2019届人教版高考英语总复习（练习）：专题2第1讲 时态、语态

1、.第一讲时态、语态考察动词的各种时态根本定义最重要 示之以范 _原那么这样运用12019·全国卷Fast food _be full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.is解析：此处表示客观事实，应用一般如今时，故填is。22019·浙江卷While online shopping _change our life, not all of its effects have been positive.h

2、as changed解析：主语是online shopping，结合语境以及后面的have been可知，这里要用如今完成时。32019·浙江卷Silk _become one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.had become解析：by about 100 BC是时间状语，这里强调到公元前一百年为止，所以要用过去完成时。42019·天津卷Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _t

3、each a class at that time.will be teaching解析：at that time提示此处表示将来的某个详细时间正在发生的动作。52019·北京卷 Jack _work in the lab when the power cut occurred.was working解析：表示过去某时正在发生的事情，应用过去进展时。62019·太原一模At first, both of them joined together and the frog_lead his friend towards the pool in which he lived,

4、and didnt stop until he reached the side of the water.led解析：考察动词时态。与上文joined照应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。72019·全国卷When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!_camecomes解析：主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般如今时表示将来，故用comes。82019·四川卷Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mot

5、hers Day. We get up early in the morning._getgot解析：根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。 通关点击 _原那么这样解读高考考试说明规定掌握的十二种时态的根本用法1表示经常性或习惯性动作、客观事实或存在的状态要想到用一般如今时；As we all know, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围着太阳转。来源:Zxxk 2表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态要想到用一般过去时；When I was at school, I often went to the cinema

6、on Sundays.我上学时，周日经常去看电影。3表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态要想到用一般将来时；Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters, is going to visit Beijing this summer.史密斯博士将在今年夏天和他的妻子、女儿们一起游览北京。4表示在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态要想到用过去将来时；I told him that I would see him the next day.我告诉他第二天会见他。5表示如今或现阶段正在进展的动作要想到用如今进展时；I dont actuall

7、y work here. I am helping out until the new secretary comes.我实际上不在这里工作。我目前在这里帮助一直到新秘书来。6表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进展的动作要想到用过去进展时；I walked slowly through the market, where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.我渐渐地走过市场，市场里人们在卖各种各样的水果与蔬菜。我

8、认真地研究了价格之后，买了些我所需要的。7表示将来某一时间正在进展的动作要想到用将来进展时；I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I will be flying to Beijing.我感到很冲动！明天上午这个时候我正在飞往北京。8表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其产生的影响或结果如今还存在；或持续到如今的动作或状态要想到用如今完成时；Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years.在过去的10年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。9表示过去某一时间或动作之

9、前已经发生或完成，即“过去的过去时要想到用过去完成时；Before he went to college, he had read several English books.他上大学前就读过好几本英文书。10表示某一动作到将来某个时间完成，上下文中常含有by短语时要想到用将来完成时；By the time I graduate from college, I will have been in the city for eight years.到大学毕业时，我就在这个城市待了8年了。11表示一个从过去就开场一直延续到如今并有可能继续下去的动作要想到用如今完成进展时；In order to f

10、ind the missing child, villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.为了找到那个失踪的孩子，过去的五小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切。12表示从过去某一时间以前一直在进展的动作要想到用过去完成进展时。When I got home, I saw Jacks hands were dirty. He had been playing with mud.我到家时看见杰克的手很脏。他此前一直在玩泥巴。时间状语很有效 示之以范 _原那么这样运用12019·全国卷My dad think

11、s I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school _come es解析：由时间状语at the moment可知，这里是指如今发生的事情，因此用一般如今时。22019·北京卷People _have better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.have解析：这里讲述的是一个客观事实，应用一般如今时。主语是表示复数意义的people，故填have。32019·北京卷In

12、the last few years，China _make great achievements in environmental protection.has made解析：句意：在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经获得了宏大的成就。根据时间状语In the last few years可知用如今完成时。42019·浙江嘉兴根底测试By that time，she _accept by Yale University and Harvard University in the US.had been accepted解析：根据by that time可知，此处用过去完成时，sh

13、e与accept之间为被动关系，故填had been accepted。52019·全国卷I had grown not only physically but also mentally in the past few years._hadhave解析：由时间状语in the past few years可知，此处应用如今完成时。 通关点击 _原那么这样解读有些题目本身就带有明确的时间状语，要学会利用这些时间状语来解题。1看到always, every time, now and then, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等表示频率的时间状语，要

14、想到用一般如今时；2看到yesterday, last week, two days ago, the other day, in 2019，时间段later，after一段时间等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时；3看到tomorrow, next year, in a week等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时；4看到the next day/morning, the next/following week/month/year等时间状语，要想到用过去将来时；5看到all the time, now, at 4 oclock, at this moment, at present等时间状语，要想到用

15、如今进展时；6看到at that time, at this time yesterday, at five yesterday, the whole morning等时间状语，要想到用过去进展时；7看到at this time tomorrow, from 1：30 to 4：30 tomorrow等时间状语，要想到用将来进展时；8看到since, recently, lately, already, in/for/during the last/past few years, so far, up to now, during the past/last时间段等时间状语，要想到用如今完成时

16、；9看到by that time, by the end of过去时间，before 2019，by the time一般过去时的从句，要想到用过去完成时；10看到by the time一般如今时的从句，by the end of将来时间的名词，by将来时间名词等时间状语，要想到用将来完成时。Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺利，我们确信一定会按时完工。平行谓语做参考 示之以范 _原那么这样运用12019·浙江卷6

17、月Pahlsson and her husband _search the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.searched解析：根据句意和but turned up nothing可知，search的动作发生在过去，所以填searched。22019·浙江湖州期末考试One day, when I was drawing diagrams on the balcony and he _bathe inside, the volcano erupted unexpectedly.was bathing解析：由

18、前面的“I was drawing diagrams可知，本句应用过去进展时，而且and连接的并列句要保持时态一致。32019·聊城检测Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also _give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.gives解析：考察时态。not only.but also连接两个平行构造，因此所填动词与makes一致，故填gives。42019·福建五校统考According to a recent survey, viol

19、ence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also _express their great concern about it.expressed解析：考察时态。and前后并列时态一致，根据句中showed可知，该句表达的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。52019·湖北武昌区高三调考Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in my math._workworked解析：由后面的made可知，

20、此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。 通关点击 _原那么这样解读并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both.and., neither.nor.，either.or.，not only.but also.，rather than等以及附属连词than可连接两个平行的构造。平行的另外一个构造与所选谓语动词的先后关系，那么决定着所选动词的时态。2019·陕西质检When facing the either­or situation, I smiled and decided to trust my heart.当面对必须作出决定的

21、情况时，我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。语境理解少不了 示之以范 _原那么这样运用12019·广东深圳二模It _rain at that time and the streets were full of holes which were full of water.was raining解析：根据时间状语at that time可知，当时正在下雨，即“下雨这一动作在过去某段时间内正在进展。故用过去进展时。22019·广东佛山二模In 2019, I _feel I needed a new challenge so I decided to take a film­

22、;making course.felt解析：句意：在2019年，我觉得我需要一个新的挑战，因此我决定修一门电影制作的课程。根据时间状语In 2019可知，应用一般过去时。故填felt。32019·四川卷As I tell you last time, I made three new friends here._telltold解析：根据时间状语last time可知，此句用一般过去时。42019·西安九校联考Today, at the local convenience store where I work, an elderly man with a guide dog

23、 come in._comecame解析：考察动词的时态。这里表达的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。52019·山东青岛模拟Whats more, thousands of tourists from the world came here every year, which is really splendid._camecome解析：根据时间状语every year及从句为一般如今时可知，主句应用一般如今时，故将came改为come。通关点击 _原那么这样解读高考对时态的考察更注重对语法知识的详细运用，即将语法知识置于一定的语境中，要求考生在实际语言环境中填写正确答案。做题时

24、树立全局观念，根据提供的语境，挖掘题中隐含的信息，从而找到解题的打破口。2019·湖北八校第一次联考It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walked into my new high school.在一个温暖的秋天，父亲和我一起走进了新高中学校。固定句式要记牢 示之以范 _原那么这样运用12019·天津卷I _drive down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.was driving解析：此处是be doing. when

25、.构造，意为“正在做，这时突然。由从句的谓语动词found可知，主句应用过去进展时。22019·沈阳监测一This was the first time I _ experience sandstorms and I dont ever want to be in one again.had experienced解析：考察动词的时态。根据“This was the first time可知，从句用过去完成时。3Hardly had I got home when the rain _pour down.poured解析：hardly. when.意为“刚就，主句用过去完成时，从句用

26、一般过去时。42019·梧州一模I say to him with a cheerful smile, “Go to exercise and you _feel better.will feel解析：此题考察时态，祈使句and/or陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时。52019·河北邯郸一模It has been a long time since we meet in China last time._meetmet解析：It has been一段时间since.句式中时间状语用过去时。 通关点击 _原那么这样解读1看到no sooner. than.或hardly. when

27、.，要想到主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；Hardly had the speaker finished his speech when the audience kept asking him questions.演讲者一完毕他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。2看到并列连词when，要想到was/were doing sth. when.；be about to do sth.when.等连用；One day, I was about to do some shopping when he telephoned me.一天，我正要去购物这时他给我打 了。3看到It/This/That is

28、the序数词timethat从句，要想到从句用如今完成时；This is the third time that you have been late this month.这是本月你第三次迟到。4看到It/This/That wasthe序数词timethat从句，要想到从句用过去完成时；That was the first time that I had gone abroad.那是我第一次出国。5时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，假如主句是一般将来时，从句那么用一般如今时表示将来；I will go to the cinema as soon as I finish my homework.

29、我一完成作业就去看电影。6在由since引导的时间状语从句中，假如主句是如今完成时，从句那么用一般过去时；He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从来到我们学校，他学习就一直非常努力。7看到“祈使句and/or陈述句，要想到陈述句用一般将来时。Keep on trying and you will succeed.继续尝试，你会成功的。考察动词的语态逻辑关系需知晓 示之以范 _原那么这样运用来源:Z*xx*k 12019·全国卷So it was a great honour to be invited backst

30、age at the not­for­profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I _allow to get up close to these cute animals at the 600­acre centre.was allowed解析：根据it was可知，此处用过去时态，主语I与allow之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。22019·全国卷Truly elegant chopsticks might _make of gold and silver w

31、ith Chinese characters.be made解析：chopsticks和make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前有might，所以用be made。32019·四川卷The giant panda _ love by people throughout the world.is loved解析：主语the giant panda和动词love之间是被动关系，且由后面的by.构造可知，应用一般如今时的被动语态。42019·天津卷Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _reach so far

32、by the two sides.has been reached解析：句意：尽管经过了前几轮的商讨，到目前为止双方仍没有达成一致意见。句中的so far是如今完成时的时间标志短语，agreement与reach之间是被动关系，因此用如今完成时的被动语态。52019·安徽卷It is reported that a space station _build on the moon in years to come.will be built解析：句意：据报道，将来几年里将在月球上建造一个空间站。根据时间状语in years to come可知，“建造空间站是将来的动作，设空处需用一般

33、将来时；宾语从句的主语a space station与build之间是被动关系，因此需用一般将来时的被动语态。62019·武汉武昌区调研As a foreigner, I _ absorb and charmed by the genuine warmth of welcome and unique culture during the trip.was absorbed解析：考察动词时态和语态。此处描绘当时旅行的情景，故应用一般过去时；由语境可知，作者被吸引住了，故应用被动语态。72019·安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试This morning, I got an email

34、 from the library. It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up._pickingpicked解析：考察动词语态。根据语境可知，pick up和句子逻辑主语book构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。 通关点击 _原那么这样解读1被动语态在各种时态中的运用时态被动语态的构成一般如今时am/is/are done一般过去时was/were done一般将来时shall/will be done如今进展时am/is/are being done过去进展时was/were being done如今完成时have/has bee

35、n done过去完成时had been done将来完成时shall/will have been done2019·福建卷To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.使我快乐的是，我从成百上千申请参加开幕仪式的人员中中选。2不能用被动语态的特殊动词1系动词类，如look，seem，feel，taste，sound，smell，prove，appear等；Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。2表示主语特征的词，如

36、read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock，break，catch，cut，drive，open，wash等，常与hardly，well, easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。This pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅。,学生用书P15 单句语法填空12019·浙江台州期末考试We_reduce emission of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still major source of them.have reduced/have been reducing解析

37、：由句中的时间状语in recent years可知，应用如今完成时或如今完成进展时。来源:Zxxk 22019·福建福州十三中期中考试Then he_hide behind a tree and waited.hid解析：根据and后面的waited可知，与之并列的动作也应用一般过去时。32019·江西南昌一模At a young age, he_move to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona.moved解析：根据时间状语at a young age可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时

38、。42019·浙江金丽衢州十二校联考I just graduated from West Coast University.I_receive job skill training just before that, but I had never worked.had received解析：此处根据just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。52019·浙江金华十校模拟Doctors and scientists _learn a great deal about sleep in the last t

39、hirty years.have learned解析：根据in the last thirty years可知，本句应用如今完成时。62019·合肥第一次检测Its fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent _needis needed解析：考察主谓一致和被动语态。“not only.but also.作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原那么，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent与动词need之间是动宾关系，故

40、用is needed。72019·石家庄质量检测A newborn baby would _dress in a gown for his first year or two.Then he was “breeched穿裤礼 and wore articles of clothing like shorts.The usual custom is that a boy graduates to trousers around eight years old.be dressed解析：考察语态。名词baby和dress之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。82019·郑州第二次质量预

41、测A group of people paraded游行 through the village, two of them dressed as a lion, going into every home to perform a song for good fortune.I _attract by this and followed the group, taking photos to share with my family.was attracted解析：考察动词的时态和语态。该句主语I和动词attract之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句表达的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。92

42、019·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试There are many different taboos禁忌 around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not _allowallowed解析：考察被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在that引导的定语从句中关系词that代指a social action，和动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。102019·河北七所名校联考The market, which _call Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opene

43、d in January 2019 and has become a popular spot for locals and tourists.is called解析：考察动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是如今的客观事实，应该用一般如今时；which指代The market与call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。 单句改错12019·湖北八校第一次联考But yesterday we have an argument about the football clubs._havehad解析：考察动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语yesterday可知，该句应用一般过去时，故动词用过去式。来

44、源:Zxxk 22019·安徽百所重点高中二模Its not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need._camecome解析：根据本句主要时态为一般如今时以及此处描绘通常的情况可知，此处应用一般如今时。32019·郑州第一次质量预测When I get home, I said to my parents, “Everything was great about the camping. I want to be a teacher like An

45、na in the future._getgot解析：考察动词时态。由said可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。42019·山东省部分重点中学第一次调研Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran bought a real bed.It was the first time that he have become the proud owner of a bed._havehad解析：It was the first time that sb.had done sth.为固定句型。52019·洛阳

46、统一考试When Dad came home, he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened._hashad解析：考察动词时态。与asked照应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。62019·贵阳监测Once I went to the market with my mum for a big dinner on Saturday.When we were walking past the stalls，a loud noise was caught my attention._删除was解析：考察动词语态。主语

47、a loud noise与catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除was。72019·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考Although the best doctors called for him, he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world._called前面加were解析：考察主谓一致、时态和语态。主语the best doctors为复数且和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；这里讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用were。82019·湖北武汉高三调考Then we go to a KTV bar where we sang many popular songs._gowent解析：由从句中的sang可知此处是讲述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。92019·福建福州十三中期中考试Today Ive got wonderful news to tell you.I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance._hadhave解析：根据句意可知，指过去的动作对如今造成