曼昆经济学题库chapter

1、Chapter 17Production and GrowthMultiple Choice1.A nations standard of living is measured by itsa.real GDP.b.real GDP per person.c.nominal GDP.d.nominal GDP per person.ANSWER: b.real GDP per person.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.02.Income in developing countries like India and Indonesiaa.is 1/10th

2、 or less of that in developed countries like Japan and the United States.b.is about 1/8th of that in developed countries like Japan and the United States.c.is about 1/5th of that in developed countries like Japan and the United States.d.is about 1/3 to 1/2 of that in developed countries like Japan a

3、nd the United States.ANSWER: a.is 1/10th or less of that in developed countries like Japan and the United States.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.03.Over the past century in the United States, real GDP per person has grown by abouta.1 percent per year.b.2 percent per year.c.4 percent per year.d.6 p

4、ercent per year.ANSWER: b.2 percent per year.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.04.During the past century the average growth rate of U.S. real GDP per person implies that it doubled about everya.100 years on average.b.70 years.c.35 years.d.25 years.ANSWER: c.35 years.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 2

5、5.05.Over the past 100 years, U.S. real GDP per person has doubled about every 35 years. If in the next 100 years it doubles every 25 years, then a century from now U.S. real GDP per person will bea.4 times higher than it is now.b.8 times higher than it is now.c.12 times higher than it is now.d.16 t

6、imes higher than it is now.ANSWER: d.16 times higher than it is now.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.06.The level of real GDP persona.differs widely across countries, but the growth rate of real GDP per person is similar across countries.b.is very similar across countries, but the growth rate of re

7、al GDP per person differs widely across countries.c.and the growth rate of real GDP per person are similar across countries.d.and the growth rate of real GDP per person vary widely across countries.ANSWER: d.and the growth rate of real GDP per person vary widely across countries.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY:

8、1 SECTION: 12.07.Over the past century in the United States, average income as measured by real GDP per person has grown abouta.3.5 percent per year, which implies a doubling about every 20 years.b.2 percent per year, which implies a doubling about every 35 years.c.4 percent per year, which implies

9、a doubling about every 17.5 years.d.none of the above are correct.ANSWER: b.2 percent per year, which implies a doubling about every 35 years.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.08.In the United States, as measured by real GDP per person, average income is about how many times as high as average incom

10、e a century ago?a.2b.4c.6d.8ANSWER: d.8TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.09.New products are invented every year. Consequently real GDP bably underestimates the rate of real economic bably overestimates the rate of real economic bably accurately estimates the rate

11、of real economic growth.d.is rarely used.ANSWER: bably under-estimates the rate of real economic growth.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.110.In recent decades, average income in some East Asian countries, such as Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan, has risen abouta.2 percent per year.b.4 percent

12、 per year.c.7 percent per year.d.10 percent per year.ANSWER: c.7 percent per year.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.011.In some East Asian countries, average income, as measured by real GDP per person, has grown at an average annual rate that implies output should double about everya.10 years.b.15 y

13、ears.c.20 years.d.25 years.ANSWER: a.10 years.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.012.In the length of one generation, which of the following countries has gone from being among the poorest countries in the world to being among the richest?a.Chadb.Ethiopiac.Indiad.South KoreaANSWER: d.South KoreaTYPE:

14、 M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.013.Average income has been stagnant for many years ina.Ireland.b.Singapore.c.Ethiopia.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: c.Ethiopia.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.014.Which of the following is true?a.Although levels of real GDP per person vary substantially from

15、country to country, the growth rate of real GDP per person is similar across countries.b.Productivity is not closely linked to government policies.c.The level of real GDP per person is a good gauge of economic prosperity, and the growth rate of real GDP per person is a good gauge of economic progres

16、s.d.Productivity may be measured by the growth rate of real GDP per person.ANSWER: c.The level of real GDP per person is a good gauge of economic prosperity, and the growth rate of real GDP per person is a good gauge of economic progress.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.015.Which of the following d

17、oes the level of real GDP measure?a.total real ductivityc.the standard of livingd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: a.total real incomeTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.016.The average amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker's time is calleda.per capita GDP

18、b.per capita GNPductivityd.human capitalANSWER: ductivityTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.017.A nation's standard of living is determined bya.its productivity.b.its gross domestic product.c.its national income.d.how much it has relative to others.ANSWER: a.its productivity.TYPE: M DIF

19、FICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.018.Which of the following is correct?a.Over the last 100 years Japan had a higher average growth rate than the United States. It follows that the standard of living in Japan is greater than in the United States.b.The typical person in Pakistan today has about the same real in

20、come as a typical American 100 years ago.c.The typical citizen of China today has about as much real income as the typical American in 1950.d.None of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.None of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.119.In 2000, the typical Pakistani had about how many

21、times the income of the typical American in 1900?a.2b.1c.2/3d.1/4ANSWER: d.1/4TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.120.In 2000, the typical citizen of China had about as much real income as the typical person in the United Kingdom ina.1870.b.1920.c.1945.d.1975ANSWER: a.1870.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTIO

22、N: 12.121.Which of the following countries, had the highest growth rate over the last 100 years?a.Brazilb.Germanyc.Canadad.United StatesANSWER: a.BrazilTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.122.Countries that grew the fastest over the last 100 years had growth rates of abouta.0.5 percent.b.1.5 percent.c

23、.2.0 percent.d.2.5 percent.ANSWER: d.2.5 percent.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.123.Of the following countries which grew the slowest over the last 100 years?a.Brazil.b.Mexico.c.China.d.United States.ANSWER: d.United States.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.124.Which of the following is correct?a

24、.Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones that had the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.b.Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth rates during the past 100 years.c.The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over

25、time.d.Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDP per person.ANSWER: c.The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.125.Over the last 100 years which of the following had growth rates h

26、igher than that of the United States?a.the United Kingdomb.Bangladeshc.Pakistand.None of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.None of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.126.Which of the following nations experienced average rates of economic growth of less than 2.0 percent over the l

27、ast 100 years?a.Bangladeshb.Pakistanc.United Kingdomd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.127.In 1870, the richest country in the world wasa.the United States.b.Spain.c.the United Kingdom.d.Germany.ANSWER: c.the United Kingdom.TYPE: M

28、 DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.128.In 2002 real GDP per person in Olympus was 4,500. In 2001 it was 4,250. What was the growth rate of real GDP per person?a.5.6 percentb.5.9 percentc.6.5 percentd.None of the above are correct to the nearest tenth.ANSWER: b.5.9 percentTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.12

29、9.In 2002 real GDP in Oceania was 561.0 billion and the population was 2.2 million. In 2001 real GDP was 500.0 billion and the population was 2.0 million. What was the approximate growth rate of real GDP per person?a.12 percentb.10 percentc.4 percentd.2 percentANSWER: d.2 percentTYPE: M DIFFICULTY:

30、3 SECTION: 12.130.In 2002 real GDP in Latania was 750 billion and the population was 3 million. In 2003 real GDP was 907.5 and the population was 3.3 million. What was the approximate growth rate of real GDP per person?a.10 percentb.14 percentc.17 percentd.21 percentANSWER: a.10 percentTYPE: M DIFFI

31、CULTY: 3 SECTION: 12.131.In 2002, Freedonia had a population of 2,700 and real GDP of about 11,610,000. In 2001 it had a population of 2,500 and real GDP of about 10,000,000. What was the approximate growth rate of real GDP per person in Freedonia between 2001 and 2002?a.7.5 percentb.12.5 percentc.2

32、0.5 percentd.35.5 percentANSWER: a.7.5 percentTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 3 SECTION: 12.132.Which of the following is correct?a.If a relatively poor country had grown at 3.5 percent per year for the last 100 years, it would be a relatively rich country today.b.International data on the history of real GDP g

33、rowth rates shows that the rich countries get richer and the poor countries get poorer.c.In the United States, average income today is about four times as high as average income a century ago.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: a.If a relatively poor country had grown at 3.5 percent per year for

34、the last 100 years, it would be a relatively rich country today.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.133.Productivitya.is nearly the same across countries and so provides no help explaining differences across countries in the standard of living.b.explains very little of the differences across countries

35、 in the standard of living.c.explains some, but not most of the differences across countries in the standard of living.d.explains most of the differences across countries in the standard of living.ANSWER: d.explains most of the differences across countries in the standard of living.TYPE: M DIFFICULT

36、Y: 2 SECTION: 12.234.Which of the following is a correct way to measure productivity?a.divide the number of hours worked by outputb.divide output by the number of hours pute output growthd.divide the change in output by the change in number of hours workedANSWER: b.divide output by the nu

37、mber of hours workedTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.235.Cedar Valley Furniture uses 5 workers working 8 hours to produce 80 rocking chairs. What is the productivity of these workers?a.2 chairs per hour.b.1 hour per chair.c.80 chairs.d.None of the above are correct.ANSWER: a.2 chairs per hour.TYPE:

38、 M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.236.Which of the following is correct?a.Productivity is hours worked divided by output produced.b.Americans have a higher standard of living than Indonesians because American workers are more productive than Indonesian workers.c.Changes in the market prices of most resou

39、rces indicate that they are becoming increasingly scarce.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: b.Americans have a higher standard of living than Indonesians because American workers are more productive than Indonesian workers.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.237.Which of the following is NOT corre

40、ct?a.Countries that have had higher output growth per person have typically not done so with higher productivity growth.b.A countrys standard of living and its productivity are closely related.c.Productivity refers to output produced per hour of work.d.Increases in productivity can be used to increa

41、se output or leisure.ANSWER: a.Countries that have had higher output growth per person have typically not done so with higher productivity growth.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.238.Both Tom and Jerry work eight hours a day. Tom can produce six baskets of goods per hour while Jerry can produce fou

42、r baskets of the same goods per hour. It follows that Tductivity is greater than Jerrys.b.output is greater than Jerrys.c.standard of living is higher than Jerrys.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.239.Which of the followin

43、g is a determinant of productivity?a.human capitalb.physical capitalc.natural resourcesd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.240.The inputs used to produce goods and services are also ductivity indicators.b.capitalization p

44、duction functions.d.factors of production.ANSWER: d.factors of production.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.241.The equipment and structures available to produce goods and services are calleda.physical capital.b.human capital.c.the production function.d.technology.ANSWER: a.physical ca

45、pital.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.242.The saws, lathes, and drill presses that woodworkers at Cedar Valley Furniture use to produce chests and cabinets are calleda.human capital.b.physical capital.c.natural resources.d.technological knowledge.ANSWER: b.physical capital.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SE

46、CTION: 12.243.Which of the following would not be considered physical capital?a.a new factory buildingb.a computer used to help Mercury Delivery Service keep track of their ordersc.on-the-job trainingd.a desk used in an accountants officeANSWER: c.on-the-job trainingTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12

47、.244.Which of the following would be considered physical capital?a.the pizza oven at the Liquidity Preferences Tavernb.soy beans used to make soy milkc.the skills and knowledge of a barberd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: a.the pizza oven at the Liquidity Preferences TavernTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1

48、 SECTION: 12.245.Human capital is thea.knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.b.stock of equipment and structures that is used to produce goods and services.c.total number of hours worked in an economy.d.same thing as technological knowledge.ANSWER: a.k

49、nowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.246.Which of the following is considered human capital?a.knowledge acquired from early childhood education programsb.knowledge acquired from grade schoolc.knowledge acquired from on

50、-the-job trainingd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.247.Which of the following is human capital?a.breakfasts served in a companys cafeteriab.understanding how to use a companys accounting softwarec.training videos for new corporate

51、 employeesd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: b.understanding how to use a companys accounting softwareTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 12.248.Which of the following is considered human capital?a.the comfortable chair in your dorm room where you read economics textsb.the amount you get paid each we

52、ek to work at the libraryc.the things you have learned this semesterd.any capital goods that require a human to be present to operateANSWER: c.the things you have learned this semesterTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.249.Which of the following is a part of your Economics professors human capital?a.

53、the things she learned at some prestigious universityb.her copy of Mankiws textc.her chalk holderd.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: a.the things she learned at some prestigious universityTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.250.Natural resourcesa.are inputs provided by nature.b.are inputs such as l

54、and, rivers, and mineral deposits.c.take two forms: renewable and nonrenewable.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.251.Which of the following lists contains, in this order, natural resources, human capital, and physical capital?a.Fo

55、r a restaurant: the produce used to make salad, the things the Chef learned at Cooking School, the freezers where the steaks are kept.b.For a furniture company: wood, the company cafeteria, saws.c.For a railroad: fuel, railroad engines, railroad tracks.d.None of the above are correct.ANSWER: a.For a restaurant: the produce used to make salad, the things the Chef learned at Cooking School, the freezers where the steaks are kept.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 12.252.Which of the following is an example of a nonrenewable resource?a.coalb.h