简单句翻译练习

1、英语语法简单句专项练习题句子成分都由单词或短语担任，且只有一个主谓 结构的句子叫做简单句。初中阶段我们需要重点 掌握简单句的六种基本句型及其主要用法。一、S + V （主语+不及物动词）这种句型简称为主谓结构。不及物动词是指那些本身意义已完整，后面不需要接宾语的动词，如come, go, swim, appear, run, arrive, fall等。如：-Did you go by sea ?你们走的是海路吗？No, we flew. 不，我们是坐飞机去的。有时，不及物动词后面会跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如：Why don ' t you come at once when I c

2、all you我叫你时，你为什么不马上来？【练习导航】I .根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。1 .他在听。He.2 .昨晚你睡得好吗？Did you last night3 .这场雨持续了两个小时。The rain two hours.4 .事物总是变化的。Things always.5 .他来中国的梦想实现了。His dream to China.二、S + V + P（主语+系动词+表语）系动词通常与表语一起构成系表结构，用来说明主语的性质、特点或状态等。表语通常由名词、形容词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。常见的系动词有 be, look,sound, sme

3、ll, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, become, stay, seem 等。如：All her friends are now outside the door.她的所有朋友现在都在门外。The milk turned sour.牛奶变酸了。【练习导航】翻译下面的汉语句子。1 .他感到有点累。2 .这听起来是个好主意。3 .他的梦想是成为一名医生。4 .我最喜欢的运动是游泳。5 .问题是你想干什么。6 .他总是乐于助人。7 .这盘菜闻起来不错8 .那个女孩是我的妹妹。三、S + V + O（主语+及物动词+宾语）及物动词后面必须接宾语才能表达一个完整的意思。宾

4、语是动作的承受者，一般由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词等充当。如：He' s having lunch.他正在吃午餐。I prefer standing.我宁愿站着。He promised to lend me some books.他答应借给我几本书。【练习导航】I .找出下列句子的宾语。1 . He handed in his homework thismorning. 2 . Help yourself to some soup,Jim. 3 . He forgot which way togo. 4 . Would you mind waiting for a fewminut

5、es 5 . I ' ll do what I can. n .根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。6 .你认识这些人吗?Do you7 .今天早上他完成了 报告。He thismorning.8 .现在我来自我介绍一下。Now I ，ll.9 .他已经决定搬到北京去了。He has decidedBeijing.10 .我不记得事故是什么时候发生的。I don ' t remember the accident.四、S + V + IO + DO（主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）有些及物动词，如 hand, give, throw, lend,sing, read, wr

6、ite, buy, leave, make, pass, tell, get等可以带双宾语，一个宾语指人，称为间接 宾语；另一个指物，称为直接宾语。及物动词带 双宾语通常有以下两种结构：1 .及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语2 .及物动词+直接宾语+to / for+间接宾语【练习导航】I .找出下列句子中的直接宾语。1. She gave me her telephonenumber. 2. Bring me some water,please. 3. I ' ll make you some fresh tea.4. He sang us a folksong. 5. She show

7、ed me herpaintings. n .将下列句子改为同义句。6. Tom gave me a nice pen.Tom a nice pen me.7. My mother bought my little sister a pink skirt.My mother a pink skirt mylittle sister.8. She cooked us a delicious meal.She a delicious meal us.【温馨提示】某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动词有 give, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend

8、, teach, tell, write, throw, sell,email 等。如：Can you lend us your car你能把车借给我们吗？fCan you lend your car to us某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动词有 buy, play, get, make, order, choose, sing, pay 等。如：My uncle bought me a watch. 我叔叔给我买 了一块表。My uncle bought a watch for me.五、S + V + O + OC（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语）有些及物动词加上宾

9、语后，它的意思表达还是不 完整，这就需要再加上一个补足语来使句子的意 思完整。宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、名 词、介词短语、动词不定式、V-ing 形式等充当。如：Please don ' t call me Lucy 请不要叫我露西。I found the box empty. 我发现箱子是空的。The teacher told us to do some exercises.老师要我们做一些练习题。【练习导航】I .找出下列句子中的宾语补足语。1. They call their daughter Mary.2. Don ' t leave me behind.3. I

10、wish you to be happy.4. I saw her chatting with Nancy.5. Good food keeps you healthy.n .翻译下面的汉语句子。6. 他们请我和他们一道去。7. 我刚才看见她在跟简谈话。8. 你注意到他进来了吗？六、there be 句型there be 句型主要用来表示某地有某物或某 人”。如果be动词后面有两个或两个以上的主 语，be动词的选用需要遵循就近原则”。如：There is a dictionary, three books and a pen on the desk.桌子上有一本字典，三本书和一支钢笔。【练习导

11、航】n .根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。1 . 一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。a boy with a dog in theyard.2 .以前在街道拐角处有一家商店。a shop on the corner of the street.8 .可能会有一个更好的办法来做这件事。a better way to do this.9 .没有空气就没有声音.sound without air.10 .没有时间再等你了。no time you.Key :2. sleep well 3.一、I . 1. is listening4. change5. has come trueII . 6-10

12、ABBCD二、 1. He feels a little tired.2. Itsounds a good idea.3. Is Helen in 4. My computer is in the study.5. His dream is to become a doctor. 6. My favorite sport is swimming.7. The question is what you want to do.8. He is always ready to help others.9. The dish smells good. 10. The girl is my sister

13、.三、I . 1. his homework 2. yourself 3. which way to go4. waiting 5. what I cann . 6. know these people7. finished hisreport8. introduce myself9. to move to10. when; happened四、I . 1. her telephone number2. somewater3. some fresh tea 4. a folk song 5. her paintings9. showed; to10. made; forlasted forn

14、. 6. gave; to 7. bought; for 8. cooked; for五、I . 1. Mary 2. behind 3. to be happy4. chatting with Nancy5. healthyn . 6. They asked me to go with them.7. I saw her talking with Jane just now.8. Do you think the movie wonderful9. What do you advise me to do10. Did you notice him come in六、I .1-5 ADCBCn

15、 . 6. There is; playing 7. There used tobe8. There might be 9. There is no 10. There is; to wait for高中英语语法定语从句总复习郴州资兴三中 李俊才定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也 可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用 的句子叫作定语从句。一、关系带词引导的定语从句1 .关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或 代词宾语Whose (=of whom)Whose (=of whi例 1 : This is the detective who came from London.例 2

16、: The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.2 .关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that ,不用which 。 例如： All the people that are burst into tears.(所有人都迸出眼泪。)(2)如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very 等词修饰，

17、关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或 whom(3)非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom 、are well educated.(4) which 还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句 修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概 念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与 and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：句子成分his parents ve

18、ry hap用于限制从句或非限制性从句(5) that 可指人人作主语时多用w)y.只用于限制性从句 或物，在从句中作表语，(指】。)仅用于限制性定语从句中。代替人恸which 可作品指人时，一般指从事三语，既对附人或榭指物。 臬种职业或是有某种特主语Wholit. 口口 口以川日匕以知hch性的，也可 Which 5 1 J川 用 乂是非限制性的。主语Whom(7)如果作先作词外 体，噢窠代词用w集体名词着眼于集体的整 hich;若是指蝌中的各个成员，则用whOoHe succeeded in the competition, which made(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关

19、系代词应该用that 。(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone,everybody, someone, somebody, 关系代词应该用who 或 whom 不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you (在这的所 有人中谁和你一起去？)3 . “介词+关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构(1) “介词关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词关系代词“结构中的介词可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, withou

20、t等，关系代词只可用 whom或which,不可用that 。(2) from where 为“介词关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：We stood at the top of the hill, from wherewe can see the town.(3) 像 listen to, look at, depend on, payattention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如： This is the boy whom she has taken careof. (这是她曾今照顾的孩子。)二、关系副词引导的定语从

21、句1关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。2. that 可引导定语从句表示时间地点或原因That 有时可以代替关系副词when, where或者why引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因，在that 引导的这种定语从句中，that 也可以省去。三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟先行词，引导词同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词关系副词或that 来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不

22、可用that 引导。2关系代词和关系副词的选择依据(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分 , 作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语宾语 或表语的可选用关系代词。3. 先行词与定语从句隔离定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词 与定语从句的隔离。例如：This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.四、 As 在定语从句中的用法1 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1) as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替 先行词是人或物的名词。(2) as也可单独使用，

23、引导非限制性定语从 句，作用相当于which 。例如：The elephant s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.(3) the same that 与 the same as 在意 思上是不同的。2 As 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置as 引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但 which 所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：As is expected, theEngland team won the football match.五、英语定语从句专项练习单项填空1 I thin

24、k you re got to the pointa changeis needed, otherwise you ll fail.A. whenB. thatC.where D. whichujn;ujn; oj jeq joj qujn; ueo eqs gOJ LUOL|M joj oojoj ujn; oj ol|m vejeq; si1 es|e euo ou si ejeqid|eq joj noA >|se sAe/v|e eqs seop Aq/v '蒙 ueL|/v aseg i|Oii|Mgejeq/vvs|e/vef叫 1 i|l!M go epeiu ;s

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31、oq 叫j_ ,乙18. The year before last,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from effects the people arestill suffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what19. Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants,as the name suggests,eating doesn take much time.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.what20. Later I want to

32、return home but couldn company I could use I had learnt.A.where;thatB.where;whatC.when;whatD.that;that21. Government reports,legal papers and most business letters are the main situations English is used.A.whenB.thatC.howD.where22. We hope the measures to control house prices, are taken by the gover

33、nment , will succeed.A.asB.whenC.sinceD.after23. The boy the teachers considered failedin the final exam, surprised them very much.A.to be the best ； whichB.as thebest student； thatC.to have been studying well ； itD.such asa good student； which24. The president,together with his bodyguards, to the n

34、uclear station there was anaccident 20 minutes ago.A.have come； whichB.came； inwhichC.has come； whereD.come； inwhich25. Is there a gas stationaround I can get somepetrolA.whichB.what丁，t-，C.whereD.that26. There was time I hated togo to school.A.a ； that B.a； when t find aC.the； that D.the； when27. It

35、 was in the very house was built withstones he spent his childhood.A.that ； thatB.that ； whereC.which ； thatD.which ； where28. These wild flowers are so special I would doI them.A.what ； can saveB.all what ； canto saveC.what ； can to saveD.everything ；can save29. I shall never forget those years I l

36、ivedin the country with farmers,has a great effect on my life.A.that ； whichB.when ；whichC.which ； thatD.when ； who30. Just like a voyage at sea,our life journey, days are limited,is full of difficulties.:'市A. that B. which 漳 C. it D. whose 冲高中总复习英语定语从句专项练习卷参考答案1 .答案：C解析：where在此处引导定语从句。2 .答案：B解析

37、：本题考查定语从句。that引导的定语从句又在从句中作spend的宾语。3 .答案：D解析：由四个选项知该空格应填入 定语从句的引导词，此句意义为：people wereeaten by the tiger in the scene, 所以先行词scene应该与介词in搭配。4 .答案：A解析：关系副词 where引导定语从 句，修饰trousers ,并在定语从句中作地点状 语。全句意思为：在她擦手的裤子上留下了污 迹。5 .答案：D解析：从句意看，本题考查定语从句的用法，故 首先排除C项。由于when在定语从句中只能作时 间状语，而题干中的定语从句缺主语，因而排除 B项；as与which引

38、导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后，而 as 引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句 之后，其中as表示"正如那样"。as isoften the case为固定词组，意为"这是常用的事；正如常见的情形”。全句意思为“正如平常 一样，我们已经制订出了工作计划”。最佳答案Do6 .答案：B解析：由题干的结构及内容看，逗号之前，应为非限制性定语从句，故选 B项。全 句意思为：“正如报纸上报道的那样，两国之间 的谈判取得了进展。”若选A项，此句应为：Itis reported in the newspaper that talksbetw

39、een the two.若选 D项，此句应为：Whatis reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two.7 .答案：D解析：whose谁的，“有许多人，他 们的上网活动只是发送和接收电子邮件。”8 .答案：AM解析：考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语。9 .答案：C英解析：考查定语从句。through为介词提前，构成 go to the wild through. 。10 .答案：AM解析：句子成分分析。第一个 that引导宾语从句，第二个 that引导定语从 句，修饰 the little 。11 .答案

40、：D点解析：考查定语从句和省略。句 中省略了 they want;in which引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语。12 .答案：C解析：“在这部电影中”斯皮尔伯 格用了真实的演员而不是玩具，故用in which引导定语从句。13 .答案:AT7解析：考查定语从句。all为先行词，关系代词用 that 。14 .答案：DQ解析：考查非限制性定语从句； which引导非限制性定语从句指代前面整句话的 意义。15 .答案：DM解析：考查非限制性定语从句。 in front of which ”织在理的前面”。16 .答案：A英解析：考查定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰先行词 at the poi

41、nt 。17 .答案：B解析：考查定语从句及省略。完整 形式为： There is no one else (that/who)she can turn to;turn to sb.求助于某人。18 .答案：B解析：题意是“前年，东南亚部分 地区遭遇了洪水灾害，至今人们还在受此影 响”。由题中的逗号可以判定出句子的后半部分 是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是floods o从句子的结构可看出，定语从句中只缺少定语，也 就是说，先行词在从句中充当定语，所以引导词 要用whose。19 .答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句；where引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语。20 .答案：B解析：where引

42、导定语从句，what 引导宾语从句。“在公司里我可以用到我所学的 知识”。21 .答案：D解析：where引导定语从句，在从句 中作状语，相当于 in which 。22 .答案：A解析：as引导非限制性定语从句， 表示“正如”，并在定语从句中作主语。23 .答案：A解析：后半句为非限制性定语从 句，which指代前一分句的内容consider sb tobe。24 .答案：C解析：含有together with 的介词 短语只对主语起补充说明作用，对谓语动词不产 生任何影响。 where引导定语从句，where在从句中作状语。25 .答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句。关系副 词在定语从句中作地

43、点状语。本句中around作定语修饰 a gas station 。26 .答案：B解析：本题考查冠词和定语从句的 用法。time作“次数”解时，后接关系代词that引导的定语从句，即：This/It is thefirst/secondtime that+从句；time 作“一段时光(时期)”解时，其前用不定冠词，其后 接关系副词 when引导的定语从句，构成： There was/is a time when. 。故选 B。全句意思为： 有这么一段时间，我不想去上学。27 .答案：A解析：第二空是强调句型，强调的 是状语 in the very house 。house 后是定语从 句，从

44、句缺少主语，用 that或which引导；由于 house前有the very修饰，故只能用 that引导。28 .答案：C 解析：在 sb.do what one can to do 结构中what one can是宾语从句，what后不可再 使用关系代词；在 sb.doeverything/all(that)one can to do中，thatone can是定语从句，该从句中只能使用关系代 词 that , everything/all that 等于 what ；在以 上结构中can后省略了动词 do,动词不定式作目 的状语。故选Co29 .答案：B解析：第一个定语从句缺时间状 语，

45、因此第一空应该使用关系副词when；第二个定语从句缺主语，关系代词指代前面整句话，因 此用which引导非限制性定语从句。30 .答案：D解析：考查定语从句。 whose引导非 限制性定语从句， whose指代our life journey , 在从句中作定语修饰 days。1. Don ' talk about such things of_ you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those2. Is this the factory you visited the other dayA. thatB. whereC. in whichD.

46、 the one3. Is this factory some foreign friends visited last FridayA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4. Is this the factory he worked ten years agoA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn 'be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that定语从句:6. The freezing

47、point is the temperature water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what7. This book will show you can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8. The reason is he is unable tooperate the machin

48、e.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether9. I ' telll you he told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10. That tree,branches are almo st bare, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what12. He failed

49、in the examination, made his father very angry.A. whichB. itC. thatD. what13. We' retalking about the piano and the p ianist were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that14. The girl an English song in the next room is Tom ' s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC.

50、sangD. was singing15. Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD. who learn16. Anyone this opinion may speak out.A. that againstsB. that againstC. who is againstD. who are against17. Didn ' you see the manA. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded ju

51、st nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel the other dayA. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about19. Is there anything to youA. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongs20. -“ Howdo you like the

52、book ”-"It q uite different from I read last mont h.”A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. the one what21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others22. The train she was travellingwas late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that23

53、. He has lost the key to the drawer the papers are kept.A. whereB. in whichC. under whichD. which24. Antarctic we know very littleis covered with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which25. It 'the third time late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that

54、 you ' varrivedD. when you ' varrivedD. that26. It was in 1969 the Americanastronaut succeeded in landing on the moo n.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. in which27. May the fourth is the day weChinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festiv al in Guangzhou,live my grandp arents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where29. The hotel during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed atB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. in that we stayed30. Is it