现代大学英语精读4lesson6_extension

1、.Lesson 6-Groundless BeliefsBTLEW. Oral work Quotes Translation Poem: They Were Welcome To Poem: They Were Welcome To Their Belief Their Belief Supplementary reading QuizBTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.Give some examples of funny or bizarre childhood beliefs, collection of ideas that adults thought

2、 were true when they were children. It will remind you what it was like to be a child, fascinated and horrified by the world in equal parts. Differences between thinking with beliefs and thinking without beliefs BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.The End of group discussion.BTLEW The trouble with most

3、 folks is not so much their ignorance, as their knowing so many things which aint so. Josh Billings He who cannot reason is a fool; he who will not is a bigot; he who dare not is a slave. W. Drummond Every argument that has been used to justify the teaching of grammar may be applied with greater cog

4、ency to the teaching of logic. If it is desirable that a person shall speak correctly, it is much more desirable that he shall think correctly. Ballard the following three quotations are from A. E. Manders book, Logic for the Millions. Lesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.BTLEWRobert Frost - They Were Welcom

5、e To Their Belief Grief may have thought it was grief.Care may have thought it was care.They were welcome to their belief,The overimportant pair.No, it took all the snows that clungTo the low roof over his bed,Beginning when he was young,To induce the one snow on his head.To be continued on the next

6、 page.Lesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.To be continued on the next page.BTLEWBut whenever the roof camme whiteThe head in the dark belowWas a shade less the color of night,A shade more the color of snow.Grief may have thought it was grief.Care may have thought it was care.But neither one was the thiefOf

7、his raven color of hair.Lesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.About the poetFrost, Robert (1874-1963), American poet, who drew his images from the New England countryside and his language from New England speech. Although Frosts images and voice often seem familiar and old, his observations have an edge of sk

8、epticism and irony that make his work, upon rereading, never as old-fashioned, easy, or carefree as it first appears. In being both traditional and skeptical, Frosts poetry helped provide a link between the American poetry of the 19th century and that of the 20th century. See also American Literatur

9、e: Poetry. BTLEWThe End of PoemLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs. People have slaughtered each other in wars, inquisitions, and political actions for centuries and still kill each other over beliefs in religions, political ideologies, and philosophies. These belief-systems, when stated as propositions, ma

10、y appear mystical, and genuine to the naive, but when confronted with a testable bases from reason and experiment, they fail miserably. I maintain that beliefs create more social problems than they solve and that beliefs, and especially those elevated to faith, produce the most destructive potential

11、 to the future of humankind.BTLEWTo be continued on the next page.The problems with beliefsThe problems with beliefsby by Jim WalkerLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs. Throughout history, humankind has paid reverence to beliefs and mystical thinking. Organized religion has played the most significant role

12、in the support and propagation of beliefs and faith. This has resulted in an acceptance of beliefs in general. Regardless of how one may reject religion, religious support of supernatural events gives credence to other superstitions in general and the support of faith (belief without evidence), myst

13、icism, and miracles. Most scientists, politicians, philosophers, and even atheists support the notion that some forms of belief provide a valuable means to establish truth as long as it contains the backing of data and facts. BTLEWTo be continued on the next page.Lesson 6-Groundless Beliefs. Belief

14、has long become a socially acceptable form of thinking in science as well as religion. Indeed, once a proposition turns to belief, it automatically undermines opposition to itself. Dostoyevsky warned us that those who reject religion will end by drenching the earth in blood. But this represents a be

15、lief in-itself. Our history has shown that the blood letting has occurred mostly as a result of religions or other belief-systems, not from the people who reject them.BTLEWTo be continued on the next page.Lesson 6-Groundless Beliefs. However, does rational thinking require the adherence to beliefs a

16、t all? Does productive science, ethics, or a satisfied life require any attachment to a belief of any kind? Can we predict future events, act on data, theories, and facts without resorting to the ownership of belief? This paper attempts to show that, indeed, one need not own beliefs of any kind or e

17、xpress them in human language to establish scientific facts, predict future events, observe and enjoy nature, or live a productive, moral, and useful life.BTLEWThe End of Supplementary ReadingLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.C BTo be continued on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.1.

18、 I only know the man by_ but I have never spoken to him.A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experience2. Being colour-blind, Sally cant make a _ _ _ b e t w e e n r e d a n d g r e e n . A. difference B. distinction C. comparison D. division BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.C C To be continued on the nex

19、t page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.3. You must insist that students give a truthful answer _ _ _ w i t h t h e r e a l i t y o f t h e i r w o r l d . A. relevant B. simultaneous C. consistent D. practical 4. In order to raise money, Aunt Nicola had to _with some of her most treasured

20、possessions.A. divide B. separate C. part D. abandon.BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.A BTo be continued on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.5. The car was in good working _when I bought it a few months ago.A. order B. form C. state D. circumstance 6. The customer expressed he

21、r _for that broad hat.A. disapproval B. distaste C. dissatisfaction D. dismay BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.D BTo be continued on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.7. In order to repair barns, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be_. A. restles

22、s C. strong B. skilled D. versatile 8. His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is r a t h e r h i g h i n _ _ _ t o h i s i n c o m e . A. comparison B. proportion C. association D. calculation BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.C CTo be continued on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the

23、 quiz.9. Although he has become rich, he is still very _ of his money.A. economic B. thrifty C. frugal D. careful 10. As the manager was away on a business trip, I was asked to _the weekly staff meeting.A. preside B. introduce C. chair D. dominate BTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.B DTo be continued

24、on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.11. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or processes _ in the same way as human hand or arm.A. characters B. componentsC. catalogues D. collections12. Of course, talking about something which affects them personall

25、y is _ motivating for students.A. chiefly B. correctly C. currently D. eminentlyBTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.C ATo be continued on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.13. Most importantly, such an experience helps _ a heightened sensitivity to other cultures and will bring ab

26、out a greater appreciation of ones own culture as well.coach B. forsake C. foster D. censor14. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the _ back together.A. fragments B. pieces C. bits D. slicesBTLEWLesson 6-Groundless Beliefs.B CTo be continued on the next page.Youll be given ten seconds to do the quiz.15. _ drills that have no real topic have to remain as they are.A. Manufacture B. ManipulativeC. Manipulate D. Manifest16. This book has been in the works so long that I have lost _ of most of the sources found for me by the staff of the library.A. trace B. tra