宾语从句讲解及练习附答案张梦杰

1、初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案 宾语从句三注意时态语序引导词 主句一般现在时从句不需受限制 主句一般过去时从句须用相应时 陈述句转化that引一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) （了解） Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语

2、) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei . 注意一般情况下whether 和if 可以互用 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking a

3、bout whether well go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时 引导的是条件状语从句 这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时引导词用特殊疑问词引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you? 特殊情况=当do you think后接特殊疑

4、问句转化成宾语从句时句式结构应为引导词do you think，用陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时一般将来时或祈使句时从句不受主句的限制根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如 Do you knowif/whether he has seen the film? 2 b.当主句是一般过去时从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如 I didnt know if/whether he had seen the film. 注意当主句是一般过去时而从句表示的是客观真理自然现象科学原理格言等从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如 He said that the earth moves round t

5、he sun. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 4.、人称的变化和标点的使用 a.从句的主语如果是第一人称变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致如果是第二人称则与主句的宾语一致如果是第三人称不用变化。如 “May I use your knife”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone

6、 number. b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句用句号主句是疑问句用问号。如 Who will give us a talk? I don?t know. I don?t know who will give us a talk. Do you knowWhere does he live? Do you know where he lives? 步骤：1、根据原句确定连接词（that、if 、whether、特殊疑问词 ） 2、调整语序（陈述句） 3、根据主句确定时态 4、人称变化和标点的使用二、宾语从句的转化 （了解）简化宾语从句常用六法。1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope

7、wishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主语与从句主语相同时从句可简化为不定式结构。如 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths. 2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如 I dont know which sweater I should buy.I dont know which sweater

8、 to buy. 3.当主句的谓语动词是asktell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时从句的主语和间接宾语一致且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连代词/副词引导的宾语从句中当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如Could you tell me how to get to the park? 4. 当主句谓语动词是findseewatchhear等感官动词时从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如 She found that the wallet lay/was lyin

9、g on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题(一)（时态）1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The

10、 students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled习题(二)（连接词）1 Can you tell me_ y

11、ou were born, BettyA. who B. what C. when D. that 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I dont know _ he still

12、 lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday eveningA. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose习题(三)（语序）1. They dont know -their parents are.A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me _

13、what last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _.A. what your mother said B. what did your mot

14、her sayC. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know _A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking forC. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me _A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D.

15、when did they leave Beijing习题(四)1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)A. that B. how C. What D. if2. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us.He will help us with our English. (杭州市)A. why B. when C. how D. where3.We never know _

16、the old m an is.They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)A. what B. who C. which D. where4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when5. Do you know _ Im going to see him.Sorry, I dont know. (北京市海淀区)A. where does Mr. Li live B.

17、where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived6. W here do you think _ he _ the computerSorry, I have no idea. (南京市)A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy7. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. (重庆市)A. what the matter is B. what is wrongC. what the matt

18、er was D. what wrong was8. Where is JackHe is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . (南昌市)A. that B. which C. where D. there参考答案：答案:1-5 A D C B C答案:1-7 C B B A A A C答案:1-6 B D B A A C答案:14 D A A D 58 C A C CAnswers一、选择题（215=30分）1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C

19、7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（120=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 1

20、5. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （130=30分）1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. neednt be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (110=10分) was bought for me Is made in China co

21、vered with五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分）be done改为 do listened改为 listened to remembered 改为 was remembered is sounded 改为sounds By who 改为 By whom被动语态专项练习（一）一、选择题( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build( )2. An accident _ on this road last wee

22、k.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened( )3.Cotton（棉花） _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow( )4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the scho

23、ol hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives( )6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done( )8.-Wh

24、en _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used( )9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known( )10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written( )11.A story _ by Granny yesterday

25、. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us( )12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump( )13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put( )14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. mus

26、t look after D. looked after( )15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.Its said(据说) that the long bridge_（build）in two months2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss）now3.Which language _the most widely_（s

27、peak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down6. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.9. What _ knives _ (make) o

28、f ? They_(make) of metal(金属) and wood.10. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library?11. The room _ (clean) by me every day.12. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ (water) by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well.15. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city?16. T

29、he food _ (smell) delicious.17. Look! Someone _(dance).三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _ people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同义句转换） A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问) How_ _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will sing an English song. (改为