陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习

1、述句、疑问句、祈使句和感慨句讲解与练习一、述句 述句就是表达一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。 述句的分类 述句可以分为肯定式和否认式两种。1. 肯定式 第一种：主语 +谓语 +其他，如 Lucy likes playing sports. I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week. She can ride the bike. 第二种：主语 +系动词 +表语，如： This room is empty. We are good friends .2. 否认式 述句的否认式有以下三种： 第一种就是 Be 动词加，后面 not 构成否认句。

2、如： lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday. 第二种就是实义动词， 而且没有情态动词或助动时， 要用“ do/dose/did +not 构成否认。如： Idon litke music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit. 第三种：谓语动词为“助动词、情态动词 +实义动词时，要用“助动词 /情态动 词 +not 构成否认。如:I am not going to play computer games. Harry must not go to school at nig

3、ht. We can not go hiking with you this weekend.二、疑问句分为四种： 一般疑问句、 特殊疑问句、 选择疑问句和反义疑问句。1. 一般疑问句通常以 be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头，答复时用 Yes, No, 朗 读时要用升调。2. 特殊疑问句是对句子某一局部的疑问句。 特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句。疑问词有 who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。如： who is our classmate? What does Kate do on Sundays?Whose

4、 cat is it ? which bag will they buy? When did he go out ? Why don twe go together?Where were you last night ? How are you today?3. 选择疑问句的结构是提供两种或两种以上的情况， 供对方进展选择答复的句 子。选择疑问句的句式是：一般疑问句 +or +可选择局部。如： are the apples red or green ?选择疑问句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问句+0叶可选择局部。女口： which girl is taller ,Sally or Jessica?选

5、择疑问句的答复和特殊疑问句一样，不能用yes或no，要根据实际情况答复。朗读时，选择疑问句在 or前面的局部要用升调，句末要读降调。4. 反义疑问句的句式有两种，一种是：肯定句述句+否认结构的反意疑问句是在述句的后面，对述句所说的实施或看法提出疑问的句子。附加疑问句。如：you know him ,do nyou ?另一种是： 否认述句+肯定结 构的附加疑问句。如：Sa ndy cantspeaki ng En glish ,can he?反义疑问句也要用yes或No来答复。如果述句局部的容是事实，就用 yes 答复，后面相应的用肯定结构；如果述句局部的容不是事实，就用no来回答，后面跟否认结

6、构。在翻译时要注意 yes和no的意思。如: you know him ,don you? Yes ,I do .是，我认识。No， I don不，我不认识Sandy cantspeak English ,can he ? Yes ,he can 不，他会。No， he cant.是 的，他不会。在朗读时，述句局部用降调，附加疑问可以升也可以降。三、祈使句1. 什么是祈使句用来表示请示、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。女口： Sit down, please.Be careful!2. 祈使句的分类根据用途和功能，祈使句可以分为以下几类表请求。如： Close the wi ndow ,

7、please.表命令。如Stop talki ng!表提醒或警告。如： Look out !The car is comi ng.表邀请。如： Help yourself to some fish.表示禁止。如：Don spit ! No parki ng!四、感慨句的结构小学阶段的感慨句主要有how和what引导两种。1. How感慨句的结构：how +形容词/副词+主语+谓语，女口： how nice the boots are!2. what感慨句的结构：What +a/a n + 形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，如： what a pretty girl she is !但是如果是可

8、数名词复数或不可数名词，就可以去 掉句中的a/an.如: What expensive pens these are ! What pleasant weather it is!稳固练习()1. Where is the man?A. Un der the treeB. At 10:00C. Read a bookD. My mother()2. How do you go to school?根底题A. At 8:00B. IC. TodayD. By bike( )3. What he?A. Working B. His fatherC. At homeD. A teacher.( )4.

9、 What time do you get up every day?A. At home B. He C. Clean my bedroom D. At 7:00( )5. What she do this morning?A. is B. does( )6. How you do?A. areB. is( )7. Which is better, the red one _A. andB. or( )8. are you?Wonderful!A. How B. What( )9. is it today?It s Monday.A. What date B. What day( )10.

10、shall we go?In the moring.A. When B. WhoC. doD. didC. doD. did_ the blue one?C. butD. soC. WhoD. WhereC. What timeD. What languageC. WhereD. How()11. Excuse me ,can you tell me to get to the No. 1 Middle School?A. where B. which C. why D. how( )12. got the 100th gold metal in the Olympics for China?

11、- Zhang Yining .B. WhatC. WhenA. Who( )13 are you talking about?We are talking about the Asia Games in Guangzhou.A. What B. WhereC. Why( )14. do you visit your uncle?- once a week.A. How long B. How manyC. How often( ) 15. Excuse me! is the nearest bookshop?D. WhereD. HowD. How soonGo down the stree

12、t and turn left at the second corner?A. how B. what C. whereD. who( ) 16. is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How old B. How manyC. How muchD. How often() 17. are you going? I m going to the library.A. WhoB. WhichC. WhatD. Where( )1 8. ? It s eight.A. What day is itB. What s five

13、 and threeC. How old are youD. What s your telephone number( )1 9. shall we meet in the park?What about half past eight?A. What B. When C. Where D. Which( ) 20.a year does your school have sports meetings?Twice a year.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How manytimes提高题)1.I want to be a personYang

14、Liwei.A. How, likeB. How, asC. What, likeD. What, asare you going to be in the future?)2.A. How longB. how oftenC. How soonD. How wide)3. sweater is this?I think it s Peter s.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Whosewill your father be back? .)4.is the Con fucia n Temple 孔庙)from here?It s about 10 minuters walk

15、.)5.A. How many B. How longC. How muchD. How farmay I keep these book?two weeks.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How soonis it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?About two kilometers.A. How oftenB. How farC. How soonD. How long( )7. will the foreign students be back from NanJing.In two days, I

16、 think .D. How fastA. How soon B. How often C. How far( )8. ?-The one behind the tree.A. Whose girlB. Who sthat girl C. Which girlD. Where sthe girl( )9. the population of china?A. How manyB. WhatC. How sD. What s( )10. is she?A. WhomB. WhoC. WhichD. When( )11. is the best, Tom, Jack or Tim?A. Which

17、 B. Who C. Whom D.What( )12 . milk do you need?- Three cups.A. How many B. How muchC. WhatD. Where( ) 13. ? I ve got a headache aancdough.A. What s your trouble?B. What s wrong with it?C. Can I help you?D. How are you?Two cups.Behind the tree.A. Whose girlB. Who s that girl C. Which girlD. Where s t

18、hegirl)1.the price of the pen?It s two yuan.A. WhatB. HowC. what sD. What s)2. Whose room is this?A. HeB. himC. theirsD. they)3. Whereyou just now?A. wasB. areC. doD. were)4. WhoA. dance)5. How manyA. peoplesbest in his class?B. dancingare there?B. people)6. Could you tell me, howA. goB. goesC. danc

19、esC. sheepsto the bank?C. wentD is danceD. meatD. to go)7.the weather like?A. WhatB. HowC. How sD. What sA. doesB. areC. isD. am()9.are you going to have dinner toni ght?A. WhoB. WhereC. WhenD. What()10.do you go to Hong Kong?-sorry ,I ve never been there.A. How longB. How ofte nC. How farD. How soo

20、n对划线局部提问1. My mother goes to work by bike.your motherto work?2. There are six kites in the sky.are there in the sky?3. Classes begin at eight.classes?4. Its Sunday today.is it today?5. The cats are running up the tree.are the cats?6. He would like five cakes.would he like?7. They play football every Friday.they play football?8. Alla n will go back to En gla nd by pla ne n