (adj) an art (名词)as 是 第二种结构。(2)表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“ not as/so+形容词或副词原型+as”It ' s not as/so warm today as yesterday.He did not come as

18、/so early as Tom.2. 比较级,表示“较”或“更一些”(1) This box isthat one.A. heavy tha n B. so heavy tha nC. heavier as D. as heavy as注：在形容词和副词比较级前，可以用much, a little等修饰，如much better, a little taller。E.g. He works much harder tha n me.3. 最高级，表示“最形容词和副词的最高级用来表示三者或三者以上（人或物）的比省去。最高级常与表示范围的短语，像“in+集体名词；of+个体名词的复数”连用等。1

19、) We are busiest on Mon day.2) This is the most in teresti ng story of all.3) Hainan is China' s second largest island.4) Scree n city is the best theater in tow n.5) Who sings (the)most beautiful of the three?五倍数的表达1) "The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B "The size of the n e

20、wly broade ned square is four times that of the previous one.2) 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。3) 倍数 + as + adj. + as <=> 倍数 + the + of 例如：This bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。This bridge is three times the len gth of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.你的房间是我的两倍大。

21、Your room is twice the size of mine.(1) "A + be + 倍数+ as + 计量形容词原级+ as + B".(原级)这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。His father is twice as old as he.他父亲的年纪 有他两倍大。（2） "A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B "The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。"A + be + 倍

22、数+计量形容词比较级+ than + B "（比较级）E.g. The Yan gtze River is almost twice longer tha n the Pearl River .长江差不多比珠江长两倍。练习题1. “do you think of your English teacher? ”“ Oh, he is anman.”A. What, interestingB. What, interested C. How, interesting D.How, i nterested【陷阱】容易误选 D，认为第一空应填how，表示how "如何”；第二空应填

23、interested,因为有的书上说-ing形容词主要说明事物，-ed形容词主要说明人。【分析】其实最佳答案应是A。英语中表示汉语的“你觉得如何？”时，可用How do you like .? 或 What do you think of .? 注意两者搭配不同， 即 like 与 how 搭 配，think of与what搭配。另一方面，有的书认为： -ing形容词说明事，-ed形容词 说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的，但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是：表示使（别）人感到如何）,用-ing形容词；表示人自己本身感到如何，用-ed形容词。比较：All the children are inte

24、rested.所有的孩子都很感兴趣。All the childre n are in teresti ng. 所有的孩子都很有趣。I read an in terested expressi on on his face.我看至 U他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。I read an in terest ing expressi on on his face. 我看至 U他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。2. Mary is very clever andworth teaching, but her brother is not.Look, he is nowasleep in class.A. very

25、, very B. much, very C. well, very D. well, fast【陷阱】容易误选A，因为许多学生往往将汉语中的“很”与英语中的very等同。【分析】但是，许多汉语中的“很”是不能用英语中的very来直译的。如汉语“我很喜欢英语”，在英语中就不能说成I very like English，而应说成I like English verymuch，因为副词very在英语中习惯上不用来修饰动词。上面一题不能选 A，是因为形容词worth，是因为形容词和asleep习惯上不能用副词 very来修饰，而是分别用well 和 fast 修饰，即说成 be well worth

26、 doing sth（很值得做某事），be fast （或 sound） asleep（熟睡），所以此题的最佳答案应选D。3. My brother is two years than I.A. older; older B. elder; older C. older; elder D. elder; elder4. It was late to catch a bus after the party, there fore we called ataxi.A. too very B.much too C. too much D. Far5. When they heard the bad

27、news, they all lookedat the master and feltquite.A. sad; sad B. sadly; sadly C. sad; sadly D. sadly ; sad6.1 haven' t see this since I collected stamps.A. as old a stamp as B. so an old stamp asC. stamp as old as D. as an old stamp as7. If the man ager had to choose betwee n the two, he would sa

28、y Joh n was_choice.A. good B. the best C. better D. the better8. It takes a long time to go there by train ； it' sby road.A.quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker9. box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A So a heavy B. So heavy a C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a10. Paper produced every year isthe world's producti on of vehicles.A. the three weight ofB. three times the weight ofC. as three times heavy asD. three times as heavi