初中宾语从句详细讲解与练习

1、1宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员，在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语如:I knowthat血 mnn is n policcmm主句引导词从句宾语从句三大块：1引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2.宾语从句的语序；3.宾语从句的时态。I宾语从句的引导词1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用 that 引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good boy 老 师说我是个好男孩。She doesn t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (th

2、at) he will succeed.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句：1.1 know2. She says(that)1.They will go home.2.She sings well.1.2._2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用 if 或 whether 引导，意为 是否”女口：1) Is Jim a good student?I don t knowdon t know if /whether Jim is a good student.(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate g

3、ets up early?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句：1.Do you know2.I want to know3.The teacher asks if/whetherC3.21.1s he readi ng ?2. Will they read books ?3 Can you sing ?1._2._3. _注意：只能用 whether 不用 if 的三种情况? 一般情况下，if 和 whether 可以互换，但以下 3 种 情况只能用 whether：? 与 oror notnot 连用：3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如:1. What is she

4、doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?2. Where does she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句：1. Do you know2. I want to know3. Can you tell me 1. What are you doing?2. Where do you live?3. When does he get up?1._CCHe asked me whether or not I was coming.?

5、在介词之后：It depends on whether it is going to rain.?在不定式之前：We haven t decided whethter go there.Let me know whether you can come or not.I worry about whether I hurt her feelingsI don t know whether accept or refuse.32._n宾语从句的语序：必须是陈述语序3.4句式连词语序例句陈述句That不变I thi nk that we can be good frien ds.一般疑问句if/wh

6、ether改为陈述语序I can t remember if I posted the letter特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语序He asked whe n the train would leave.注意事项：（一）当从句的原句为以下句子以及 what,what, whowho 作主语时，语序不变：What s wrong? What s the matter?What s happe ning?eg:l don t know what s the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?川宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应1. 如果主句的时态是一般

7、现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是 _I don t think （that） you are right.Please tell us where we II go omongpw.Do you know whe n Mr. Smith moved here?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的 _寸态（一般过去时，行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.特殊情况：从句说明的是

8、一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，即使主句是过去时态，从句任然要用_寸。He told the boy that three and three is six.The teacher told us that Lu Xun is a great writer.时态过去进5即学即练子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1) These flowers are from Guan gdo ng. He said.He said_ these flowers_ from Guangdong.2) Light travels faster tha n sound. My teacher told me.

9、My teacher told me_light_ faster tha n sound.3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn t know.Jack didn t know_ there_ a meeting in five days.4) Can they speak Fren ch? I want to know.I want to know_Fren ch.5) How many people can you see in the picture? Who kno ws?Who knows_ in the picture?

10、6) Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know_ her car?7) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know_ at the door so loudly.8) Does he still live in that street? I dont know.I dont know_ he still_in that street.9) Whats his name? I asked him.I asked him what_ .10) When doe

11、s the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me_ .6单项选择1) I hope_it will snow this win ter.A.whe nB.ifC.whether答案：D hope 后面应该接 that 引导的宾语从句，that 在句中没有任何意义，可以省略2)_ I don t knowMr.Green will come to see us.He will help us with our En glish.A.whyB.whe nC.howD.where答案：A 从下文的答语看，上文不知道的应该是来看我们的原因3)_1 ca

12、n t remember I have seen him before.A.whether B.whyC.what D.how答案：A 本句表达一种不确定的概念，用 whether 或 if。4)_ Do you know ？ I m going to see him.Sorry， I don t know.答案：C 宾语从句要用陈述语气，排除 A、B 两项。从句意判断问的是 现在住哪儿?5) Where do you thi nk_ he_ the compute？Sorry， I have no idea.A. /； boughtB.has；boughtC.did; buyD.does；b

13、uy答案：A do you think 是插入语，可以把它去掉，分析句意应该用应用过去时态和陈述语序。6) 1 can t understand_he likes computer games so much.A.thatB.whether C.whyD.where答案：C 句意为 我不理解为什么他那么喜欢电脑游戏”。7) (2010 北京中考大纲卷)一 Do you know_ the MP3 player last week?Sorry， I have no idea.A.how much did she pay forB.how much will she pay forC.how mu

14、ch she paid forD.how much she will pay for答案：C 宾语从句要用陈述语序，由此排除 A、B 两项，由 last week 判断应该用过去时态D./A.where does Mr.Li liveB.where did Mr.LiliveC.where Mr.LilivesD.where Mr.Lilived78) (2010 北京中考大纲卷)I don t know_ tomorrow.Can you tell me?8C.whe n we will startD.whe n will we start答案：C 由 tomorrow 判断，应该用将来时态

15、表示。经典例题例 1 1 In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper_ Who Moved MyCheesewas an in teresti ng book.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if思路解析：注意本句中斜体部分是一本书的名字谁动了我的奶酪，本句含义是 一个读者问书 店管理员这本书是不是有趣”。所以答案是 D 项。答案：D黑色陷阱：本题的主要陷阱是书名Who Moved My Cheese它本身含有一个 who,容易给人造成误解。绿色通道：在英语中，注意书名一般都是斜体的，且书名的首字母是大写的，注意把它看成一个 独立的完整

16、的东西。例 2 2 I was told_Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.A.that howB.how thatC.when thatD.that whe n思路解析：注意后面从句的含义是 比尔 盖茨十三岁的时候开始玩电脑”,应该用 when 表示 当.时”，本句中的 that 是宾语从句的引导词。所以选 D 项。答案：D黑色陷阱：本句结构复杂，主要陷阱设置在when 上，它在本句中起到引导后面的时间状语的作用。绿色通道：做此类题，要慢慢理顺思路，不要钻牛角尖，当一种含义说不通时，从另一个角度或 另一个含义考虑。

17、例 3 3 （2010 江苏苏州中考）一 I wonder_.Zebras.A. what do they call these ani malsB. how they call these an imalsC. what they call these ani malsD. how do they call these an imalsA.whe n we startedB.when did westart9思路解析：本句含义是 我想知道他们叫这些动物什么”，排除 B、D 两项。另外宾语从句要用陈 述语序。所以选 C 项。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句容易译成 他们怎样称呼这些动物”而错选 how，注意本句中隐含句型 call sb. sth.含义是称呼某人”。绿色通道：解答本类题首先分析句意，确定引导词，然后看好语序和时态。例 4 4 （2010 北京中考）1 m different from my twin sisterlove dancing _she is interested inreadi ng.A.soB.orC.butD.a nd思路解析:本句是转折关系，选择 C 项。答案：C黑色陷阱:本句陷阱在于选项前后都是肯定句形式，不细读题而误选D 项。绿色通道:并列句主要是根据句意来