中考复习专题 主谓一致

1、. 专题十一 主谓一致 英语中，主语的单数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致一般遵循语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三个原那么。一、名词作主语一单一名词做主语1.某些集体名词如family, team, audience, class, club, company, crew, enemy, crowd, government, group, party, public, population等作主语时，假如作为一个整体对待，谓语动词用单数形式，假如强调其中个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。2.某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth, folk等，只能当复数对待

2、，谓语动词必须用复数。3.单、复数同形的名词如deer, sheep, species, means, works, Chinese等做主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。4.名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如：The doctors is across the street.二名词短语做主语1.用and或bothand连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如：Walking and riding are good exercises.但是，并列主语假如指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名

3、词没有冠词。如：A knife and fork is on the table.2.each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl wants to go to school.3.假如主语有more than one或many a 构成，尽管意义上是复数内容，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：More than one student is reading the book.但是，“more+复数名词+than one构造之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如：More members than on

4、e are against your plan.4.当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数不受影响，即以前面的名词为准。如：The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.5.以or, either or, neithernor, n

5、ot onlybut also等连接的名词代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原那么。如：Either you or he is to go.6.假如名词词组中心词是all, most, half, rest等词语所指的是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之，用单数。7.当表示度量、间隔 、金额、时间、书名等名词词组做主语时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years has passed.8.一些有两个部分构成的名词如glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等作主语

6、时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但假如主语被“a kind of, a pair of, a series of 等短语修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：A pair of shoes was under the bed.9.this kind/ type of + n.和 n. +this kind/ type of构造做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of 前的名词：This kind of book is harmful. Books of this kind are harmful.10.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：Between the two windows

7、 hangs a picture.二、the+形容词作主语 “the+形容词或过去分词表示一类人或物，其作主语时谓语通常用复数，这类词有：the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the injured, the wounded等。三、数词作主语一“分数或百分数+名词构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heaps of, half of+名词构成的短

8、语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。二“a number of+ 名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但是，“the number of+名词的中心词却是number“数量，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。三a great deal of, a large amount of修饰不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数，如：A large amount ofA great deal of damage was done in a very short time.四one and a half后跟

9、名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.五half of, a part of短语作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词。六one out of/ in+数词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。四、代词作主语一名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词既可以用做单数，也可以用做复数，这取决于它所代替的名词是单数还是复数。如：Ours Our Party is a great party.二such, the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。如：Such is our plan. Such

10、 are his words.三不定代词any, none, all, some, more等单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义决定谓语动词用单数或复数形式，either, neither单独作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。但是后接of时，假设of的宾语为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，假设of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，谓语动词可以是单数也可以是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式的谓语动词更常用。如：Neither of them knows you. None have seen the film.四关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其从句的谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一

11、致。如：Those who want to answer put up your hands.五疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。Who lives next door? It is Mike.五、从句作主语一由what引导的主语从句，主句谓语动词的单复数取决于what所指的详细内容，如：What we need is more time. What we need are doctors.二在“one of+复数名词+who/ that/ which引导的定语从句构造中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数

12、名词而不是one，因此，从句中的谓语动词应该是复数形式。如：She is one of the girls who are late.但是当one之前有the only等修饰语时，关系代词的先行词是one，因此从句的谓语动词应是单数形式。如：She was the only one of the girls who was late.【例题精析】例1. I, who _ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.A. was B. are C. is D. am答案：D 。例2. The rest of the books _ put

13、 on the top.A. were B. are C. is D. be答案：B 。 专题测试1. In that country, the rich _ richer, the poor, poorer.A.become B.has become C.becomes D.is becoming2. More than one worker _ dismissed. A. have been B.are C. has been D.has3. In our country, every boy and every girl _ the right to go to school. A. h

14、as B. have C. is D. are4. Every means _ tried, but there is no result.A.have been B.has been C.will be D.were5. Each man and woman _ the same rights. A. has B. have C. had D. is having6. The population of China _ larger than of the USA.A. will be B. are C. is D. was7.Whisky and soda _ his favorite d

15、rink.A. is B. are C.were D. have been8. _ either he or I fit the job? Neither he nor you _ .A. Am,are B. Is,are C. Are,are D. Is,is9. All but him and me _ to the cinema.A.are going B.is going C.was going D.has going10. Not only I but also David and Iris _ fond of playing basketball.A. am B. is C. ar

16、e D. was11. Deer _ faster than dogs.A. will run B. are running C.runs D.run12. Cattle _ on the hillside.A.grazes B.is grazing C.was grazing D.were grazing13. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?“I suppose so.A. Will be B.Is C. Are D. Were14. Interest, as well as prospects, _ important when one looks

17、for a job.A. are B. were C. is D. was15. To play basketball and to go swimming _ useful for character- training.A. was B. is C. are D. were16. The factory, including its machines and buildings, _ burnt last night.A. is B. are C. were D. was17. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. has not

18、 been decided B. is not decidedC. are not decided D. have not been decided18. What I want _ an interesting book, while what he wants _ two cups of coffee.A.is, are B.are, is C.is, is D.are, are19. The wounded _ good care of here now.A. is taken B. are being taken C. are taking D. is being taken20.Th

19、ree hours _ enough for us to finish the task.A. are B. has C. is D. were21. Many a student _ that mistake before.A.had made B.has been made C.are made D.has made22. The gas works _ near the city.A. is B. are C. were D. be23. Mary is the only one of the girls who _ to be supported.A.is going B.are going C.was going D.were going24. Mary is one of the girls who _ always on time.A. is B. am