被动语态讲解及练习(共7页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上The Passive Voice 被动语态 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 4） was/were done 一般过去时 5） had been done 过去完成时 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 2. 被动语态的特殊结构

2、形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不

3、动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make,let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5)

4、 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 ving形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态。 例I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、 如何使用被动语态 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。 例 My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被动的

5、动作突出动作的执行者。 例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过

6、去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有： It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道，It is believed that大家相信， It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周 It is thought that大家认为， It is suggested that据建议。 四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特

7、征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。 例 This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。 试比较：The door won't lock （指门本身有毛病） The door won't be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因） 2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give o

8、ut, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。 例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何印出来的呢？ 3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的系动词feel, sound, taste, look, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 例Your reason sounds reasonable. 五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义，在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。 1 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 例Th

9、e house needs repairing（to be repaired）这房子需要修理。 2 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。 例The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read） 3. 在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important

10、，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. 4 在too to结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。 例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.被动语态练习及答案1、( ) 1 The People's Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D

11、. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ a

12、ll over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used2、 ( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. _. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the cor

13、ner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.

14、A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published3( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 Th

15、e sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't4( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. H

16、as C. Is D . Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do5( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held( ) 2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( )

17、3 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am6( ) 1 The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can

18、be mend D. can be mended7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ n

19、ext week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is us

20、ed; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The r

21、iver smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. sp

22、oken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well10( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A

23、. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A.were shown B. show C. shown / D. have

24、shown( ) 3 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to12( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be take

25、n of( ) 3 She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 3 These ch

26、ildren_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. was' had B. was held C. held D.

27、had15( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down( ) 3 Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have

28、happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened( ) 4 The watch has often _ down.A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell16( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( ) 2 The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing( ) 3 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close17( ) 1 Can he_ himself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of( ) 2 He fell from hi