第六讲：形容词和副词

1、第六讲形容词&副词1. 形容词的位置形容词的位置(1) 形容词前置：形容词一般位于被修饰的名词前。形容词前置：形容词一般位于被修饰的名词前。(2) 形容词后置形容词后置形容词的用法形容词的用法 修饰带有修饰带有-body, -one, -thing的复合代词。的复合代词。eg. Theres something wrong in your homework. She did everything possible to make him happy. 用用or或或and连接的两个形容词。连接的两个形容词。eg. I had never seen a face so happy and

2、sweet. Every nation, big or small, has its strong points. 同表示数量的词组连用时。同表示数量的词组连用时。eg. The street is 200 meters long. This river is 4 meters wide. 含有修饰词、补足语或宾语的形容词词组时。含有修饰词、补足语或宾语的形容词词组时。eg. It is a problem difficult to solve. He is a man suitable for the job.2. 形容词的顺序形容词的顺序多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，它们的排列顺序：多个形

3、容词同时修饰一个名词时，它们的排列顺序： “县官行令宴国才县官行令宴国才”县，即县，即“限限”，指限定词，指限定词，如：，如：the; a/an; this; that; your; my; his官，即官，即“观观”，指评价性形容词，指评价性形容词，如：如：lovely; interesting; beautiful; 行，即行，即“形形”，指形状大小，指形状大小，如：如：big; small; little; round; square令，即令，即“龄龄”，指年龄新旧，指年龄新旧，如：如：new; old; ancient; 宴，即宴，即“颜颜”，指颜色，指颜色，如：如：red; gree

4、n; orange; brown国，指国家或出处，国，指国家或出处，如：如：Chinese; Japanese; home-made材，指材料，也就是用什么做的。材，指材料，也就是用什么做的。如：如：earth; brick; glass; stone; 形容词的用法形容词的用法1. Chinese, glass, a, beautiful, table2. wonderful, my, garden, new, large3. 她丢了一只小的黑色皮包。She lost a small black leather handbag. a beautiful Chinese glass table

5、. my wonderful large new garden. 即学即练即学即练请将下列名词短语按准确顺序排列。3. “系动词系动词+ +形容词形容词”结构结构状态系动词：状态系动词：bebe感官系动词：感官系动词：feel, smell, sound, taste, lookfeel, smell, sound, taste, look表象系动词：表象系动词：seem, appearseem, appear持续系动词：持续系动词：remain, stay, keepremain, stay, keep变化系动词：变化系动词：become, grow, turn, get, gobecome

6、, grow, turn, get, go形容词的用法形容词的用法思考思考1. He ran (quick / quickly) in this relay race. 2. You should speak a little (slow / slowly).3. Mary writes very (good / well).4. This dress feels (good / well).5. This music sounds (sad / sadly).比较比较：encouraging 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的 encouraged 受鼓励的受鼓励的disappointing 令人失望的令

7、人失望的 disappointed 失望的失望的exciting 使人激动的使人激动的 excited 激动的激动的satisfying 令人满意的令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的感到满意的Worrying 令人烦恼的令人烦恼的 worried 烦恼的烦恼的 tiring 引起疲劳的引起疲劳的 tired 疲劳的疲劳的注意：现在分词表注意：现在分词表“令人令人”，主语多数情况是物，主语多数情况是物 过去分词表过去分词表“感到感到”，主语多数情况是人，主语多数情况是人 形容词的用法形容词的用法pleased / pleasing1. Her mother was that she ch

8、ose a college close to home.2. The music was very to the erested / interesting3. Id be very to hear your opinion.4. Thats an question.即学即练即学即练pleasedpleasinginterestedinteresting 修饰形容词和副词时，多放在它们前面修饰形容词和副词时，多放在它们前面 (除除enough, nearby外外) 。副词的用法副词的用法1.副词的位置副词的位置eg. He runs surprisingly fast. You

9、should watch a little carefully. The boy is old enough to go to school. 修饰动词时，多放在动词后面（除频度副词外）。修饰动词时，多放在动词后面（除频度副词外）。eg. It rains heavily today. He walked slowly towards to door. He often went there. You should always do like this.2. 副词的种类副词的种类时间副词时间副词now, today, recently, late, soon, yet等。等。频率副词频率副词

10、often, always, usually, seldom等。等。地点、方向副词地点、方向副词away, abroad, home, here, there等。等。方式副词方式副词clearly, carefully, alone, high, quickly等。等。程度副词程度副词almost, a little, much, very, rather, quite等。等。疑问连接副词疑问连接副词when, where, why, how等。等。否定副词否定副词not, hardly, scarcely, rarely, never等。等。其他副词其他副词even, also, only,

11、 too, perhaps等。等。副词的用法副词的用法 late(late(晚晚) vs. lately() vs. lately(最近最近) ) deep(deep(深，表空间深度深，表空间深度) vs. deeply() vs. deeply(深深地，表情感深度深深地，表情感深度) ) high(high(高，表空间高度高，表空间高度) vs. highly() vs. highly(高度地，表程度高度地，表程度) ) close(close(近，表空间距离近，表空间距离) vs. closely () vs. closely (仔细地仔细地) ) wide(wide(宽，表空间宽度宽，表

12、空间宽度) vs. widely() vs. widely(广泛地，表范围广泛地，表范围) ) free(free(免费免费) vs. freely() vs. freely(无限制地无限制地) ) bad(bad(坏坏) vs. badly() vs. badly(特别地特别地) ) 副词的用法副词的用法3. 两种形式副词的区别两种形式副词的区别high, highly1. She speaks of the boys behavior.2. The plane was flying .late, lately3. You have come too .4. What have you be

13、en doing .即学即练即学即练注意：有些以注意：有些以“ly”结尾的单词，却是形容词：结尾的单词，却是形容词：lively、 lonely、lovely、friendly、ugly、silly等。等。highly highlatelately形容词形容词/ /副词的比较等副词的比较等级级1. 词形变化词形变化 规则变化规则变化 strong youngfine bravehot fathappy earlybeautiful quicklystronger /strongestyounger /youngest1. 单音节词尾单音节词尾, ,加加-er/-estfiner /finest

14、braver /bravest2.e结尾的单音节词结尾的单音节词, ,加加-r/-sthotter /hottestfatter /fattest3.重读闭音节结尾，双写末字母，重读闭音节结尾，双写末字母，再加再加-er/-esthappier /happiestearlier /earliest4.辅音辅音+y结尾，结尾，y变变i再加再加-er/-estmore beautiful / most beautiful more quickly/ most quickly 5.多音节词大多在前面加多音节词大多在前面加more / most最高级最高级比较级比较级原级原级good / wellba

15、d / badlyillmany / muchlittlefaroldbetter bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest形容词形容词/ /副词的比较等副词的比较等级级1. 词形变化词形变化 不规则变化不规则变化 a.“as+ adj. / adv. + as ” eg. I am almost as old as you.b. “not as/so + adj. / adv. +as ” eg. He is not as tall as I.形容词形容

16、词/ /副词的比较等副词的比较等级级2. 常见重点句型常见重点句型 - - (1) 原级句型原级句型 a.“adj.-er / adv.-er + than ”（注：比较级前可用（注：比较级前可用a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal ,much ,far等修饰，但不可等修饰，但不可用用more或或many, few 修饰）修饰） eg. Marys dress is more beautiful than mine.b. “adj.-er / adv.-er + and + adj.-er/ adv.-er ” (越越越越) eg. more and mor

17、e better and better more and more popularc. “the +adj.-er / adv.-er , +the + adj.-er/ adv.-er ” （越来越（越来越） eg. The higher you stand, the farther youll see.2. 常见重点句型常见重点句型 - - (2) 比较级句型比较级句型 a.“the +(序数词序数词)+ adj.-est + of/in ” eg. The Nile is the longest river in the world. Changjiang River is the third longest river in the world.b. “ adv.-est + of/in ” (注：副词最高级做状语前面不加注：副词最高级做状语前面不加the) eg. He runs most fast of all the classmates.c. “one of the + adj.-est + ns of