第一讲英语五种基本句型

1、.第一讲英语五种根本句型口头翻译以下句子，标出句子的主语和谓语。1. He is standing by the sea.2. A yellow cat was sitting in the tree.3. He often walked in the rain before.4. They are still reading in the classroom.5. I can write with your help.1.基本句型构造2.每个句型成分的掌握。1.句子成分不清晰。2.五个基本句型掌握不明。句子的划分I. 根据结构划分：简单句基本，重点 句型一：S+Vi主+谓 句型二：S+V+P

2、主+系+表 句型三：S+Vt+O主+谓+宾 句型四：S+V+o+O主+谓+间宾+直宾 句型五：S+V+O+C主+谓+宾+宾补并列句: and, but, or复合句：名词从句宾，主，表，同 副词从句状语从句 形容词从句定语从句II. 根据功能划分： 陈述句 疑问句一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反义疑问句，修辞疑问句 祈使句y感叹句III. 根据句子成分：单个词汇 短语从句句子五种简单句型精讲1.SVio 例如：I went to school at 7：00.o 主 谓 状o 这一结构中的动词为不及物动词，其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。o go, live, die, t

3、alk, swim, stay, 用以上词语造句肯定，否定，疑问Examples:o 1.We go to school everyday.o 2.I live in Xiangyang District now.o 3.My love for you will never die.o 4.I want to talk with a foreigner.o 5.Jerry can swim well.o 6.Mr. Green will stay in China for a year.2.SV系Po 例如：The food smells delicious.o 主 系 表o 句子谓语动词不能

4、表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语 构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。o 系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem 等属一类，表示状态；get, grow, become, turn 等 属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保 持其部分词义。o look, sound, become, turn, keep，geto For example:o 1.每个人看起来都不一样。looko Everyone looks different.o 2.那听起来很好。soundo It sounds ve

5、ry good.o 3.我现在成了一名教师。becomeo I have become a teacher.o 4.她脸红了。turno Her face turned red.o 5.他现在成长得又高又壮。growo He grows tall and strong.o 6.天色渐渐黑了。geto It is getting dark.3.SVtOo 例如：He hopes to fly to the moon.o 主谓宾o 1只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词:want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，cant wait 等；o 2只能用动名词作宾语的

6、常见动词：mind，enjoy，keep，finish，admit appreciate avoid consider delay forgive imagine miss practice risk suggest, advise, allow, permit, feel like, give up, be busy doing, cant stand, can't help 等；o 3既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且有区别的常见动词：remember, forget, stop, go on, try, like, mean, regreto 4既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语，且

7、无区别的常见动词：begin，start，hate 等。For example :1.记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。 还未做 Remember to close the window before you leave.2.我记得关了啊。已做过But I remember closing it3.哦，你忘了关灯了。还未做I see. You forgot to turn off the lights4.我忘了已经写完作业了。已做过I forgot finishing my homework already5.Mary 停下来去散步。stopMary stopped to take/have a w

8、alk6.他停止唱歌了。He stopped singing.7.然后，他接下来去玩足球了。go onThen he went on to play football.8.Tom 继续玩电脑游戏。Tom went on playing computer games.9.我们尽量完成任务。tryWe try to finish the task.10.我试着修理自行车。看有无结果 I tried mending the bike.4.SVtOiOd例如：Hegavemea pen.主谓间宾直宾1这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后，但间宾前需加介词 to对象或 for目的；o 例如：n They le

9、ntthe bike to the boy.o 主谓直宾间宾2在间宾前加 to 的：For example:1. 昨天爸爸给我姐姐一个礼物。 give My father gave a present to my sister yesterday.2. Li Hua 给 Mary 他的照片。 show Li Hua showed his pictures to Mary.3. 我的朋友给老师了一封信。 send My friend sent a letter to his teacher.4. 姐姐给妈妈带来一件漂亮的裙子。 bring My sister brought a beautifu

10、l dress to Mother.5. 请把盐递给爸爸。 pass Pass the salt to Father please.6. 他把自行车借给那个女孩了。 lend He lent his bike to that girl.7. 以前，奶奶常给孩子们讲故事。 tell My grandma told stories to children in the past.8. Tom 昨天教学生一首英文歌曲。 teach Tom taught an English song to his students yesterday.3 在间宾前加 for 的：1. 他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。

11、make His made a birthday present for me.2. 她的丈夫给她买了一个漂亮的项链。 buy Her husband bought a beautiful necklace for her.3. 我们应该为残疾人做点什么。 do We should do something for the disabled people.4. 我们给老人们唱歌。 sing We often sing songs for the old people.4最好用 SVtOdOi 结构的情况：o例如：Ill sendit to you.直宾间宾oWell singsome song

12、s直宾forthe friend间宾from a foreign country a.当直接宾语是人称代词时： b.当直宾比间宾短时：5.SVtOCo例如：ooThe boy主wished谓his father宾to buy a bike for him.宾补1带 to 的不定式作宾补；o 例如：She asked me to call him again.o 很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补，这类动词有：ask，tell，want，wish，would，like，dislike，hate, advise, allow, permit 等。o a.让 Tom 来给我们作报告 Ask Tom to

13、give us a lecture.ob.我不愿意你走。 I wouldnt like you to leave. 2不带 to 的不定式作宾补；o 例如：We often hear the girl sing the song.o 能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如 let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look at，observe.o a.星期天我帮助奶奶运水。o On Sunday, I help my grandma tocarry watero b.昨天晚上，我听到有人在唱歌。o Last

14、 night, I heard someone sing songs.o 注：n 如果这种结构变为被动语态，不定式就必然带 to.n help 后的不定式可以带 to 也可不带 to.3分词作宾补；o 例如：He heard somebody knocking on the window.o 现在分词作宾补表示主动，且动作正在进行，过去分词作宾补表示被动，或动作已 完成，也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词：see，hear，notice， watch，feel 及 find，get，have这三个动词为使役动词等。o a.当我进来的时候，我看到你在玩电脑。o When

15、I came in, I saw you playing computer.o b.当我从教室经过时，听到有人在唱歌。o When I passed by the classroom, I heard someone singing songs.o c.明天，我要理发。o Tomorrow I will have my hair cut.o d.上周，我去修自行车。 Last week, I had my bike rapaired.4名词作宾补；o 例如：We must keep it a secret.o 这类复合宾语只有在有限的一些动词后使用，常见的动词有：name，call，make，

16、elect，think，find，leave 等o What he have done made him a successful man.o a.我叫这只狗“飞飞。 I call the dog Feifeiob.我们让王明做我们的班长。 We made WangMing our monitor oWhat he have done made him a successful man. 5形容词作宾补。o 例如：You should keep the room clean.o 常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有：make，keep，find，want，wish，like，see，think，be

17、lieve，leave 等。o The interesting story made me happy.o leave me aloneo 让窗户开着.Keep the window open.同义句转换1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.o He seems to be giving us a talk tomorrow.o 2.I thought I hadn't covered the basket.o I had forgotten to cover the basket.o 3.If the rain stops，w

18、e'll have a picnic.o If it stops raining，we'll have a picnic.o 4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.o They listened to the teacher sing a song.o 5.I'll ask somebody to cut my hair.o I'll have my hair cut.1、标出下列句子的直接宾语和间接宾语。1. Can you do me a favor?2. Lei Feng set us a

19、 good example.3. He found me my bike.4. Tom lent her some money.5. I'll write you a letter tonight.2、标出下列句子的系动词。1. We should keep cool.2. When did you become a teacher?3. How nice the meet smells!4. KFC tastes nice.3、标出下列句子的宾语补足语。1. We must keep the room clean.2. Internet makes our life better.3

20、. The teacher found the boy clever.4. They get everything ready in time.1.本节课重点在于成分以及句型结构的讲解。对于主语，谓语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语等概念进行了解和掌握一定要透彻。尤其是对谓语要分析透彻，这样有利于其他几个成分的掌 握。2 简单句的基本句型。1. 主语+ 不及物动词 S + V The time passed quickly.2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 S + V +O We have planted a lot of trees in our hometown.3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语

21、 S + V + C Computers are useful in peoples life.4. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 S + V + IO + DO He bought me a birthday present.5. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 S + V + O + C Miss Wang told me not to be discouraged.几个句型，同学们，你们记住了吗？1 指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。1 I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside.2 In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life.3 There, the air is fresh and the water is clean.4 I can hear birds singing in the green trees.5 I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake.6 So I want to go to the countryside for a change.1. S + V 2. S + V +O 3. S +