定语从句之先行词(含答案解析)

1、精品定语从句之先行词综合练习题号IIIIII总分得分一、句子翻译（本大题共4 小题，共8.0 分）1. 分析再翻译：看下面的句子，分别找出各句的先行词和关系代词，并指出引导词在句子中作什么成分，然后将句子译成汉语(1)This is the stranger who helped us yesterday.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(2)The boy whom the teacher often praises is their monitor.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(3)Fruit trees which once g

2、rew only in China can be found in many partsof the world.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(4)The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.感谢下载载先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(5)The woman that I read about in the newspaper has just won a goldmedal.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(6)The rep

3、ort that was handed in by Mr Turner was about the motorrace.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(7)I know the person whose company produces computers.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _(8)I once lived in the house whose windows were much larger than usual.先行词： _；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文： _2.约翰要给捡到他钱包的出租司机一百元作为酬劳。(

4、reward; wallet; who）_第2页，共 25页精品3. 按给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语或句式提醒，翻译句子。我高度评价那些为梦想而努力的同学。(those; 定语从句 )_4. 根据括号内的提示或要求，将下列句子翻译成英语。假设你的朋友找了一个你不喜欢的男朋友或女朋友， 你会对你朋友说出你真实的感受吗？ (Suppose)_二、语法填空（本大题共3 小题，共45.0分）5. 阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容 （ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式 （不多于 3 个单词）。（请将答案写在答题卡上）Diet and way of life are often a prob

5、lem for teenagers. However, if you eatthe right food and exercise(1)(regular), you can feel better, look betterand have more energy. So healthy eating along(2)regular exercise isprobably the only way to become fit.As a teenager, it is important to give your body the energy(3)needs. Fora healthy diet

6、, you should eat mostly rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. Youalso need to drink a lot of water.(4)(drink) enough water will improveyour skin and give you healthy hair.Exercise is something(5)can help to make you look good, feel good andbe healthy. Teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercisi

7、ng, fivetimes a week. Walking and riding your bike count, and(6)do school感谢下载载sports. When you exercise, your body produces(7)(chemical) that makeyou feel peaceful and(8)(relax) and increase your ability to concentratewhen you study. A good amount of sleep every night(9)(be) alsoimportant for your h

8、ealth. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep eachnight.If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feelmuch(10)(good) in no time at all!（ 1）（ 2）（ 3）（ 4）（ 5）（ 6）（ 7）（ 8）（ 9）（ 10 ）6.I'm not sure(1) is more frightened， me or the female gorilla（大猩猩） thatsuddenly appears out of nowher

9、e I' m walking on a path in the forest inthe Central African Republic Unexpectedly， I'm face to face with thegorilla ， who begins screaming at(2)top of her lungs That makes herbaby scream， and then a 400 pound male appears He screamsthe(3)（ loud） of all The noise shakes the trees as the male

10、 beats his第4页，共 25页精品chest and charges toward me I quickly lower myself， ducking my head toavoid(4)（look ） directly into his eyes so he doesn tfeel(5)（ challenge）My name is Mireya Mayor I'm a(6)（science ） who studies animalssuch as apes and monkeys I was searching(7) these three westernlowland g

11、orillas I'd been observing No one had seen them for hours，and my colleagues and I were worriedWhen the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just glad tofind(8)（ they ） alive True to gorilla s unaggressive nature， the hugeanimal(9)（mean ） no real harm He was just saying： " I'm kin

12、g of thisforest ， and here is your reminder! "Once his message was delivered， heallowed me(10)（stay ） and watch_感谢下载载7.阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Nearly 800 new pupils ofLianhua Elementary School in Nanjing, JiangsuProvince, is reported(1)(receive) a unique gift: an

13、 admissionletter(2)their names are written by teachers using Chinese writingbrush.(3)(similar), Nanjing Normal University has been sending theirfreshmen calligraphy（书法） admission for eleven years. Several formerprofessors in(4)70s take about a week writing more than 4,500admission letters every year

14、.It is believed in China that“ handwriting is the man,”(5)(mean)good handwriting can not only cultivate one s temperament (气质 ), butcan also reflect one s literacy and character. At present,(6)(tradition)calligraphy has again become a compulsory lesson in many Chineseprimary and middle schools, whic

15、h aims(7)(improve) studentscultural competence（能力） . At the same time, parents are attaching greatimportance(8)children s calligraphy practice. It is fair to say thatcalligraphy is not left out in today s fast-paced society;(9), itsincomparable value is standing out.The charm of Chinese culture embo

16、died in calligraphy can always strike achord with（引起共鸣）writers and(10)(view). Do you have anyinterest in learning it?三、单选题（本大题共26 小题，共26.0 分）第6页，共 25页精品8. With his attention _on the computer games, he failed in the exam,_made his parents disappointed.A. concentrating, whichB. concentrating, thatC. c

17、oncentrated, whichD. concentrated, as9. _ is known to us, the dragon stands for China _the bear symbolizes Russia.A. It; butB. As; whileC. What; whileD. It; when10. She said that the building would be finished by October, _ I doubt very much.A. whoB. whenC. thatD.11.I disagree with the facts _ your

18、argument is basedA. thatB. whichC. whoseD.whichon which12.The story happened on a day _the weather was wet and cold.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. who13. You should have known waiting for you in the rain _ more than one student, along with the only one of the teachers who _ to take part inthe concert.A. a

19、re, isB. was, wasC. were, wasD. was, were14.Is this chicken farm _we visited three years ago?A. in whichB. whereC. the oneD. /15._ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _ life was hard inthe past, still works hard in his eighties.A. As; whoseB. It; whoseC. As; whomD. It; whom感谢下载载16.The Chi

20、nese general said in an interview that the PLA would do all _they can to protect every inch of our territory (领土 ).A. whichB. thatC. whoD. as17. Generally, people with plans can catch chances more easily than _ who don t get prepared in advance.A. onesB. theseC. someD. those18.A football fan（球迷） is

21、_ has a strong interest in football.A. a thing thatB. something thatC. a person whoD. what19. The farm _ we see today is no longer the one _ it was ten years ago.A. which; whichB. where; thatC. where; whatD. that; that20.Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on thesame starti

22、ng line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when21.There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. in which22.What can guarantee the stability of the Chinese economy are the twofactors: the increase of investment abroad and the response of theconsumer market, _ have worked well so

23、 far.A. either of whichB. all of whomC. both of whichD. each of whom23. Never before _ such a thrilling game _ you can experience life-and-death events one after another.第8页，共 25页精品A.C.have I played; thatB. had I played; thathad I played; whereD. have I played; where24.She doesn t like _ he says to

24、his parents.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which25.It is reported that a number of buildings, _ are being built in myhometown, will be finished next year.A. that of someB. which someC. some of themD. some of which26. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, _ that had t

25、he best colour.A. thatB. onesC. thoseD. one27.President Xis visit to the UK creates a win-win situation, _ both Chinaand the UK will benefit a lot in economic and social development.A. one whereB. oneC. whichD. the one in which28.Mr. White is a kind and selfless professor, _ cares more for otherstha

26、n for himself.A. the oneB. the one whoC. one whoD. one29. The Literature Salon creates a platform _many literature lovers think can provide a chance for them to share their thoughts.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. who30. A number of audience were present in the registration center in themorning, the numbe

27、r of _ was 300; _, the host had forgotten to arrange temporary accommodations.感谢下载载A. who; thereforeB. whom; neverthelessC. what; besidesD. which; rather31.We will call on the man_ we think can speak very good English.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which32. Newly released data point to an increase in techno

28、logy use among children_some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.A. whyB. whichC. whoD. where33.The law must be strictly observed and _ breaks it shall be punished.A. thoseB. anyone whoC. anyoneD. those who第 10页，共 25页精品答案和解析1.【答案】 (1)the stranger； who ；主语；这是昨天帮助我们的陌生人。(2)the boy； whom ；（

29、praise 的）宾语；老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。(3)fruit trees；which ；主语；曾经只在中国种植的果树在世界许多地方都可以见到。(4)the gold medal； which ；（ won 的）宾语；她曾经获得的金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(5)the woman； that ；（ about的）宾语；我在报纸上读到的那个女人刚刚夺得一枚金牌。(6)the report； that ；主语；由特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。(7)the person；whose ；（ company的）定语；我认识那个人， 他的公司生产计算机。(8)the house；wh

30、ose ；（ window的）定语；我曾经住在那个窗子比一般窗户大很多的房子里。【解析】(1) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是 the stranger ，关系代词是 who ，在从句中作主语。故填：the stranger ；who ；主语；这是昨天帮助我们的陌生人。(2) 分子句子结构， 可知先行词是 the boy ，关系代词是 whom ，在从句中作宾语。故填： the boy ；whom ；（ praise 的）宾语；老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。感谢下载载(3) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是 fruit trees ，关系代词是 which ，在从句中作主语。故填： fruit t

31、rees ；which ；主语；曾经只在中国种植的果树在世界许多地方都可以见到。(4) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是the gold medal，关系代词是 which ，在从句中作宾语。故填： the gold medal；which ；（won 的）宾语；她曾经获得的金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(5) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是 the woman ，关系代词是 that ，在从句中作宾语。故填： the woman ；that ；（about 的）宾语；我在报纸上读到的那个女人刚刚夺得一枚金牌。(6) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是 the report ，关系代词是 that ，在从句中作主语

32、。故填： the report ；that ；主语；由特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。(7) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是 the person ，关系代词是 whose ，在从句中作定语。故填： the person ；whose ；（ company 的）定语；我认识那个人，他的公司生产计算机。(8) 分子句子结构，可知先行词是 the house ，关系代词是 whose ，在从句中作定语。故填： the house ；whose ；（ window 的）定语；我曾经住在那个窗子比一般窗户大很多的房子里。2.【答案】 John wanted to give 100 yuan as a

33、 reward to the taxi driver who hadfound his wallet.【解析】第 12页，共 25页精品want to do sth.想要做某事，动词短语；give sb. sth. 给某人某物，动词短语，在这里用不定式作want 的宾语； as a reward作为回报，介词短语；who had found his wallet.捡到他钱包的，限制性定语从句，who 在定语从句中充当主语，表示人，出租司机the taxi driver是被修饰的部分，也就是先行词，故译为ohn wanted to give 100 yuan as a reward to the

34、 taxidriver who had found his wallet。3.【答案】I think highly of those who work hard to achieve their dreams (for theirdreams).【解析】分析句意，此句应用一般现在时。 我 I，主格，高度评价 .think highly of.，those 那些，指示代词，后面接限制性定语从句，先行词those ，所以应用关系代词 who ，努力 work hard ，固定短语，实现他们的梦想achieve theirdreams（ achieve for their dreams），固定短语。

35、故答案是 I think highlyof those who work hard to achieve their dreams (for their dreams)。4【.答案】Supposed your best friend has a new boy/girlfriend who you don't like.Would you tell your friend how you feel?【解析】根据汉语意思可知， 假设 suppose ；后面加一个宾语从句， your best friendhas a new boy/girlfriend；接了一个定语从句who有 don&

36、#39;t like；你真实的感受 how有 feel ，故译为 Supposed your best friend has a newboy/girlfriend who you don't like. Would you tell your friend how youfeel?5.【答案】 1.regularly感谢下载载2.with3.it4.Drinking5.that6.so7.chemicals8.relaxed9.is10.better【解析】1.考查单词成分。句意：如果你能吃正确的食物并且有规律地运动。此处修饰动词，应用副词形式。故填regularly 。2.考查固定

37、搭配。句意：所以健康的饮食和规律的锻炼可能是身体健康的唯一途径。”：与.，同“along with.一道 为固定搭配。故填 with 。3.考查指示代词。句意：给身体提供所需的能量是很重要的。此处为一个定语从句，引导词that 在从句中作宾语可以省略，句子缺乏主语，用it 代指前面提到的 your body。故填 it 。4.考查非谓语动词。句意：饮用足量的水可以提高你的肤质并且给你健康的头发。此处用动名词短语做主语。故填Drinking 。第 14页，共 25页精品5.考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意：运动可以帮助你看起来很好，感觉良好，身体健康。在定语从句中，若先行词为不定代词，应使用引导词

38、that 。故填 that 。6.考查固定搭配。句意：步行和骑自行车计数，学校体育也是如此。so+ 助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 名词 / 代词，表示 .也一样。此处表示校园运动也和散步和骑自行车一样有助于身体健康。故填so 。7.考查名词形式。句意：你的身体生产出化学物质。根据句意，可知应该用复数形式。故填chemicals 。8.考查动词形式。 句意：放松，提高你学习的能力。 此处描述人的主观感受，应使用 -ed 形式。故填 relaxed 。9.考查主谓一致。句意：每天晚上大量的睡眠对你的健康也很重要。主语是sleep ，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数，文章时态为一般现

39、在时，故填 is。10. 考查形容词比较级。 句意：如果你遵循上面的建议， 你将在任何时候看起来和感觉很好。 much 修饰比较级。故填 better 。6.【答案】【小题1 】which【小题 2】the【小题 3】感谢下载载loudest【小题 4】looking【小题 5】challenged【小题 6】scientist【小题 7】for【小题 8】them【小题 9】meant【小题 10 】to stay【解析】此处表示我不确定哪一个更加害怕。考查宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示" 哪一个 "。故填 which 。第 16页，共 25页精品at the top o

40、f固定短语，在.的顶端。故填 the 。考查最高级，后面有表示范围的词of all ，所以用最高级。故填loudest 。avoid doing sth.固定短语，避免做某事。故填looking 。feel 后面加形容词，作表语，表示" 被挑战的 "，所以用过去分词。故填challenged。考查名词，后跟定语从句，关系词用 who ，所以先行词为人。故填 scientist 。search for固定短语，寻找。故填for 。find 后面用人称代词宾格，作宾语，故填them 。根据前后句可知，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。故填meant 。感谢下载载allow s

41、b. to do sth.固定句型，允许某人做某事。故填to stay 。7.【答案】 1.to have received2.where3.Similarly4.their5.meaning6.traditional7.to improve8.to9.instead10.viewers【解析】略8.【答案】 C【解析】句意：所有的注意力都放在了电脑游戏上，他考试没能及格；这让他的父母非常失望。 with+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语 , 由句子成分分析可知，这里的concentrate和 his attention之间是被动关系，故用过去分词concentrated;他因玩游戏而考试不及格这件事让

42、父母非常失望，可知，前面整个主句做了后面句子的主语，在非限制性定语从句中，整个主句做主语放前面，用 which;故选 C。9.【答案】 B【解析】第 18页，共 25页精品句意：众所周知，龙代表中国，而熊象征俄罗斯。考查as 引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话内容，while 表对比，故选 B。10. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：她说，这栋建筑将在10 月前完工，我对此表示怀疑。which 引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面句子的内容， 从句中缺少宾语，只能用关系代词，而 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句， who 只能指人， when 是关系副词，故选 D。11. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：

43、我不同意你的论点所基于的论据。本句是介词 +which构成的定语从句， be based on以为基础，固定搭配。故选D。12. 【答案】 A【解析】考察定语从句，句意：故事发生在天气潮湿寒冷的一天。定语从句，先行词为 a day ，在从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when 。故选 A 。13. 【答案】 B【解析】本句意为 “你本应该知道不止一个学生和老师在雨中等着你。”首先，这个句子是个虚拟语气。 “你本应该知道 ”其实你不知道，是对过去的虚拟。其次，从句部分是倒装结构，如果不倒装就是：More than one student,together with all the teachers,was wai