财务报表附注翻译

1、* CO., LTD NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013 (All amounts in RMB Yuan) I. Company Profile * Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the "Company") is a limited liability company (Sino-foreign joint venture) jointly invested and established by * Co., Ltd.

2、and * Limited on 24 June 2013. On December 26, 2013, the shareholders have been changed to * CO., LTD and * LIMITED.Business License of Enterprise Legal Person License No.: Legal Representative: Registered Capital: RMB (Paid-in Capital: RMB )Address: Business Scope: Financing and leasing business; l

3、easing business; purchase of leased property from home and abroad; residue value treatment and maintenance of leased property; consulting and guarantees of lease transaction (articles involved in the industry license management would be dealt in terms of national relevant stipulations)II. Declaratio

4、n on following Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises The financial statements made by the Company are in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard for Business Enterprises, which reflects the financial position, financial performance and cash flow of the Company truly and comple

5、tely.III. Basic of preparation of financial statementsThe Company implements the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (Finance and Accounting 2006 No. 3”) issued by the Ministry of Finance on February 15, 2006 and the successive regulations. The Company prepares its financial statements on

6、a going concern basis, and recognizes and measures its accounting items in compliance with the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises Basic Standards and other relevant accounting standards, application guidelines and criteria for interpretation of provisions as well as the significant accoun

7、ting policies and accounting estimates on the basis of actual transactions and events.IV. The main accounting policies, accounting estimates and changesFiscal year The Company adopts the calendar year as its fiscal year from January 1 to December 31. Functional currency RMB was the functional curren

8、cy of the Company. Accounting measurement attribute The Company adopts the accrual basis for accounting treatments and double-entry bookkeeping of borrowing for financial accounting. The historical cost is generally as the measurement attribute, and when accounting elements determined are in line wi

9、th the requirements of Accounting Standards for Enterprises and can be reliably measured, the replacement cost, net realizable value and fair value can be used for measurement.Accounting method of foreign currency transactions The Companys foreign currency transactions adopt approximate spot exchang

10、e rate of the transaction date to convert into RMB in accordance with systematic and rational method; on the balance sheet date, the foreign currency monetary items use the spot exchange rate of the balance sheet date. All balances of exchange arising from differences between the balance sheet date

11、spot exchange rate and the initial recognition or the former balance sheet date spot exchange rate, except that the exchange gains and losses arising by borrowing foreign currency for the construction or production of assets eligible for capitalization are transacted in accordance with capitalizatio

12、n principles, are included in profit or loss in this period; the foreign currency non-monetary items measured at historical cost will still be converted with the spot exchange rate of the transaction date.The standard for recognizing cash equivalentWhen making the cash flow statement, cash on hand a

13、nd deposits readily to be paid will be recognized as cash, and short-term (usually no more than three months), highly liquid and readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of changes in value are recognized as cash equivalent.Financial Instruments Classification, recognitio

14、n and measurement of financial assets- The company at the time of initial recognition of financial assets divides it into the following four categories: financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period, loans and receivables, financial assets availab

15、le for sale and held-to-maturity investments. Financial assets are measured at fair value when initially recognized. Relevant transaction costs of financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are recognized in profit or loss of this period, and r

16、elevant transaction costs of other categories of financial assets are recognized in the amount initially recognized.- Financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period refer to the short-term sales financial assets, including financial assets held for

17、 trading or financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period designated upon initial recognition by the management. Financial assets measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are subsequently measured at fair v

18、alue, and the interest or cash dividends obtained during the holding period will be recognized as investment income, and the gains or losses of the change in fair value at the end of this period are recognized in the profit or loss in this period. When it is disposed, the difference between the fair

19、 value and the initial recorded amount is recognized as investment income, while adjusting gains from changes in the fair value.-Loans and receivables: the non-derivative financial assets without the price in an active market and with fixed and determinable recovery cost are classified as loans and

20、receivables. Loans and receivables adopt the effective interest method and take amortized cost for subsequent measurement, and gains or losses arising from derecognition, impairment or amortization are included in the profit or loss of this period.- Financial assets available for sale: including non

21、-derivative financial assets available for sale recognized initially and other non-derivative financial assets except for loans and receivables, held-to-maturity investments and trading financial assets. Financial assets available for sale are subsequently measured at fair value, and interest or cas

22、h dividends obtained during the holding period will be recognized as investment income, and gains or losses arising from the changes in fair value at the end of this period are recognized directly in owners' equity until the financial asset is derecognized or impaired and then is recognized as t

23、he profit or loss in this period. - Held-to-maturity investments: the non-derivative financial assets with clear intention and ability to hold to maturity by the management of the company, a fixed maturity date and fixed or determinable payments are classified as held-to-maturity investments. Held-t

24、o-maturity investments adopt the effective interest method and take amortized cost for subsequent measurement, and gains or losses arising from derecognition, impairment or amortization are included in the profit or loss of this period.Classification, recognition and measurement of financial liabili

25、ties- The company at the time of initial recognition of financial liabilities divides it into the following two categories: financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period and other financial liabilities. Financial liabilities are measured at f

26、air value when initially recognized. Relevant transaction costs of financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period are recognized in profit or loss of this period, and relevant transaction costs of other financial liabilities are recognized in

27、the amount initially recognized.- Financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period include the trading financial liabilities and financial liabilities measured at fair value with changes included in the profit or loss of this period designated u

28、pon initial recognition. Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at fair value, and the gains or losses of the change in fair value are recognized in the profit or loss in this period. - Other financial liabilities: adopting the effective interest method and taking amortized cost for subsequ

29、ent measurement. The gains or losses arising from derecognition or amortization is included in the profit or loss of this period.Requirements for derecognition of financial liabilities Financial liabilities shall be entirely or partially derecognized if the present obligations derived from them are

30、entirely or partially discharged. Where the Company enters into an agreement with a creditor so as to substitute the current financial liabilities with new ones, and the contract clauses of which are substantially different from those of the current ones, it shall recognize the new financial liabili

31、ties in place of the current ones. Where substantial revisions are made to some or all of the contract clauses of the current financial liabilities, the Company shall recognize the new financial liabilities after revision of the contract clauses in place of the current ones entirely or partially.Upo

32、n entire or partial derecognition of financial liabilities, differences between the carrying amounts of the derecognized financial liabilities and the consideration paid (including non-monetary assets surrendered or new financial liabilities assumed) are charged to profit or loss for the current per

33、iod. Where the Company redeems part of its financial liabilities, it shall allocate the carrying amounts of the entire financial liabilities between the relative fair values of the parts that continue to be recognized and the derecognized parts on the redemption date. Differences between the carryin

34、g amounts allocated to the derecognized parts and the consideration paid (including non-monetary assets surrendered and the new financial liabilities assumed) are charged to profit or loss for the current period.Recognition and measurement for transfer of financial assets If the Company has transfer

35、red nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets to the transferee, they shall be derecognized. If it retains nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets, they shall not be derecognized and will be recognized as a fin

36、ancial liability. If the Company has not transferred nor retained nearly all of the risks and rewards relating to the ownership of the financial assets: (1) to give up the control of the financial assets to be derecognized; (2) not giving up control of the financial asset to be recognized based on t

37、he extent of its continuing involvement in the transferred financial assets and liabilities are recognized accordingly.If the transfer of entire financial assets satisfy the criteria for derecognition, differences between the amounts of the following two items shall be recognized in profit or loss f

38、or the current period: (1) the carrying amount of the transferred financial asset; (2) the aggregate consideration received from the transfer plus the cumulative amounts of the changes in the fair values originally recognized in the owners equity. If the partial transfer of financial assets satisfy

39、the criteria for derecognition, the carrying amounts of the entire financial assets transferred shall be split into the derecognized and recognized parts according to their respective fair values and differences between the amounts of the following two items are charged to profit or loss for the cur

40、rent period: (1) the carrying amounts of the derecognized parts; (2) The aggregate consideration for the derecognized parts plus the portion of the accumulative amounts of the changes in the fair values of the derecognized parts which are originally recognized in the owners equity. Determination of

41、the fair value of financial instruments - If financial instruments trade in an active market, the quoted price in an active market determines its fair value; if financial instrument trade not in an active market, the valuation techniques determine the fair value. Valuation techniques include recent

42、market transaction price reference to the familiar situation and volunteer transaction, current fair value reference to other substantially similar financial instruments, discounted cash flow method and option pricing model and so on.Test and Provisions for impairment loss on financial assets -Excep

43、t trading financial assets, the Company makes assessment on the carrying values of financial assets at the balance sheet date. If there is evidence that the fair value of specific financial asset has been impaired, provisions for impairment loss is made accordingly.- Measurement of impairment of fin

44、ancial assets measured at amortized costIf there is objective evidence that the financial asset measured at amortized cost has been impaired, the carrying amount of the financial asset is written down to the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not y

45、et occurred), and the amount of reduction is recognized as impairment loss and is recognized in the profit or loss of this period. The Company carries out the impairment test of significant single financial asset separately, carries out the impairment test on insignificant single financial asset fro

46、m a single or combination of angles, and carries out the impairment test on single asset without objective evidence of impairment along with the financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics to constitute a combination, but does not carry out the impairment test on the provision for impa

47、irment of financial assets based on the single in the portfolio. In the subsequent period, if there is objective evidence that the value of financial asset has been restored and recognized relevant to the objective matters occurring after the impairment, previously recognized impairment loss shall b

48、e reversed and charged into the profit or loss of this period. But the book value after the reversal should not exceed the amortized cost at the reversal date of the financial assets supposed no provision for impairment. When the financial assets measured at amortized cost actually occur loss, offse

49、t against the related provision for impairment.- Available for sale financial assets If there is objective evidence that an impairment of available for sale financial assets occurs, even though the financial asset has not been derecognised, the cumulative loss of decrease of the faire value original

50、ly recorded in the owner's equity should be transferred out and charged into the current profit and loss. The cumulative loss is the initial acquisition cost of available for sale financial assets, deducting the fair value of the withdrawing principal and amortization amount and impairment loss

51、as well as net impairment amount originally charged into the profit or loss.Recognition and provision for bad debts of accounts receivable If there is objective evidence that receivables are impaired at the end of this period, the carrying value will be written down to its present value of estimated

52、 future cash flows, and the amount of reduction is recognized as impairment loss and is recognized in the current profit or loss. Present value of estimated future cash flows is determined through future cash flows (excluding credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the original effe

53、ctive interest rate, taking into account the value of related collateral (less estimated disposal costs, etc.). Original effective interest rate is the actual interest rate when the receivables are recognized initially. The estimated future cash flows of short-term receivables have small difference

54、from the present value, and the estimated future cash flows are not discounted in determining the related impairment loss.The significant single receivables are separately carried out impairment test at the end of this period, and if there is objective evidence that the impairment has occurred, base

55、d on the difference of the present value of future cash flows less than the book value, the impairment loss is recognized and the provision of bad debts is done. The significant single amount refers to top five receivable balances or the sum of payments accounting for more than 10% of receivable bal

56、ances. If there is objective evidence that the individual non-significant receivables impairment has occurred, separate impairment test is done, the impairment loss is recognized and the provision for bad debts is done; other individual non-significant receivables and receivables not impaired after

57、separate test are together divided into several combinations for impairment testing with aging as the similar credit risk characteristics, to determine the impairment loss and do provision for bad debts. In addition to separate provision for impairment of receivables, the company is based on the act

58、ual loss rate of receivable portfolio with the same or similar to the previous year and aging as the similar credit risk characteristics, and combines the current situation to determine the ratio of provision for bad debts as follows:Aging Ratio of provision Within one year5%1 2 years20%2 3 years50%

59、Over 3 years80%Fixed assets and depreciation accounting method Recognition criteria of fixed assets: fixed assets refer to tangible assets held for the purpose of producing commodities, providing services, renting or business management with useful lives exceeding one accounting year and high unit value.Classification of fixed assets: buildings an