选修8Unit1-2知识点学案

1、Module 8 Unit 1 & Unit 2designer:zhaoshaozhenzhaojing checher: xialinlin一、09考情预报：1、考情研究：近五年来，高考对本部分考查的知识点有：majority, means, occur, forbid, differ, make up, in addiction, take in, in favor of等。2、命题前沿：预计2009高考命题react, indicate, resist, object, undertake, accumulate, pay off是重要的命题点.另外,forbid尽管高考已考查

2、过,forbid doing sth.结构仍将是考查的重点。虚拟语气是山东省命题的考点之一，因此，2009年高考也应引起重视，特别是虚拟语气的一般规律。二、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。1 _ n. 手段，方法 2. _adj. 显然的，表面的 3. _ vt. 混合，搅拌 4. _ vi. 出现，发生 5. _ adj. 中心的，中央的6. _ vi. 反应，回应7. _ n. 移民8. _ vt. 指示，表明9. _ vt. 插入，嵌入10. _ v. 交换 11. _ vt.承担，从事 12. _n.突破 13. _ adj.任意的 14._ vi.反对，不赞成 15._

3、n.抵抗，对抗 16._ vt.禁止；不许17. _v.集聚；堆积18._ n.假设，设想19._ adv.仅仅，只，不过20. _ adv.大声地，出声地 三、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。 1. _习惯于新的生活方式，谋生2. _吸收，收容3. _与合作或一起工作 4. _用的办法，借助5. _某人想到6. in addition to _7. mark out _8. mix A with B _9. insert A into B _10. keep up _11. _ 使沮丧 12. _ to 反对 13. in _ of 赞成 14. be _ to do注定要 15.

4、 pay _ 还清，得到回报 16. _ 回顾 17. _ 复活 18.differ_sb./sth._sth.在某方面与不同 19. have a great impact on _20. make a great breakthrough _21. get through _22. be caution _ 对小心23. from time to time _24. be appropriate _ 适宜于四、核心单词1. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生(happen)，出现(exist, be found)，被想起提醒：是不及物动词，不能带宾语，不能用于

5、被动语态。拓展: 写出适当的词或用适当的词填空。(1)sth occurs _sb 某事被某人想起(come into ones mind)(2)it occurs to sb_ 某人想起(3)it occurs to sb _ do sth 某人想起做某事运用：用occur翻译下列句子(1)这一地区经常发生地震。_ frequently in this area.(2)这种植物不能在这里生存。Such plants dont_. (3)他突然想出了一个办法。Suddenly _ him.(4)我想到要去看看我的老师。_to visit my teacher. (5)我就要离开时，我想起来忘了

6、带钥匙。Just as I was leaving the house, _I had forgotten my keys.2. mix vt.& vi. 混合，掺和，调和；混淆，搞混 n. 混合，混乱She mixed the butter and sugar together. 她把奶酪和糖混在一起。The teacher always mixes me up with another student. 老师总是把我与另一位学生搞混。It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great.

7、人们认为过不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大。搭配 mixwith把和混合mix up 混淆，弄乱，搅拌，拌和运用 根据中文提示完成下列句子。(1)他以将中国传统音乐与西方的演奏形式和乐器相结合而著称。He is famous for_ Chinese musical tradi-tions _western forms and instrumentation. (2)许老师把我的成绩和别人的搞混了。Miss Xu _ my results with someone elses. 联想：mixture 混合物，混合状态3. indicate vt. 表示，指出，明示；显示迹象He indic

8、ated the need of practice.他指出了运用的必要性。The small red spots indicate measles.这些小红斑是麻疹的病症。辨析：indicate & show show在口语和笔语中都比indicate 常用得多。因为show的语义比较广泛，在非正式场合比indicate更常用。拓展：indication n. 迹象indicative adj. 表明的，象征的4. insert vt. 将插入，写入搭配 insert sth. in / into sth. 将插入Please insert a coin in / into the h

9、ole.运用 根据中文提示完成下列句子。应该在这个句子中插入一个词。A word_ should be inserted into the sentence5. differ vi. 相异，有差别搭配：用适当的词(主要是介词)填空。(1)differ (greatly/entirely)_和(大不/完全)不同(2)differ _ 就方面意见不同(3)differ _ sb. 与某人意见不同(4)agree_ differ 求同存异联想：指出下列词组的汉语意思。(1)be quite different from _(2)be much the same as_(3)be similar to

10、 _(4)make a difference _运用：用相关短语翻译下列句子。(1) 汉语和英语在发音上大不相同。Chinese_ English in pronunciation.(2) 他的看法和我的完全不同。His opinion_.(3) 我认为这台电脑不会起多大作用。I dont think this computer will 6. undertake ( undertook, undertook ) Vt. 从事，着手；答应，同意The lawyer undertook the case without a fee. 这位律师免费承担了这个案件。He undertook to b

11、e here at 10:00.他答应十点钟到这里。搭配:undertake to do sth.许诺做某事，同意做某事运用：翻译(1)他们已着手开创一番大事业。_.(2)他保证6个月内还钱。_.7. forbid v.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止，不许搭配:理解并熟记下列搭配。forbid sb sth 阻止某人某事forbid (doing) sth 禁止(做)某事forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事运用：完成下面句子。(1) No one can forbid _. 没有人能阻止我们走向未来。(2) I forbid _. 我不允许你进此房

12、。(3) We forbid _. 公园里禁止吸烟。(4) I _ anyone我不许你告诉任何人。(5) We forbid _(take) pictures here.我们这里禁止拍照。=_(take) pictures here is strictly forbidden.(6) Her parents forbid her _(go) to net barsShe is forbidden _(go) to net bars by her parents.温馨提示：forbid要用动名词，不可以用不定式作宾语， 但在复合结构中，宾补要用不定式。有类似用法的动词还有advise, all

13、ow, admit, encourage和permit等。We dont allow throwing waste in the campus. 我们不允许在校园里丢垃圾。We dont allow students to throw waste in the campus.我们不允许学生在校园里丢垃圾。8. bother vt.打扰，麻烦，困扰；n.烦恼，焦急U；令人烦恼的人或事物CDidnt they bother you? 他们没有烦扰你吧？Did you have much bother finding the houses? 你找到这所房子费劲吗？What a bother! Wev

14、e missed the bus. 真恼人！我们误了公共汽车。辨析：bother & trouble bother 主要指使人麻烦；trouble 意思更进一层，指使人苦恼。运用：完成下列句子。(1)他老是打电话给我，使我厌烦得很。His phoning me all the time_.(2)什么事令你忧虑不安-经济问题吗？Whats_-money problems? 9.resist vt. 抵制，反抗，忍住(诱惑等)Regular exercise can increase our power to resist disease.定期运动能提高我们的抗病能力。I couldnt

15、resist telling him the truth. 我禁不住告诉他那个秘密。搭配:理解并熟记下列搭配。resist sth./sb.抵抗 resist an attack resist doing sth. 忍住resist laughing 拓展：resistance n. 抵抗，反抗， resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的 resistless adj. 不可抵抗的，不反抗的五、重要词组1. take in 包括,构成; 理解,明白; 欺骗,诱骗; 收留The British Empire used to take in a quarter of the world. 大英

16、帝国曾囊括了全世界的四分之三。She was taken in by the man and gave him most of her money.她上了那个男人的当,把大部分钱给了他。拓展：填入一个适当的词。 (1)take _拿走,取走 (2)take _拿回,收回(3)take _当心,小心 (4)take _拿下,记下(5)take _脱下, 起飞(6)take _承担,呈现 (7)take _接手,接管(8)take _取出,拿出 (9)take _占去,占据(10)take _ 把当作 运用 请用由take构成的短语填空。(1)I couldnt _the meaning of t

17、he word.(2)The table _ too much room.(3)In the past five years, my hometown home-town 2. mark out 标出，划出A volleyball court had been marked out on the grass. 排球场已经在草坪画了出来。Theres a great drive marked out for tourists. 有一种专为旅游者制定的极好的驾车游活动。拓展 与mark搭配的短语。be marked by 具有的特征be marked on标记在mark time 混时间，消磨时间

18、；等待时机mark off 区别，区分mark down 记下mark up 给加价，在上写评注运用 请用由mark构成的短语填空。(1)Her writing is _ a subtle irony. (2)I was just _until a better job came up. (3)Compact disks may be _ as much as 80%. 3. by means of 以的方法提醒 类似意思的短语还有in this way 和with this method ，注意它们介词的搭配，使用不同的名词搭配不同的介词。拓展 与means搭配的短语by all means

19、 （口）当然可以by no means /not by any means 决不，一点也不a means to an end 达到目的的手段have the means to do sth. 有钱做某事beyond your means 超出自己的财力，负担不起within your means 负担得起means of transportation交通方式means of identification身份证明原件运用 使用上面的短语完成下列句子。(1)-Can I bring Alan to the party? -_.(2)对于杰夫来说，那份工作仅仅只是达到目的的手段。For Geoff,

20、 the job was simply a _. (3)Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska _ a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. (4)_ can we give in to the enemy. 4. object to 反对，不赞成注意：to为介词，后面接名词、代词、v-ing形式。Why do some people object to human cloning?为什么一些人反

21、对人类克隆的行为？We objected to leaving him alone.我们反对丢下他不管。拓展：objection n. 反对，异议；反对的理由objective adj. 客观的，不带偏见的5. pay off 还清；结清工资解雇(某人)；成功(be successful)Our plan certainly paid off; it was a great idea.我们的计划当然成功了，那是个很好的主意。After all these years, we've at last paid off all our debts. 经过这么多年，我们总算把债还清了。His

22、work was most unsatisfactory, so we paid him off at the end of the week. 他的工作非常差劲，因此我们在周末给他算清工资后就把他解雇了。拓展：用介词或副词填空。(1)pay _为付款/付出代价(2)pay _偿还，回报(3)pay _ (为货物或劳务)付出大笔款项(4)pay _ (不情愿或迟迟地)还清(债款)运用：完成下列句子。(1)为了那辆汽车我花了不少钱。 I _ a lot of money for that car. (2)你的计划成功了吗？Did your plan _? (3)你的这番好意我该怎么报答呢?How

23、 can I _ you _ for all your kindness? (4)他将为自己所做的一切付出代价。He'll have to _what he has done.6. be cast down感到泄气/沮丧Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 研究克隆的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。注意：cast cast-cast 搭配:理解并熟记下列搭配。cast sb.

24、into prison 把某人投进监狱cast a net 撒网cast a vote 投票caston/at 投射(光、视线等)，把加于He cast an eye at the woman. 他向那妇人看了一眼。7.be bound to do sth. 有 的义务， 注定要 The marriage on the basis of money is bound to break up. 建立在金钱基础上的婚姻肯定要破裂。Even when walking in the company of two other men, I am bound to learn from them. 三人行

25、，必有我师焉。搭配:be bound up in 专注于，忙于be bound up with 与有密切关系运用：翻译下列短语或句子，注意bound的意思。(1)a bound prisoner (2)We were bound for the West Coast. (3)Her heart bounded with joy. (4)The ball bounded back to me. (5)His curiosity knew no bounds. 6答案：Module 8 Unit 1 & Unit 2二、单词拼写 1.means2.apparent3.mix 4.occur5.central6.react7.immigrant 8.indicate9.inset10.swap 11.undertake12.breakthrough13.arbitrary14.object15.resist16.forbid17.accumulate18.assumption19.merely20.aloud四、词组互译1.make a life2.take in3.team up with 4.by means of5.sth. occur to sb6.除之外还有7.标出；规划出8.把A和B混合起来9.把A插入B中10.维持，坚持；使不掉下来11.ca