防治癌症的得力“助手”——硒

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23、;            防治癌症的得力“助手”硒                                    

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26、0;         作者：方珏敏;王理伟 来源：新民晚报                                      

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32、0;                                                 硒与癌症密切相关，

33、美国一些城市的癌症死亡率与当地谷物中硒含量呈负相关，即低硒地区癌症死亡率高。他们发现人食物中硒的含量或血中的硒含量与癌症发生率呈负相关，而补硒则有利于降低癌症，特别是肝癌、前列腺癌、结直肠癌、肺癌的发生率与死亡率。        中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所的专家收集了8个省24个城市1458份血样，测定其中的硒含量，结果发现低硒地区的胃癌、食管癌、肝癌的死亡率明显高于高、中硒地区。江苏省启东市是我国肝癌高发区之一，其肝癌高发乡和低发乡发病率相差4倍，这种发病率的差异与当地粮食中硒或血硒含量呈明显的负相关。给这些居民补

34、硒使得原发性肝癌发病率下降了50%。        硒通过5个途径达到它神奇的防癌、抗癌作用。        1.改善免疫功能，提高抗癌能力。硒不但显著地影响免疫系统，调节机体，而且还能促进部分淋巴细胞产生抗体，使血液免疫球蛋白水平增高或维持正常。        2.提高机体抗氧化能力。肿瘤病人广泛存在抗氧化不平衡，含硒酶可使脂质过氧化物、过氧化氢等得到有效

35、的清除。        3.阻断肿瘤血管形成，防止肿瘤复发、转移。肿瘤的转移和生长，依赖于自身建立一套血管系统，而硒可以促进“抗肿瘤新生血管生成抑制因子”的生长，从而抑制“肿瘤新生血管网”的形成与发展，切断肿瘤细胞的营养供应渠道。        4.从分子水平上抑制肿瘤发生。硒能通过多种途径调节与肿瘤生物学特性有关的基因表达、蛋白合成，从而诱导肿瘤分化并抑制其生长。      

36、  5.硒能增强放、化疗的疗效。人体内肿瘤乏氧细胞对放、化疗不敏感，常成为肿瘤难以治愈的根源。硒能修复肿瘤未成熟血管，减少肿瘤乏氧细胞，提高放、化疗治愈肿瘤的效果。        2003年，美国食品和药物监督管理局（FDA）确认硒是抑癌剂，这给我们攻克癌症“难关”开辟了新途径，带来了新希望！        上海交通大学附属第一人民医院肿瘤诊治中心  方珏敏  王理伟（教授）&

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