虚拟语气专项训练(基础练习)(含答案解析)

1、虚拟语气专项训练（基础练习）副标题题号IIIIIIIVVVI总分得分一、句型转换（本大题共4 小题，共8.0 分）1. 同义句改写（ 1） It's a pity that I can't be with you in the next three months How I wish I _ _ with you in the next three months（ 2） You are badly ill because you didn't see the doctor If you _ _the doctor ， you would not be badly ill

2、 （ 3） It is wet outside So we don't allow the children to play in the garden If it _ _wet outside ， we would allow the children to play in thegarden（ 4） I didn't take his advice ， and now I regret a lot _ _ I _ _ his advice （ 5） He made many mistakes and he didn't pass the testIf he _ _

3、many mistakes he _ _the test （ 6） If it were not for the rain the crops would dieThe crops would die _ _ _ （ 7） If they hadn't offered us potatoes ， we would have died of hunger _ _the potatoes they offered ， we would have died of hunger （ 8） How I wish it were Sunday today _ _ it were Sunday to

4、day （ 9） If Tom had come ， we would have caught the thief _ Tom _ ， we would have caught the thief 2. Without UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.If _ _ _UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projectswould not be encouraged.3.We don?t go out very

5、often because we can?t afford it.Word 文档If we_ it, we_ very often.4. The time is not ripe. I?d rather you. _ (not, say) anything about it for the time being.二、完成句子（本大题共5 小题，共10.0 分）5. 你很可能睡不了什么觉，如果你住在庆祝婚礼现场附近。You probably _ get much sleep if you lived near _ a weddingreception was being held 6.Well,

6、 if _, Id go on an around-theworld tour.7. 完成句子（ 1）He talks as if he _.他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。（ 2）The girl listened as if she _ to stone. 那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，好像已经变成了石头似的。8.（ 1） If I _ (be) you, I would go there with him.（ 2） If I had worked hard in the school, I _ (be) a college student now.（ 3） _ he _ (follow

7、) your advice, he would have passed the examinations.（ 4） If you _ (not come) here tomorrow, we would cancel the meeting.（ 5） He is busy now. If he _ (be) free, he _ (go) with you.（ 6） _ it _ (rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.（ 7） We _ (have) a meeting next Thursday if there _ (be) no o

8、ther arrangements.（ 8） I'm sorry I'm busy now. If I _ (have) time, I _ (come) to see you.（ 9） If I _ (take) your advice, I _ (not make) such a mistake.（ 10） We didn't know his telephone number. If we _ (know) it, we_ (invite) him.9. If Tazieff were alive, using modern technique, he _more

9、 beautiful photos about active volcanoes. （take）如果 Tazieff 还活着的话，利用现代技术，他会拍出更多关于活火山的漂亮照片。三、单选题（本大题共22 小题，共 22.0 分）10. There is a good social life in the village ， and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved （）第2页，共 17页A. hadB.C. would have hadD.will havehave had11.He couldn't have lis

10、tened carefully in the class. Otherwise, he _ the test so hardnow.A. didn't feelB. hadn't feelC. wouldn't feelD. wouldn't have felt12._.every student aware of the importance of study, they would study efficiently.A. WereB. ShouldC. MayD. Had13. If there _ no modern telecommunications

11、, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A. wasB. beC. wereD. is14.If somebody from 1973 _ a dormitory message board now, he would notunderstand what_ on it since slang expressions have changed a lot.A. looked at; isB. had looked at; wasC. looks at; should beD. has looked

12、at; was to be15.The two boys look as if they _twins,for they look so much like each other.A. wereB. areC. had beenD. has been16. Without the Internet, these people who are disabled and must stay in their homes _fewer avenues to meet people.A. haveB. must haveC. would haveD. can have17.If I _ you, I

13、_ her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; took18._I ended our friendship, we _ have both learnt nothing.A. Have; wouldB. Had; mustC. Have, mustD. Had; would19.If I _ you, I _ her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; took20.

14、 Without the new paints and the new technique, we _see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.A. will not be able toB. were not be able toC. would not be able toD. are not be able to21. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _round the earth.A.

15、 were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling22.Mary is not willing to go abroad because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldntsee her parents very often.A. livesB. is to liveC. would liveD. were to live23. When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and dow

16、ns, and without the downs, the ups _ nothing.A. would have meantB. would meanC. must have meantD. must mean24. I owe my current success to David, my best friend since childhood, without whom I have no idea where I _ today.A. amB. wasC. would have beenD. would be25. The gap between the rich and the p

17、oor makes it essential that the government _ a dynamic solution to the problem.Word 文档A. must adoptB. adoptC. can adoptD. adopts26.But for the fact thatChinaalso affected by the global financial crisis, wefewerunemployed workers now.A. is; would haveB. were; would haveC. was; would have hadD. were;

18、would have had27. If you _ in love with literature at first, you _ a famous writer now.A. didn tfall, can tbeB. should fall, couldn thave beenC. hadntfall, shouldn tbeD. hadntfall, couldn tbe28. I have great difficulty working out this problem. _ to me, you _ less difficulty with such problems.A. If

19、 you had listened; would have hadB. If you listened; would haveC. Had you listened; would haveD. If you listen; will have29. Mr. Black insisted that he hadn tdone anything wrong and that he _ respected byhis colleagues.A. isB. wasC. beD. had been30.There is some possibility that the patient could ma

20、ke a full recovery, _ a certain curefor the disease.A. there should beB. was thereC. there wasD. should there be31.Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects_ to use them wisely and flexibly.A. if the students have failedB.C. had the students failedD.if the s

21、tudents failshould the students fail四、单句语法填空（本大题共5 小题，共5.0 分）32. If I _(be) you, I would apologize immediately.33. If you _(be)with me right now, we would be chatting over a coffee.34. If you had listened to my advice just now, you _(be) better now.35. People say that the art exhibition is worth see

22、ing. I wish I _ (can) go with you butIm too busy these days.36. You don thave to be in a such hurry, I would rather you _ on business first. (go)五、单句改错（本大题共3 小题，共6.0 分）37. Either the workers or the boss usually like eating in this restaurant for lunch.38. 句子改错(1)If I am you, I would build a small wo

23、oden house in the village._(2)Can you sing any songs, neither in Chinese or in English._(3) Because of the pollution, the villagers are running out the drinking water._(4)In order to strength the protection for the deserts, they formed a special team.第4页，共 17页_(5)A little boy was struggling in the r

24、iver, crying for help desperate._.39.If I were a millionaire ， I will travel around the world_六、句子翻译（本大题共2 小题，共4.0 分）40. 事实上，如果我们现在听到古英语，我们也理解不了。_41. 如果你住在一个地方， 附近正在举行一场婚姻宴会， 你可能不会有太好的睡眠。 (虚拟语气 )Word 文档答案和解析1.【答案】 （ 1）could be（ 2） had seen（ 3） were not（ 4） If only ； had taken（ 5） hadn't made； wo

25、uld have passed（ 6） without the rain（ 7） But for（ 8） If only（ 9） Had； come【解析】（1）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，填入的是 wish 后的宾语从句，通常用虚拟语气，有三种情况：1.现在的愿望，从句用过去时；2.过去的愿望，从句用过去完成时，通常是与过去相反的假 设；3.将来的愿望，从句用would/could/should/might 加动词原形。由句意知道，这里是将来的愿望，上文是 can't，故填 could be。（2）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是时间错综 条件句。主句和现在事实相反，从句和过去事实

26、相反，谓语动词 要用 had done。故填 had seen。（3）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是 if 引导的非真实性条件状 语从句，和现在事实相反，所以从句谓语部分的 be动词用 were，故填 were not。（4）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，要用 if only 来引导从句；If only 常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和 wish 类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。表达形式：表示与将来情况不同： if only 从句主 语第6页，共 17页would(could, might)+ 动词原形；表示与现在情况不同：if only 从句主 语动词过去式；表达与

27、过去情况不同：if only 从句主 语 would/couldhave/had过去分词 。由句意知道，本句是和过去事实相反，故填 If only ；had taken。（5）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是 if 引导的非真实性条件状 语从句，和过去事实相反，从句谓语部分要用 had done，主句要用would/could/should/might+have+done，故填 hadn't made；would have passed。（6）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里使用介 词 without 引导的介词短语表示一个暗含的非真 实条件状语。without, otherwise

28、, but for, but 引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚 拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，通 过介词短语来表示。使用到这些词组的句子中，虚拟语气的用法一般是：对现在的虚拟：would+do；对过去的虚拟：would(not) +have done。本句主句谓语部分是 would die，符合条件，再由三个空格可知，故填 without the rain。（7）由上一句和本句空格部分可知，填入的是but for，意为“要不是 ”。注意：该单词位于句首，首字母要大写。故填 But for 。（8）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， If only 常常用来表示 强烈

29、的愿望，用于虚拟语句时和 wish 类似，再由本句两个空格可知，故填 If only 。（9）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是省略了 if 的非真实性条件状 语从句，和过去事 实相反，所以提前 had。注意：该单词 位于句首，首字母要大写。故填 Had；come。2.【答案】 there were no【解析】Word 文档根据句意可知，如果没有 联合国的慈善大使，做 这件事情的人将不会被鼓励。这是明显的与现在事实相反的假 设。if 从句中应使用动词的过去式。动词是 be时通用 were。there be结构表示存在有。故填 there were no。3.【答案】 could afford

30、; would go out【解析】原句句意：我们不经常出去，因为我们支付不起。改写为 If 条件句虚 拟语气“如果我们能支付的起的 话，我们就会经常出去。”。由原句谓语动词 don't go可知时态为一般现在时，表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句 为 If+ 主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)，主句为主语+should/would/might/could+do 。故填could afford; would go out。4.【答案】 didn't say【解析】句意：时机还不成熟。我宁愿你现在什么都没有 说。此句考查 would rather 之后的宾语从句，常表示与

31、客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚 拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：与过去事实相反采用 had+done；与现在事实相反是采用一般过去时(be 用 were )；与将来事实相反时采用一般 过去时(be 用 were )。根据时间状语 for the time being （目前）可以判断出与 现在事实相反。故填 didn't say。5.【答案】 wouldn't ； where【解析】由句子结构知道，本句是 if 引导的非真实性条件状 语从句，和现在事实相反，所以主句要用wouldn't；第二空是 near后的宾语从句，根据句意可知用 连词where 引导宾语从句。故填

32、wouldn't ；where。6.【答案】 they invented virtual reality holidays【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，通过语境可知，这里是表示 对现在情况虚 拟，if 引导的从句谓语动词 用一般过去时，故填 they invented virtual reality holidays。第8页，共 17页7.【答案】 （ 1）knew where she was（ 2） had been turned【解析】1.as if，好像，仿佛。后面从句用虚拟语气，和现在事实相反，用一般过去时。where she was，是宾语从句，用述句语序。故填 knew whe

33、re she was。2.as if，好像，仿佛。后面从句用虚拟语气。和过去事实相反，用过去完成时。she与 turn 是被动关系，用被动语态 。故填 had been turned。8.【答案】 （ 1）were（ 2） would be（ 3） Had; followed（ 4） should not come/ didn't come/were not to come（ 5） were; would go（ 6） Were; to rain/Should; rain（ 7） would have; were/should be（ 8） had; would come（ 9） ha

34、d taken; would not have made（ 10） had known; would have invited【解析】（1）句意：要是我是你的话，我就和他一起去那儿了。在 if 引导的非真实虚拟条件句中，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（be 动词一律用 were），主句用 would/could/should/might+do。故填 were。（2）句意：如果我当初在学校努力学习的话，我现在就是一名大学生了。 这是一个错综虚拟条件句，从句是对过去的虚拟，谓语动词应该 用过去完成时 had done，主句是对现在的虚拟，用would/could/should/might+do

35、。故填would be。Word 文档（3）句意：要是他听了你的建议，他就通过那次考试了。此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时 had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done。当从句中含有 had/should/were时，if 可以省略，把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 Had; followed 。（4）句意：如果你明天不来这儿的话，我们就取消这次会议 。此处是对将来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do

36、。当从句中含有 had/should/were时，if 可以省略，把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 should not come/didn't come/were not to come。（5）句意：他现在很忙。如果他有空的 话，它就和你一起去了。此处是对现在的虚拟，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（be 动词一律用 were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填 were; would go。（6）句意：要是明天下雨的话，这场比赛将会被取消。此处是对将来的虚 拟，与将来事 实相反，从句用一般过去时/should do/were t

37、o do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。当从句中含有 had/should/were时，if 可以省略，把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 Were; to rain 或 Should; rain。（7）句意：如果没有其他安排的话，我们下周四将开一次会。此 处是对将来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时/should do/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+do。当从句中含有 had/should/were时，if 可以省略，把 had/should/were提前置于句首。故填 would hav

38、e; were/should be。（8）句意：对不起，我现在很忙。如果我有时间的话，我就去看你。与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（be 动词一律用 were），主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填 had; would come。第 10页，共 17页（9）句意：如果我采纳了你的建 议，我就不会犯这样一个错误了。此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时 had done，主句用 would/could/should/might+have done。故填 had taken; would not have made。（10）句意：我们不知道他的。如果我

39、 们知道的话，早就邀请他了。此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时 had done，主句用 would/could/should/might+have done。故填 had known; would have invited。9.【答案】 would take【解析】由句意可知，本句表示的是与 现在事实相反的假 设。根据虚拟语气的相关知识，主句中应用“would+do形”式，故填 would take。10.【答案】 A【解析】句意：村里有一个很好的社交生活，我希望我有第二次机会更多地参与其中。 wish 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词 用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或不大可能 实现的

40、愿望。表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语+wish（that）+从句主语+动词一般过去式，根据前一句中使用了一般 现在时可知，wish 从句中表示与 现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句 应该使用一般 过去时。故选 A 。11.【答案】 C【解析】句意：他在上课时没有认真听讲，不然的话，他现在不会感 觉考试那么难。本题语境是错综时间 虚拟条件句，根据 otherwise 之后的时间状语 now 提示可知，本空与现在事实相反，用情态动词 +动词原形结构，故选 C。12.【答案】 A【解析】句意 : “如果每一个学生意 识到学习的重要性，他们就会有效的学 习 。”此题表示与现在事实相反的虚 拟语气，省略 if

41、, be aware of中 be 动词提到主语前用倒装。在虚拟语气中，be 动词用 were。故选 A 。Word 文档13.【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果没有现代通讯工具，我们不得不要等好几个周末才能得知天下事。对现在情况的虚 拟，条件句中用一般过去时，be 动词用 were，主句用would/should/might/could + 动词原形。故选 C。14.【答案】 A【解析】句意：如果现在有 1973年的人看到宿舍的留言板，他就不明白上面写的是什么，因为俚语的表达已 经发生了很大的 变化。由句子结构可知，设空处第一空考查的是 if 条件句的虚 拟语气；由时间词 now 可知，设空处表

42、示与现在事实相反的 if 条件句的虚 拟语气，此时 if 条件句的 谓语动词 需用其一般 过去时，所以第一空需用 looked at；再结合句子结构和前后文可知，第二空表示的是 现在的情况，所以 what 后 be动词需用 is。故选 A 。15.【答案】 A【解析】句意：那两个男孩看起来像双胞胎，因 为他们长得很像。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真 实的或极少有可能 发生或存在的情况 时，as if 从句用虚 拟语气。从句表示与 现在事实相反，所以谓语动词 用一般过去时。故选 A 。16.【答案】 C【解析】略17.【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我就会采取她的建 议。根据语境，此处为与现

43、在事实相反的虚拟语气，if 从句用一般 过去时（be动词用 were），主句用主语+would/could/might/should+do 的形式，故选 C。18.【答案】 D【解析】第 12页，共 17页句意：如果我结束了友谊，我们都不会学到任何 东西。本题考查虚拟语气，第一空用 had done，将had 提前大写；第二空表示过去将来的 动作，用 would ，故选 D。19.【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果我是你，我会采取她的建 议。考查与现在事实相反的虚 拟语气，条件从句系 动词用 were，主句谓语动词为 would+动词原形。故选 C。20.【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果没有新的颜料

44、和新技 术，我们将无法看到 许多这个时期著名的 伟大的杰作。本句用到了 without 引导的含蓄条件句，表示 对过去情况的虚 拟；主句表示 对现在情况的虚 拟，所以应用主语 +would/should/could/might do。故选 C。21.【答案】 A【解析】句意：太阳从东边升起，从西边落下，看起来好像太阳 绕着地球转。as if 后接从句，从句中用虚拟语气，对现在事实进行虚拟，用过去进行时，be 动词用were。故选 A 。22.【答案】 D【解析】略23.【答案】 B【解析】句意：当生活变得艰难而你想要放弃的 时候，请记住，生命总是起起伏伏，如果未曾走 过下坡路，那上坡路就毫无意

45、 义。分析句子结构可知，此处是由without 引出的含蓄虚 拟句，without the downs 相当于虚 拟条件句；根据上下文语境可知，是对现在情况的虚 拟，所以空格处应用虚拟的主句形式would+do。故选 B。24.【答案】 D【解析】Word 文档句意：我把我现在的成功 归功于我童年 时最好的朋友 David，没有他，我不知道我现在会是什么 样子的。考查与现在事实相反的虚 拟，其谓语动词 用 would+ 动词原形。故选 D。25.【答案】 B【解析】句意：贫富差距使得政府必 须采取一种 动态的方法来解决 这个问题。根据句意，结合虚拟语气在非真 实条件句中的运用，应填入（shou

46、ld）adopt 才能是句子语法成立，结合选项，只有 B 选项符合要求，故选 B。26.【答案】 A【解析】这里考查的是一个含蓄虚 拟条件句，其条件隐含在 But for 短语里面，而该短语里 that 后是一个同位 语从句，指的现在的情况，因此用一般 现在时；而后面部分是主句，表示与 现在的情况相反，因此用虚 拟语气（would / should / could/ might +动词原形）。句意：要不是中国也受全球经济危机的影响，我们现在失业（未就业）的工人就会更少了。故选 A 。27.【答案】 D【解析】句意：如果你一开始没有 爱上文学，你现在就不可能是一个著名的作家。考 查条件从句中是与

47、 过去事实相反的虚 拟，主句与现在事实相反虚拟的谓语动词 。与过去事实相反，谓语动词 用 had + v-ed；与现在事实相反，谓语用could/should + 动词原形。故选 D。28.【答案】 C【解析】句意： 我很难解决这个问题。 如果你早听我的 话，你在处理这些问题时就不会那么困 难了。根据语境推断，前半句的从句描述与 过去事实相反的条件，与过去事实相反的虚 拟条件句中，从句中用 过去完成时，因此选项 AC符合条件；后面主句表示与 现在事实相反的虚 拟，该用 would+动词原形，所第 14页，共 17页以整个句子是混合型的虚拟语气，因此再排除 A ；另外从句中 had 置于句首时，省略 if ，故选 C。29.【答案】 C【解析】略30.【答案】 D【解析】句意：如果有某种治疗方法，病人可能会完全康复。逗号后面 为虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的 应用，表示与将来事实相反的假 设，此时可以使用 过去式、should do 和 were to do做条件句中的 谓语动词 。虚拟语气中，从句谓语形包含should、were、had时，可以省略 if ，将should、were、had提前构成倒装，本句中后半句可写 为 If t