八年级英语下册Reviewofunits45知识讲解

1、实用精品文献资料分享八年级英语下册 Review of units 4-5知识讲解Review of units 4-5一. 重点词汇短语 1. as well asas well as 同，和，也；既.也. 。女口：Johncan speak Chin ese as well as Fren ch.约翰会说法语，也会说中文。It is importa nt for you as well as for me.它不仅对我重要，对你也是一样。We shall travel by night aswell as by day.我们白天、晚上都要赶路。as well 在口语中用得很多，用法和 too

2、 完全一样，可以互换，通常位于句末。女口：She not only sings also plays the piano as well . 她不但会唱歌，而且会弹钢琴。I can do it as well . 这事我也能做。2. “ see sb. do sth.”意思是“看见某人做过什么”，它强调动作完成了，而“ see sb. doi ng sth. ”意思是“看 见某人正在做什么”，它强调动作正在进行。例如：I saw him cross ing the street.我看见他正在过马路。Isawhim cross the street.我看见他过马路了。I heard himsin

3、ging in the next room.我听见他在隔壁唱歌。I heardhim sing in the next room.我听见他在隔壁唱歌了。3. worth是一个只能作表语的形容词，意为“值的”、“相当于的价 值的”。由于它类似介词，须后接名词或动名词（有被动的含义）作 宾语。女口：The used car is still worth $200. 这辆二手车依然值 200 美元。Is the exhibition worth a visit/ visit ing ? 这个展览会值得去参观吗？Its not worthgett ing angry with him.犯不着跟他生气。

4、It is nt worthwait ing for him.不值得等他。4. whe n/whilewhe n既可用于一点时间（从句的谓语动词需用终止性动词），也可用于一 段时间（从句的动词用延续性动词），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所 表示的动作或状态能同时发生或一先一后分别发生。例如：He wants to help people whe n they are ill.他想在人们生病时帮助他们。Whenhe got to Shanghai, the ship had already实用精品文献资料分享set off.他到达上海时，轮船已经开走了。while 只能用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动词

5、必须是延续性的），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作只能同时发生，不能一前一后发生。例如：One day while they were work ing in the fields，some farmers saw somethi ng stra nge in the sky.有一天，一些农民在田间劳动的时候，看见空中有些奇怪的东西。While Iwas reading ，my mother was washing clothes. 我读书时，我妈妈 在洗衣服。这两个词还可以用作并列连词。 when 是“在那时”或“这时突然”（and just at that time）的意思，用来连接两

6、个并列分句，有时 when 分句前有逗号把前后两个分句分开。例如：An Arab was walking alone through the desert whenhe met two me n.有个阿拉伯人正独自在沙漠里行走，这时他碰见了两个人。I stayed tillsun set，whe n it bega n torai n.我一直呆到太阳下山，天开始下雨了。while 意为“而，却”，表示对照关系。例如：In stead ，heasked his father why he was not able to hatch chicke ns while hens could.他反而问他

7、父亲，为什么他不能孵出小鸡，而母鸡去卩能。5. in stead 禾口 in stead ofin stead 是副词，意为“代替”，“顶替”，在句中作状语。例如：Ifyou are busy , you may come ano ther day in stead . 要是你忙的 话，就改日再来吧。He n ever studies . In stead , he playsall day and all night . 他不学习，而整日整夜地玩。in stead of 是介词短语，表示“代替”的意义时，常常和 in place of 互换使用，其后常可用名词、代词、动名词；in stead

8、 of 还含有“对 比”的意思。女口：Give methat dictio nary in steadof this one.把那本字典给我而不是这一本。（代替）I wantto fly to Being in stead of tak ing a train.我想坐飞机去北京不想坐火车去（代替）This book is dull in stead ofin teresti ng.这本书不但无趣，反倒枯燥无味。（对比）Inthe mor ning , we get up early in stead of late. 早晨我们起早实用精品文献资料分享不起晚。（对比）6. be good for

9、 禾口 be good atbe goodfor 意为“有益于”，“对有用”，后面接名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式；be good at 意为“在方面好”，“擅长于”，后面也可接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式。例如：This medici ne is good for fever.这种药对治疗发烧有效。This kind of wood is good for making boxes.这种木料适合用来做箱子。He is good at En glish.他英语学得好。Tom is good at swimming.汤姆很会游泳。7. too to意为“太.而不能”，表示否定。女口：He

10、 is tooexcited to say a word.他激动得一句话也说不出来。toonot to意为“太.不能不”，表示肯定。女口：You are too an gry n ot to say it.你在气愤之下，不免要说出这样的话来。He is too careful not to have noticed it .他那么细心，不会不注意到这一点的。This coffee is too hotnot to drunk . 咖啡不是太烫，可以喝。not tooto意为“并非太而不能”，表示肯定。女口：Hisgran dfather is not too old to do so.他祖父并

11、非老到不能做这事。 二.重点语法I.直接引语和间接引语直接引语变间接引语就是写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语，要注意以下几点: 人称变化、时态变化、时间以及地点变化。在直接引语中 在间接引语中 指示代词 this these that those 时间状语now today yesterday lastweek tomorrow next year a few days ago then that day the day before theweek before the n ext day the n ext yeara few days before 地点状语 here there 动词时态

12、一般现在时 现 在进行时现在完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 一般过 去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 过去将来时 动 词变化 will/may/can mustcome bring would/might/could had to go take1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，由连词 that 弓 I 导例如：The teacher said，“ I amvery happy to hear then ews.f The teacher said that he was very happy to实用精品文献资料分享hear the news. （注意人称、时态

13、的变化）2.直接引语是-般、选择或反问疑问句，变成间接引语，由连词 whether 或 if 弓 I 导例如：He asked me，“ Are you free tomorrow? ”THe asked meif/whether I was free the next day. （注意人称、 时态及时间状语的变化）3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语， 由相应的疑问词引导， 女口 who, whom what， whose, how, when, why,where 等。例如：Jenny asked me “ Whereis Mary from? ”TJenny asked mewhere

14、 Mary was from.（注意：间接引语一定要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。）4.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并 在动词不定前加 tell , ask, order 的宾语。例如：“Be careful ”，the teacher said.TThe teacher told us to becareful.My teacher asked me ,“ Don t laugh. ”TMyteacher asked me not to laugh.（注意： 否定句，在动词不定式前加 not）5.直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如

15、：They told their son,“The earth goes round the sun. ”TThey told their sonthat the earth goes round the sun.II. 现在进行时表示将来的时间1.用 be doing 表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词，女口： go, come leave ,arrive 等，也可用于其他动作动词。女口：We arehaving fish for dinner.我们晚饭吃鱼。Weare moving toa differe nt hotel the day after

16、tomorrow.后天我们会去另外一个旅馆。这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。A:Where are you going?B: I am going for a walk. Are youcoming with me?A: Yes , I am just coming. Wait for me.2.现在进行时表示将来和用be going to表示将来意思比较接近，实用精品文献资料分享但是现在进行时更强调事先已安排好，即将去做的事情，而 be going to 一般只表示打算做某事，有做某事的意图。我们来看两个例子：女口：She is h

17、av ing a meeti ng at 9 tomorrow.她明天早晨 9 点有个会。We are leaving for London next week.我们下周出发去伦敦。这两个句子里就是用现在进行时表示将来已经安排好要做的事情。三.检测练习I .选词填空。实用精品文献资料分享用方框中所给词或词组的适当形式填空， 每个词或词组只能使用一次。old，win，see, howlong，with , in , be 1. _thehelp of our teacher ，weve made great progress.2. “Whatcan_ from the space? ”“ Sor

18、ry， I don t know. ”3. Zhaozhou Bridge is the_stone bridge in the world.4. He has_away for half an hour. 5. I dont thi nk it easy for us_ the football match.6.The lady_ red is going to get married soon.7. “_ will the hot weather last? ”“ | hope not tooIong. ”II.单项选择。从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1. I was readi n

19、g a n ewspaper_ he came in.A. as soonas B. sinceC. whileD. whe n2. Bill isnthere. Hes lateA. usuallyB. as usuallyC. sousualD.as usual3. He was ill butA.refused toleave hisoffice B. asked forleave C. asked for helpD. asked his boss for half a days leave4. This shirt isso nice , but ittoo much.A. pays

20、 B. costsC. takesD. spends5. Whatin teresti ngbook itisA. a B. an C. theD. /6. Li Ming is a new stude ntin our class. He_ here for only a mon th. A. has comeB. has beenC. cameD. was 7. This is a busystreet , we see buses_all the time. A. came and wentB. to comea nd go C. comea nd go D. comesa nd goe

21、s 8. Whileshe_, she cut herself.A. was cookingB. cookedC. had cooked D. cooks 9. -You look tired , Sue.-Y es. I_ last night.A. did nt sleep wellB.have n t slept well C. had nt slept wellD. dont sleep well10. David often gets first in exams, but this time he_some of his classmates.A. fellbehindB. fel

22、l down实用精品文献资料分享C. fell over D. fell off 皿.阅读理解。根据短文内容，从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。the oldest gamesin the world. An Arab traveler in India in the year 900wrote that it was place“ long ago ” . Chess wasprobably inven ted in In dia, and it has bee n played everywherefrom Japa n to Europe si nee 1400. The n ame“

23、 chess” isin teresti ng. Whe n one player is attack ing the others ki ng,he says , in English ，“ check”. When the king has been caught andcannot move any where, he says，“ checkmate” . These words comefrom Persian. “Shah mat” means “the king is dead” . That is when thegame is over , and one player ha

24、s won.Such anold game cha nges very slowly. The rules have not always bee n the sameas they are now. For example , at one time the queen could only moveone square at a time. Now she is the stron gest piece on the board. It couldbe in terest ing to know why this has happened! Chess takes time andthou

25、ght , but it is a game for all kinds of people. You dont have to be achampi on（冠军）in order to enjoy it. It is not always played by two people sitti ng at thesame table. The first time the America ns beat the Russia ns was in amatch played by radio. Some of the chess masters are able to play amongman

26、y people at the same time.The record was whe n one man played 400 games! It is said thatsomepeople play chess by post. This must take chess the slowest gameinthe world. 1. Which of the following is knownto be true?A. Chess is an old Indian traveling game. B. Chess is the oldestgame in the world. C.

27、Chess was played in Japa n and Europe before1400.D. Chess was played in India before 900.2. Oneplayer has won the gamewhen_ . A. he attacks the otherplayers ki ng B. he says some Persia n wordsC. the otherplayers king can not moveanywhere D. he says “check” to the otherChess must be one of实用精品文献资料分享

28、player 3. Which of the followi ng is NOT correct?A.All kinds of people can play chess sitting at the same table.B. Only two people can play chess sitt ing at the same table.C. Some people write to each other play ing chess.D. TheRussia n lost the game played by radio.4. Accord ing to theold rule of

29、the game_ . A. the queen was the strongestpiece on the board B. the king had to be attacked all the timeC. the quee n could move no more tha n one square at a timeD.The chess was a game only for the quee nIV.完形填空。通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选择 能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。It was Mon day. Mrs. Smithsdog was 1，but

30、there was not any meat in the house. Thinkingthat there was no 2 way，Mrs. Smith took a piece of paper，and wrote thefollowi ng words3 it: “ Give my dog half apound of meat. ” Then she gave the paper to her dog and said:“ 4 this to the butcher（卖肉者），and hes going to give youyour lu nch today. ”5 the pi

31、ece of paper in its mouth，the dog ran to the butchers shop. It gave the paper to the butcher. Thebutcher read it6，recognized（ 辨认）that itwas 7 the ladys han dwrit ing and soon did8 he wasasked to. The dog was very happy ，and ate the meat up at once. Atmidday，the dog came to the shop aga in .It gave t

32、he butcher a piece ofpaper again. After reading it ，he gave half a pound of meat 9 . The nextday ，the dog came again just at midday. And as usual，it brought a pieceof paper in the mouth. This time ，the butcher did not take a look at thepaper，andgave the dog 10 meat，for he had regarded the dog as one

33、 of hiscustomers （ 顾客） . But， the dog came again at four oclock. And the samething happened once again，To the实用精品文献资料分享butchers surprise ，it camefor the third time at six oclock. The butcher 11puzzled（ 疑惑） .He said to himself ， “ This is a small dog. Whydoes Mrs.Smith give it so much meat to eat tod

34、ay? ”Looking12 the piece ofpaper，he found thatthere were not any words there.1. A. hungryB.实用精品文献资料分享thirstyC. hotD. ill2. A. ano therB. otherC. othersD. the other3. A.un derB. i nC. onD. above4. A. TakeB. BringC. GetD.Carry5. A. Picki ngB. Havi ngC. Dropp ingD. Holdi ng6. A. carefullyB. quietlyC.sl

35、owlyD. clearly7. A. possiblyB.reallyC. exactlyD. stron gly8. A.whe nB. likeC. asD. after9. A. tooB. alsoC. againDeither10. A. itsB. hisC.himselfD. it11A. feltB. turnedC. stayedD. kept12. A. atB. forC. intoD. upV.根据适号内的要求，完成下列句型转换：1. The baby has four meals a day.（对划线部分提问）meals a daythe baby_ ?2. Li nda is watchi ng carefully.（改为感叹句）_watching!3. Thechildre n stopped play ing. They saw the teacher coming in.（合并成一个复合句）The children stopped playing _they saw the teacher coming in. 4. Mr Lisaid somethi ng at the meet ing.（改为一般疑问句）_Mr Li_ at the meeting?5. Mothersaid，“ Do