往年高考英语语法必考考点(7)动词时态和语态

1、2019 年高考英语语法必考考点（7）:动词时态和语态含解析李仕才2019年高考英语语法必考考点07动词时态语态【考点解读】一、动词的时态1.一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语。Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive towork although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2)

2、表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象，无论在什么情 况下都用一般现在时表示。“ Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to ss“ because every step shows.”So what is the procedure?(3)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在时代替将All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision ismade by the authority.来时。My parents have promised to come to see me be

3、fore I leave for Africa.(4)表示按计划、 时刻表规定要发生的动作， 但限于少数 动词。 如 begin, come,leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等。The flight takes off at 2： 30 every Wednesday and Friday.2一般过去时(1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间 状语连用 (或上下文语境有暗示 )；用于表示过去的习惯；表 示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。I didn trealize then, but becoming a pi

4、lot makes me a better surgeon.Michael fasther always helped the poor as he believed it made everyonehappier.I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduatedfrom medical school.(2)注意句型： was/were about to do . when .中 when 后从 句的动词用过去式。I was about to go to bed when the telepho

5、ne rang.3现在完成时常 用 的 时 间 状 语 有 ： so far,recently,lately,once/twice/three .times, before, ever, by now,in thelast/past few years, over a long time, up to now, yet, already, just, since 等。主要用于以下几种情况：(1)表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Look! Somebody has cleaned the sofa. Well, it wasn t me. I didn t do it.(2)表示

6、从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或 状态。They have been good friends since they met at a meeting.Shakespeare s pHlaymlethas been made into at least ten different filmsover the past years.(3)下列句型中常用现在完成时。 It is (has been)+ 段时间+ since 从句This (That/It) is the first (second )time + that 从句This is the first time we have

7、seen a film in the cinema together as a family.在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作 When shall we restart our business? Not until we have finished our plan.4过去完成时(1)过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态。过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间，还 可能持续下去。常与for,since 等构成的时间状语连用。He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he had had i

8、t for a verylong time.We first met on a train in 2010.We both felt immediately that we had knowneach other for years.(2) 有些动词有时用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希 望、打算或意图。 这类动词常见的有： hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think 等。I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn ct atch the train.(3) 在特殊句式 hardly

9、/scarcely .when .; no sooner .than .中，主句常用过去完成时，该句式意为“一就；刚就”。Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.5将来完成时 将来完成时表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成， 常用的时间状语为“by 将来的某个时间”。 I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car. I know. By next month, he will have saved enough for a used one.6现在进行时 表示说

10、话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一 定是发生在讲话时的一个动作；表近期特定的安排或计划；go, come 等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时。You are always studying in the library. Why not have a picnic this afternoon?7过去进行时(1)过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某动作在某一阶段 内发生或频繁发生。 Did you catch what I said? Sorry. I was answering a text message just now. Have you finished readingJan

11、eEyre? No, I was doing my homework all day yesterday.(2)某一动作发生时另一动作正在进行，其中的持续性动 作用过去进行时，短暂性动作用一般过去时。I dont understand why you didn gto to the lecture yesterday afternoon.I m so sorry. But I was doing my homework.8现在完成进行时 (1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且现在还在进行。The girl has a great interest in sport and has

12、been taking badminton classestwice a week over the last three years.(2)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，在说话 时刚刚结束。Where have you been？ We have been looking for you everywhere.9将来进行时 将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作 或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时常与一 些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有： at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from1:30

13、to 4:30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrowCan I call you back at two oI msorry, but by then I will be flying to Beijing. Howabout five?二、动词的语态英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语 态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承 受者。做有关被动语态的题目可以分两步走：第一步确定正确 的时态，第二步确定正确的语态。判断用主动语态还是用被 动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的 clock this afternoon?关系：如果是主谓 关系则用主

14、动语态，如果是动宾关系则用被动语态。被动语态的构成（以 write 为例）时间一般时态进行时态完成时态现am/is/aream/is/arehas/have been在writtenbeing writtenwritten过was/werewas/were beinghad been去writtenwrittenwritten将shall/will:They got married last week.He fell and got hurt.2.主动形式表被动意义(1)系动词 look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove,

15、turn 等+形容词/名词。The dish tastes delicious.His plan proved (to be) practical.(2) 表示主语的某种属性的词：read, write, drive, sell, wash,clean, wear, open, shut 等, 其主语往往是物。What about the books?Books of this kind sell well.The door won t open.The pen writes smoothly.(3) be worth 后常接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。A lot of small town

16、s in the area are definitely worth visiting.(4)need, want, require, deserv 等动词后用动名词的主动形 式表示被动意义。Most house plants require regular watering.三、解题技巧 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，一 般占1 2 道题。命题思路有三： 一是直接给出标志性时间状 语，考生能依据所给时间状语作出选择； 二是给出时间状语， 但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间 状语作出选择， 需要结合语境判断； 三是没有任何时间状语， 需要借助于上下文语境，才能

17、作出正确判断。考生应熟知常用时态和被动语态的构成及用法。 高考题往 往不会涉及单一的时态语态，而是更多地侧重于时态的交叉 使用和呼应及与语态的结合使用。所以解题时一定要结合语 境，弄清时间的先后关系，可根据不同情况采取“找标 法” （ 寻找时间标志词 ）、“呼应法” （ 主从句时态呼应）、“搭 配法” （ 固定搭配）、“语境法”等解题技巧。1、识别标志词 如果题干中有标志性的时间状语，则往往可以根据时间 状语选择相应的时态。例 More than a dozen students in that school _abroad to study medicine last year.A. sen

18、t B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent解析 此题有明显的时间标志词 last yea，r 提示我们应该使用一般过去时；句中的主语 students 是被送的对象，应该使用被动语态。答案为B。动词的时态一般都有其相应的时间状语，请同学们熟记下列 8 种常用时态所对应的时间状语：(1)一般现在时： often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day 等。(2) 一般过去时： then, yesterday, last week, after that, ago, in thefollowing/next fe

19、w months 等。(3) 现在进行时： now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days 等o(4) 过去进行时：then, at that time, at this time yesterday 等。(5) 现在完成时： recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in thepast/last few months/years,for-+ since段时一点时间等。(6)过去完成时：beforeb,y the end of last month/years(7) 一般将来时： tomo

20、rrow, to day, next week/month , in anhour, in the coming/following few weeks 等。(8) 过去将来时： the following month, the next week 等。命题角度及对策 高考测试动词时态须与句中时间状语一 致时，常在题干中加入具体情景，以测试考生对动词时态知 识的实际运用能力。敏锐捕捉时间标志词，并结合具体的语境，选择出正确的动词时态，是解决此类问题的良策2、 主从时态须呼应 如果所给题干是主从复合句， 可根据主从句时态呼应的 原则选出正确的时态。命题角度及对策：近年来高考考查主从句的时态呼应时

21、,常放在真实的并且符合实际的语境中进行考查。在根据时态呼应原则解题时， 要把握好以下几点 :(1)在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般 将来时， 一般过去时表示过去将来时 ,用现在完成时表示将来 完成时。(2)正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的时间， 并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。(3) 解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时， 考生应熟知以下规 则：主句动词为现在时，则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时 态；主句动词为过去时，则从句动词须用恰当的过去的某种 时态 (表示客观真理时使用一般现在时 )。3、仔细体会语境 近年来高考试题对时态语态考查的要求越来越高，大部 分试题趋向情境化、实际化

22、，因此，仔细体会所给语境，根据具体语境选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。例： Do you think we should accept that offer? Yes, we should, for we_ such bad luck up till now,and time_ out.A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run【答案解析】 A 。由时间标志词 up till now 知道，动作 是从过去延续到现在， 所以第一空要用现在完成时;而根据语

23、境可知时间快要耗光了，所以第二空要用进行时表将来。 Can you tell me the timetable of the _school bus? Well, the bus _ here for the _ campus at 7:00a.m.A. will leave B. left C.is leaving D. leaves【答案解析】 D 。考查时态，“校班车的时间表”是规 定好的事情，表示一般性动作用一般现在时。【真题分析】一、单项选择1. （2018 北京卷）一 Hi, I m Peter. Are you new here? I haven t seen youaround

24、?Hello, Peter. I m Bob. I just_ on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态句意；一 ,我是彼得”你是新来的吗？找没有在附近见过你你好，彼得。 眞是匏勃我周一刚刚开始住在弦 JL根据两人谈话内容可知Bob 现在在这儿，地开始（stait）住在这儿是 发主在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态C 选项正确。2. （2018 北京卷）Susan had quit her well-paid job and_ as a volunteer in t

25、he neighborhood when I visited herlast year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. hadworked【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：Susa n 已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在地当志愿者之前，是过去完时态，过去完时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语when I visitedher last year 可知，Susan 做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B 选项正确3. （2018 北京卷）Chin

26、a high-speed railways_from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown【答案】B【解析】考查时态句意；在过去的几年里.中国的高速铁路已经从 9000 公里熔长 a 25.OOT 公里。该句 时间状谱为 in 血盟 si few y 翎假中園高速铁路的増长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该旬应用现在 完成时态 0 B 选项正确匚4. （2018 北京卷 A rescue worker risked his

27、life saving twotourists who_in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trapped C. were trappingD. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语和付态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危 险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“ who_ inthe mountains for two days”是定语从句 twd 修饰 rists ；two tourists 和 tap 之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由 risked 可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情， 被困两

28、天发生 在营救人员救了他们之前， 即过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D 选项正确。5. （2018 -天津卷）My washing machine_ this week, so Ihave to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. has been repaired【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句 so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动

29、语态。 故选 C。6.（2018江苏卷）Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we _ more convenient electroniccommunication tools by then.A. have developed B. had developed C. will have developed D. developed 【答案】 C【解析】考查时态。句意：希望在2025 年，我们不再互相发电子邮件，因为到那时候我们将开发更方便的电子通信工 具。根据时间状语 in2025，可知用将来时；再根

30、据时间状语 by then 到那时，可知用完成时。 结合两者可知用将来完成时。 故选 C。7.（2018江苏）I was sent to the village last month to see how the development pl anin thepast two years.A. had been carried out B. would be carried out C. is being carried out D. hasbeen carried out 【答案】 A 【解析】考查时态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语las

31、tmonth 和 in the past two years 可知用过去完成时。故选A。8. (2017江苏卷 He hurried home, never once looking back tosee if he_.A. was being followed B. was following C. had beenfollowed D. followed【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。follow 是动宾关系即他被别人跟踪排除 B/E 根据句意“在匆忙 赶回冢的路上他从未回头看是否祓跟踪3用过去进行时最合适，故选氐句意；他匆勿忙忙往家赶，就 星不回头看一看是否有人跟跨自己。9. (

32、2017北京卷 eople_ better access to health care thanthey used to, and they re living longer as a result.A. will have B. have C. had D. had had【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，结果他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以 than 前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选 B。10. (2017北京卷 n the 1950s in the USA, most families hadjust one

33、phone at home, and wireless phones_ yet.A. haven t invented B. haven t been inventedC. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】 D【解析】考查时态语态。句意：在美国 20 世纪 50 年代的时 候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本 没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除AC,事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D ，过去完成时的被动语态。二、单句填空1. (2018 新课标卷)While running regularly c

34、an make you liveforever, the review says it _ (be)more effective atlengthening life than walking ,cycling or swimming.【答案】 is【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：虽然经常跑步不能 使你永远活着，但是评论说经常跑步在延长生命这方面比步 行更有效。此处用一般现在时表示客观事实， it 是第三人称 单数，故答案为 is。2. (2018 新课标卷)Diets have changed in China-and so toohas its top crop. Since 2011

35、, the country_ (grow) morecorn than rice.【答案】 has grown【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。 由句中的时间状语 since 2011 可知用现在完成时，主语 the country 是单数，故答案为 has grown。3. (2018 新课标 III 卷)True to a gorillas unaggressivenature,the huge animal_ (mean)me no real harm.【答案】meant【解析】考查动词的时态。由上下文可知此处用一般过去时，动词用过去时，故答案为meant。4. (2018 浙江卷 I sti

36、ll remember visiting a friend whod livedhere for five years and I_(shock) when I learnt she hadntcooked once in all that time.【答案】was shocked【解析】考查被动语态。句意；我仍然记得我拜访过在这里住了五年的 T 朋克并且当我得舸&甚至一 次部没有做过饭的时 fi 此我被露惊了。此处我林一个事实所霍惊到，用被动语态句子是一般过去时 尿动 i 司用 was,加上 it 去分词 shocksd,故答来为 wasstwcksi5. (2017 新课标 I 卷)Whe

37、n fat and salt 64 (remove)from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.【答案】 are removed【解析】考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又 fat and salt 是动词 remove 的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。6. (2017 新课标卷)Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in asystem of deep tunnels (隧道),which became kn

38、own to the tube.【答案】managed【解析】考查动词时态。因为engineers 与 manage 之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed7. (2017 新课标山 卷)Sarah 63 (tell) that she could beBritain s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year 【答案】has been told/was told【解析】考查动词时态和语态。 此处动词 tell 与 Sarah 是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah 的想法时都是用现在时，因此

39、可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以 填 has been tolc。此外，“被告知”这件事情发生在过去，故也可填 was told。8. (2017 新课标 III 卷)But at the moment, school _ 69(come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling.【答案】comes【解析】考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school 是第三人称单数，故填 comes。9. (2017浙江卷 ahlsson and her husband 62 (search)the kitchen, checking

40、every corner, but turned up nothing.【答案】searched【解析】考查动词的时态。根据本段的基本时态为一般过去 时及语境可知，此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动 作. 故填 searched10. （2016 新课标 I 卷）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage atthe not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62（allow） to get up close to these cute

41、animals at the 600-acre centre.【答案】was allowed【解析】考查时态和语态。分析句子結构可禺主语【与动词込 w 之间存在被动关系，且前一句的 wr 表明此边应用一般过去时，故埴 w 亞三、单句改错1. （2018 新课标卷） During my last winter holiday, I went to the countrysidewith my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.【答案】find fotund【解析】考查时态，上文有时间状语last winter h

42、oliday,可知用过去时态，故答案为find 改为 found。2. （2018 新课标卷）I didnt realize how right my parents are until I enteredhigh school.【答案】aretwere【解析】I didnt realize how right my parents are 的 are 改为 were。3. （2018 新课标 卷）It was Monday morning, and the writing class had justbegin.【答案】 begintbegun【解析】句意：这是周一的早晨，写作课刚刚开始。过

43、去完成时 had+过去分词，而 begin 是动词原形，故答案为begin改为 begun。4. （2017 新课标 I 卷）1 thought I had learned the instructorsorders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank.【答案】 goes f went【解析】考查时态。本文讲述作者 18 岁生日后的那个暑假发生的事情，且通篇以过去时为主。此处应用一般过去时，故把goes 改为 went。5. （2017 新课标 II 卷）When summer comes, they will invitetheir

44、students to pick the fresh vegetables!【答案】 amefcomes【解析】考查动词时态。因为主句部分为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使用一般现在时表将来意义。6. （2017 新课标 卷）About one month after this photo wastook, I entered my second year of high school and become anew member of the school music club.【答案】 tookftake becomefbecame【解析】考查语态* ptoto 与 take 为被

45、动关系：故应用被动语态。take 的过去分词是 taken。查动词时态。 哉 TS 入高中第二学年并成为学核音乐俱乐部滴成貝这一系列动作发生在过去， 所以谓 语动词应用 tweamec7. （2016 新课标 I 卷）It is always crowded with customers at成时 had+过去分词，而 begin 是动词原形，故答案为beginmeal times. Some people even had to wait outside.【答案】 had have【解析】考查时态。整篇文章都是以现在时态写的 , 所以需 将一般过去时改为一般现在时。8. （2016新课标卷）

46、Some classmates suggest we should go toplaces of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.【答案】 thought think 。【解析】考查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主 , 故此处应用一般现在时。9. （2016 新课标 HI 卷）However, my parents didnt seem to think so. Theyalways tell me what to do and how to do it.【答案】 tell told【解析】考查语篇中时态的一致性。全文

47、中心时态为一般过去时, 故应将 tell 改为 told。10. （2018 ） Both Dad and I planned to do something onMothers Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, andthen went shopping.【答案】 get got【解析】前句与后句都是过去时 , 所以用一般过去时。对点测试】、单项选择1. （2018 海淀二模）How was your vacation in Seattle?Pretty good. In the evenings I_ t

48、o pubs to enjoybeer.A. have gone B. goC. had gone D. went【答案】D【解析】 考查日址。 句倉:一你在西雅厨的假朗怎么样丁 一目当好。 晩上我去滔吧里喝啤潜:由僦啲 was your畑血）11 词扯第二个说话者在西雅團度假是过去的事情晩上去滔吧唱啤酒是在西雅團度假时的行为, 故该空应用一般过去时态夕故 D 选 I 页正确2. （2018 海淀二模）He messed the project up, but he behaved asif no thi ng_ .A. had happenedB. happenedC. would happ

49、en D. would have happened【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他把这个项目搞糟了，但他表现的好像什么也没发生一样。as if 引导的从句表示与事实相反的情况时，应用虚拟语气。该句表示对过去的虚拟，根据 as if 的虚拟规则，该处应用过去完成时态。A 选项正确。3. （2018 -海淀二模）By now 516 Confucius Institutes_in142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.A. foundedB. would foundC. hav

50、e been founded D. had been founded【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：根据孔子学院总部的统计， 到现在为止，全世界 142 个国家和地区已经建立了 516 个孔 子学院。主语 516 ConfuciusInstitutes 7 和 foud 之间是被动关 系，该句应用被动语态。且by now 做时间状语，谓语动词应用现在完成时态。综上，该空应填have been founded C 选项正确。4. （2018 海淀二模）I_ up my mind what I was going to sayin the seminar, but it was cance

51、lled.A. have made B. had madeC. was making D. would make【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意:我已经决定了在研讨会上要说什么但島聊讨会褲取消了 “血血 up oneminer 这个行为岌生在研讨会被取消之前， 根抿 5 咱逊厨血诃粗 研讨会被取消是过去的事情， 那么， makeup one 活 mind 是发生在过去某个动作之前的行為.故该空应用过去完成时态。B 选项正确。5. （2018 天津市一中）The singer s music videonearly 9 million times since it was posted on t

52、he Internet four weeks ago.A. viewed B. has viewedC. was viewed D. has been viewed【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态辨析。 A. viewed, 一般过去式；B. was viewed 过去式的被动语态； C. has viewed,现在完成式；D. has been viewed,现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四 个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的 访问量达到了将近 9 百万次。since 从句用一般过去时，主句 用现在完成时 has done 形式，又因 music video 是被访问

53、的， 故要用被动语态。故选D。6. （2018 滨海 7 校联考）一 Is Peter coming?No, he_ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A. changes B. changedC. was changing D. had changed【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：彼得来了吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。 根据 at the last minute 在最后一秒可能发生在过去，故用一般过去时。考点：考查动词的时态。7. （2018 江苏 97 校联考）一 Dora, do you think Jack sp

54、roposal reasonable?I m sorry I have missed that, but actually I_ aboutanother one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：-多拉，你认为杰克的建议合理吗？-对不起，我没听见。实际上我刚才在考虑另外一种想法。表示刚才正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选D.8. （2018 江苏 97 校联考）You look pretty tired today!I _ an environmental report ove

55、r the last few days,which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D【解析】考査动词时态。句熱-你今天看起来很累！-在过去的几天里我一直在写一个环墳报告这个报 告明天应要提交给老板。表示从几天前幵始一宜进行持 g 毎 U 现在的动作，用现在完成进行 G 九故选 D9. （2018 江苏淮海中学等）You look pretty tired today!I _ an environmental report

56、 over the last few days,which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：-你今天看起来很累！-在过去的几天里我一直在写一个环境报告，这个报告明天应要 提交给老板。表示从几天前开始一直进行持续到现在的动作，用现在完成进行时，故选D.10. （2018 江苏盐城中学等）一 Dora, do you think Jack s proposalreasonable?I msorry

57、 I have missed that, but actually I _about another one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：-多拉，你认为杰克的建议合理吗？-对不起，我没听见。实际上我刚才在考虑另外一种想法。表示刚才正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选D.二、单句填空1.（2018 河南南阳一中）Richthoften named the trade and communicationnetwork the Silk Road. Since then the t

58、erm 43 （accept） globally.【答案】 has been accepted【解析】考查时态和语态。由Since then 可判断出用现在完成时，且 the term 与 accept 之间是被动关系，所以用现在完 成时的被动语态，填 has been accepted2. （2018河南郑州市一中 This opening led to a cave, so theydecided to have a look around it. The walls of the cave were44_ (cover) with ancient art.【答案】covered【解析】本

59、题考查了动词变型。句意为：洞窟里面是壁画。此题是动词变型题，墙壁被画作覆盖。应当用被动语态。确定答案 covered。3. (2018 河南郑州市一中)These paintings look exactly thesame as the Lascaux Cave Paintings. People 50 (make) the paintings so thateveryone can still learn about this great ancient civilization.【答案】(have) made【解析】本题考沓了时态。句意为：人们制作了相同的壁画，臥供大家欣瓠此题是态亂仿制

60、壁画是 过去的事配所臥用一般过去时，因为已经对现在产生了影响，所臥还可次考虑现在完成P办确走答案 g 岡 mdcc4. (2018 重庆市一中)Since the Ming Dynasty, its estimatedthat the Forbidden City_ 44_ (survive) more than 200earthquakes.【答案】has survived【解析】考查时态，根据句意：自明朝以来，据估计紫禁城已经经历了超过200 次的地震。用现在完成时态，故填hassurvivedo5. (2018 河南郑州市)Building on German scientist Alb