虚拟语气口诀

1、虚拟语气口诀2012-06-30 00:00虚拟语气口诀1虚拟语气，愿望难成，违背事实，时态后退.教你18字口诀，学会if条件从句虚拟语气2口诀：【过去了，就原了；过完了，就完了；过去了，也原了】与现在相反：从句用过去时态，主句用would，should，could， might+动原。口诀：过去了，就原了。与过去相反：从句用过去完成时态，主句用 would，should，could，might+have+PP。口诀：过完了，就完了。与将来相反：从句用过去时态，主句用 would,should,could,might+动原。口诀：过去了，也原了。说明：原指用动词原形；完指用动词完成时态。口诀巧

2、学巧记3-虚拟一、虚拟主从，宾从表语从should之后加原形。省去should用原形，换成 would行不通。1. 主从:It is necessary(important, natural strange)etter)thatIt is suggested(requested, proposedesired)that It is a pity(a shame)that 1) It is n ecessary that hein time to atte nd the meeti ng.A. come B. came C. would come D. n eed come译文：他及时来参加会议

3、很重要。2) I is a pity that hehere.他不在这儿，真令人遗憾。)A. not be B. be C. would be D. should not3) It 'strange that theynothing about this matter.A. know B. would know C. knows D. knew2宾从：一坚二令三要求，切望三建议用虚拟。should原形或原形，换成 would行不通。一想要(desire 一宁愿(prefer)一 坚持(in sist) 二命令(order. comma nd三建议(advise. suggest. pr

4、opo 四要求(demand. require. request. as中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用："sshould可以省略(坚持 in sist 命令 order, comma nd 要求 dema nd, require, reques建议 advise, suggest, propos)shoul( 换成 would 行不通； 要问记住难不难，disco考试最常见。(d-demand; i-insist; s-suggest; c-comm1) He in sisted that we allin his office at one o'cloc

5、k.A. be B. to be C. would be D. shall be译文：他坚持我们应该在一点钟的时候到他的办公室。2) He in sisted that heour car.A. should steal B. would steal C. had n't stole n D. steal 译文：他坚持说他没有偷我们的车。 (注:主句主语与宾从主语是同一人时不用虚拟 )3) The gen eral ordered that the thief.A. be punished B. would punish C. would be punished D. should p

6、unish1、 If 条件句If I were you, I would leave now.If you had asked me yesterday, I could have told you.If it should rain tomorrow, we couldn 'ctlimb.NOTICE: 错综时间条件句(根据所表示的时间调整)If you had followed me, you wouldn'mtiss the train now.2、主语从句中的虚拟 It is (was) importa nt (n ecessary, stra nge ) that-c

7、lauseIt 'nsecessary that you (should) be present at the meeting. It is (was) ordered (suggested, required, requested) that-clauseIt was ordered that the room (should) be cleaned.3、wish + that-clause 现在的愿望： I wish that you weren'sto lazy. 过去的愿望： I wish that you hadn'hturt Jim so much. 将来的

8、愿望： I wish you wouldn'ttalk like that.- Have you ever studied French ?- No, but I wish I had.4、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟 通常由几个要求接虚拟语气的名词引起： order, demand, suggestionHe gave orders that the test (should) be finished before 5:30. His suggestion is that the house (should) be built there.5、宾语从句中的虚拟 下列动词后的宾语从句用

9、虚拟语气： demand, insist, order, require, etc.The judge ordered that the thief (should) not be punished. NOTICE: suggest 暗示，表明“Her expression suggested that he was angry.insist坚持认为是怎么回事”The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel. He insisted that John (should) do it.6、状语从句中的虚拟 as if (though) 与现在

10、相反，从句用过去时He talks as if he knew everything. 与过去相反，从句用过去完成时He looks (looked) as if she had wept.客观事实，从句用陈述句语气It looks as if you are tired. so that, eve n if (though)Nothing could have saved him even if he had been tended .7、由介词短语引起的虚拟语气 without :Without your help, I shouldn ' gtt a result. but fo

11、r 若非 : But for you, we couldn ' have carried out the plan.8、句型 It 'time + that-clause指现在或将来）It 'tisme that you went to school .（ should go to school） would rather + that-clause （指现在或将来）I 'rdather you went home now.Don'tcome tomorrow, I 'rdather you came next week. what if如果怎么

12、办？ “What if they should come here ?9、虚拟语气的倒装Were I you, I would leave now.Had you asked me yesterday, I could have told you.Should it rain tomorrow, we couldn 'ctlimb.5、宾语从句中的虚拟下列动词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气： demand, insist, order, require, etc.The judge ordered that the thief （should） not be punished.NOTICE:

13、suggest 暗示，表明“Her expression suggested that he was angry.insist坚持认为是怎么回事”The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel.He insisted that John （should） do it.二：虚拟三：虚拟语气情态动词所表达的可能性程度：must/can't shtould/shouldn't mig（ht/may （not） 另外两个"类情态词的形式： "need/needn't; have to/don't

14、have to最自然的虚拟状态：由should/would+原型时态（不含时间只含状态）本质上是过去将来时：即，时间固定在过去将来，状态不同：一般、进行、完成、完成进行 这时"虚拟语气"的产生往往是因为我们要表达"本来应该"（而现在却还没有 ）（本来可以 ，本来能 ）I should go! （ but I'm still here!） （一般）I should be working now!（进行 ）I should have practiced more （than I did）! （完成） 我应该多多练习！（言下之意，现在我练习得不多。）I

15、 shouldn't dream away my time too much! （完成的否定 ） （actually I did dream away my time too much!）It shouldn't have been leaking for such a long time! 完（ 成进行）should 常常被省略掉I may/might/could have finished! （完成） 一些常见的句型中，就会出现这种虚拟语气，而处于从句之中，o suggest, advise, propose, recommend, plan;o demand, order

16、, direct, arrange, command, decide;o require, request;o think, expect, believe, insist, suspect.由于他们的含义中包含 " 建议，假设，应该 "这类的含义，所以，由他们引起的从句中，就会包含有 时态构成的虚拟语气。这些动词（以及他们的名次形式，分词形式）引起的从句还有其他的变形： 主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句It's suggestedthat My suggestion is that The only suggestion that.The only suggesti

17、on I can give you now isthat 一些形容词引起的表语从句中，也会有同样的情况 important; necessary; essentialIt's natural ; strange; incredible that a pity; a shame; no wonder 由lest, for fear that, in case引起的从句中多使用 should 表达与事实相反1. 与现在相反：使用 过去时 ：I wish I were not here!（一般现在 d般过去） Suppose we were not here.He loved me as i

18、f I were his own son. 一般现在 d般过去）Hope I were n't always los ing thin gs!现在进行 d 过去进行）If on ly/If I had n't been there!（现在完成 d 过去完成）What if I hadn't been waiting right here!（现在完成进行 d过去完成进行） 常考句型：It's （high） time （that） would rather （that） 这两个从句，只能表达对现在的看法，所以，从句中只有一般过去时。2. 与过去相反：过去完成时；Ho

19、w nice it is if I had past the test!How nice it is if I had slept a little more this morning!3. 与将来相反？将来的事情没有发生，所以只能推测。If it rains tomorrow, we'll have to stay one day more.不过，由于可以用be to表示将来；所以，虚拟语气中经常出现were to；也是CET-4的常考语法虚拟条件句 o if 部分， o 做一个与事实相反的假设（所以只有一般过去和过去完成）；o 主句部分， o 这是表示基于这个假设的推测， o 一般

20、使用情态动词 would， o 少数情况下使用 cou o 注意：两个部分之间， o 是有逻辑关系，而 o 在两部分的谓语动词时态上， o 没有必然的联系。 注意，虚拟条件句中的if可以省略，造成were/had提前，产生倒装。隐含的非真实条件What would you do with 50 thousand dollar?How could I be happy without you? 除了条件状语从句之外，原因状语从句也会出现虚拟语气。o由in order that, so that引起的从句，o肯定的时候可以使用 may/might; can /could;否定的时候，o 多 o w

21、hoever, whatever, no matter wha引丨起的从句中， o 多用 may+情态动词的基本用法及其区别 最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时 掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者常常利用语 间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确 基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。下面就近几 题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。一、用 情态动词+ have + done”结构表示对过去动作的推测，

22、高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时 暗示。情态动词的这一用法可以用对立统一”来概括。1 当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体统一”关系来解决这样的试题。常见的结构有：must have done表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作一定做了”只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为couldn 'have done疑问式为 Can/Could.have done?。could /might have done表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作可能做了”。如1) My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday after noon, so he your lecture.趋A. couldn 'have attendedB. needn' have attendedC. mustn' htve attendedD. shouldn 'have attended本题选A。2) Jack yet, otherwise he would have telepho ned meA. must n 'ht