高中英语新人教版选择性必修一Unit5 Reading and language

1、Section AReading and ThinkingSection BLearning about Language 【语篇解读】为了使首都更加绿色,巴黎市在2016年推出了“巴黎种植”项目,该项目计划在2020年之前用植被覆盖屋顶和墙壁。三分之一的空间将用于城市农业。The Worlds Largest Rooftop Urban FarmUrban farming is just one of the new agricultural models that will help feed a hungry and growing world.Using rooftops,indoor

2、 spaces,and community gardens,urban farming has become a global movement to produce sustainable(可持续的) food for people in need.Paris is just one large city that has rooftop farms.In an effort to make the city greener,in 2016 the city launched Parisculteurs,a project which plans to cover the rooftops

3、and walls with vegetation by 2020.One-third of the space is to be used for urban farming.Now,the worlds largest urban farm150,000 square feetis under construction in the south-west of the city on the roof of the Paris Expo Porte de Versailles,a huge entertainment complex(建筑群) that is being renovated

4、(翻新).The plan is to grow more than 30 different species of organic fruits and vegetables according to The Guardian. The garden is expected to harvest nearly 1,000 KG of produce every day in season.With the use of hydroponics(水培) and soil-free growing,the farm is expected to have a very small carbon

5、footprint.The farm will have its own on-site restaurant and bar with a capacity of around 300 people.Run by Paris famous chain of rooftop venues,Le Perchoir,will feature the produce grown on the farm.The farm will also offer educational tours,team building workshops,and will host special events.Acco

6、rding to The Guardian,residents will be able to lease(租用) their own small wooden crate vegetable plots to grow their own food.Paris is not the only city to have large scale urban farms.In New York City,Brooklyn Grange is one of the worlds largest urban farms.The farm opened in 2010 and consists of 6

7、5,000 square feet of the rooftop of a large warehouse.Although it produces thousands of pounds of produce a year,this is a very small amount compared to what is being built in Paris.词海拾贝launch vt.发起construction n.建设entertainment n.娱乐harvest vt.收获capacity n.容量compare vt.比较典句欣赏In an effort to make the

8、 city greener,in 2016 the city launched Parisculteurs,a project which plans to cover the rooftops and walls with vegetation by 2020.译文:为了使城市更加绿色,巴黎市在2016年推出了“巴黎种植”项目,该项目计划在2020年之前用植被覆盖屋顶和墙壁。分析:in an effort to make the city greener是介词短语作目的状语,Parisculteurs是句子的宾语,a project.是宾语的同位语,which引导的是定语从句。理解诱思1.W

9、hy did Paris launch the project Parisculteurs?2.What do you think of the project in Paris?答案:1.To make the French capitalParis greener.2.It not only makes the city greener,but also provides some farming experiences for the citizens.知识体系图解 devoteshortagetacklecrisisboostconvincecharacteristicattainco

10、nventionalassumptionintenseovercomeexpandoutputestimatedomesticconsumptioncomprisegenerateleisuresoilcelebritygrainvisionrealitysalty把用于;献身;致力;专心包括;包含;由组成(或构成)在内心深处;本质上;实际上作为而著名依靠几乎不关心国内外梦想出;虚构出除了被用来做.释义匹配1.shortage A.to have as parts or members,or to be those parts or members2.convinceB.a situation

11、 in which there is not enough of something that people need3.overcomeC.to guess the cost,size,value,etc.of something4.estimateD.to defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with priseE.to make someone feel certain that something is true答案:1.B2.E3.D4.C5.A.阅读导学根据pp5051课文内容,选择正确答案。1.Why does Yuan Lon

12、gping think himself as a farmer?A.His body is slim and strong.B.He farms the land in his research.C.He was born in a farmers family.D.He always learns from farmers.2.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A.Yuans decision to be a farmer.B.Yuans decision to study agriculture.C.Yuans parents ar

13、rangement for him.D.The shortage of food in the country.答案:B答案:B3.What was Yuans solution to food shortage?A.To expand farmers fields.B.To give the fields more water.C.To add more fertilizer to the fields.D.To create hybrid rice.4.What impresses people most about Yuan Longping?A.His ongoing ability

14、to fulfill his dreams.B.The output of his hybrid rice.C.His donations to agricultural research.D.His creation of “seawater rice”.答案:D答案:A重点词汇重点句式随堂练习1.devote vt.把献(给);把专用于;专心于【教材原句】Indeed,his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he has devoted his life.确实,他瘦削

15、但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。【词汇精讲】devote vt.把献(给);把专用于;专心于He thinks we should not devote any more time to this issue.他认为我们不应该再在这个问题上多花时间了。These artists devoted all their life to art.这些艺术家把终生献给了艺术。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】They devoted themselves to doing the scientific research job.他们把自己献身于科学研究工作。Hes dev

16、oted most of his time to his painting.他把大部分时间都花在了作画上。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服【教材原句】Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁确信,在杂交水稻的研制中可以找到答案。【词汇精讲】convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服Your argument is too weak to convince me.你的论点太薄弱了,说服

17、不了我。I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself,not with me.我努力说服自己麻烦是问题本身所引起的,而不是我自身(的麻烦)。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】I soon convinced him of my innocence.我很快便让他相信了我是清白的。We will try to convince her to stay.我们要尽力说服她留下来。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习3.attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到【教材原句】One char

18、acteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.杂交水稻的一个特点是它们通常比传统作物获得更高的产量。【词汇精讲】attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到After his graduation he returned and attained the degree of civil engineering.毕业后,他再回校攻读,获得了土木工程学学位。The old man attained great reverence from the young men

19、.这位老人在年轻人当中享有极高威望。He has attained the highest grade in his music exams.他在音乐考试中获得最高分。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习4.overcome vt.克服解决;战胜【教材原句】Through intense effort,Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.通过努力,袁隆平克服了巨大的技术困难,在1974

20、年研制出第一种可用于农业的杂交水稻。【词汇精讲】overcome vt.克服解决;战胜Molly had fought and overcome her fear of flying.莫莉已经努力克服了对飞行的恐惧。We overcame many unforeseen difficulties.我们克服了许多没有料到的困难。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习5.expand vt.& vi.扩大;增加vt.扩展;发展(业务)【教材原句】This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.这种杂交水稻使农民

21、大大增加了产量。【词汇精讲】expand vt.& vi.扩大;增加vt.扩展;发展(业务)Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热会膨胀。The new system expanded the role of family doctors.新体制扩大了家庭医生的作用。Weve expanded the business by opening two more stores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】We have plans to expand into the U.S.market.我们有进入美国市场的计

22、划。All the details are in the book,so I need not expand on it.所有的细节都在书上呢,我无须详述。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习6.estimate vt.估计;估价;估算n.估计;估算comprise vt.包括;包含;由组成【教材原句】Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains.据估

23、算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物【词汇精讲1】estimate vt.估计;估价;估算n.估计;估算He estimated the speed of the winds from the degree of damage.他根据破坏的程度估算风速。It is not easy to estimate how many people will come.很难估计多少人会来。I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of money you will need.我可以粗略地估计一下你所需要的钱。重点词汇重点

24、句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.这棵树估计至少700年了。It is estimated that the meeting will last four days.这次会议预计要开4天。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇精讲2】comprise vt.包括;包含;由组成The house comprises two bedrooms,a kitchen,and a living room.这所房子包括两间卧室、一间厨房和一间客厅。Girl students comprise 60%

25、 of the class.女生占班级的60%。【词汇拓展】be comprised of包括;包含;由组成(或构成)The class is comprised mainly of Italian and French students.该班主要由意大利和法国学生组成。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习1.Yuan Longping,known as the “father of hybrid rice”,is one of Chinas most famous scientists.袁隆平,被称为杂交水稻之父,是中国最著名的科学家之一。【句式剖析】known as意为“作为而

26、著名”,是过去分词短语,在句中作定语,修饰主语Yuan Longping。过去分词作定语时和所修饰的词有逻辑上的动宾关系。The new product finally passed the required test.新产品终于通过了要求的测试。There are many beautifully decorated houses in this rich area.这个富人区有许多装饰精美的房子。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【句式拓展】过去分词作定语时相当于定语从句。The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.=The meeting w

27、hich was held yesterday is of great importance.昨天举行的会议非常重要。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习2.Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。【句式剖析】given可作介词,表示“只要是;考虑到;假定;已知”等意思。“given + that从句意思是“考虑到”,

28、相当于considering。Given his background,its no surprise that he can do this.考虑到他的背景,他能做这件事情就不令人吃惊了。Given that he can get another chance,he will surely succeed.假定他能得到另一次机会,他肯定会成功。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习.课文语法填空Known as the “father of hybrid rice”,Yuan Longping considers 1. (him) a farmer because he conti

29、nually works the land in his research.He looks like 2. (million) of Chinese farmers,for 3. he has struggled for years.himselfmillionswhom重点词汇重点句式随堂练习Born in 1930 in Beijing,Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.After 4. (graduate),he worked as a researcher.He realised that la

30、rger fields were not the solution 5. food shortage.Instead,farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.Through intense effort,Yuan got over enormous technical 6. (difficulty) and developed the first hybrid rice in 1974,which enabled farmers 7. (expand) their output greatly.Yuans rice has h

31、elped feed not just China,but many other countries that depend on rice as well.Yuan Longping cares little for wealth and fame.Instead,he 8. (make) large donations to support agricultural research.9. impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability 10. (realize) his dreams.Despite his

32、 advanced years,Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision,and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up next.graduating/graduationtodifficultiesto expandmakesWhatto realize重点词汇重点句式随堂练习.概要写作(根据教材语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要)参考范文Born in 1930,Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural Col

33、lege in 1953.(要点1) After graduating,he worked as a researcher and tried to work out a solution to food shortage.(要点2)Through great efforts,he created the first hybrid rice in 1974,which enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.(要点3)Yuans rice has helped feed not just China,but many other count

34、ries.(要点4) Though he is known as the “father of hybrid rice”,he cares little for wealth and fame.(要点5)Discover useful structures: Subject clauses在复合句中充当主语成分的从句叫做主语从句。Discover useful structures: Subject clausesWhat Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.That Yuan Longping had rea

35、lised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole worldIts surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawarer rice.Discover useful structures: Subject clauses主语从句，即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all

36、.他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶此复合句主要描述的是某事让我们惊讶，某事就是该复合句的主语，因此“That he finished writing the composition in such a short time”便是该复合句的主语从句。引导主语从句的连词主要有：从属连词：that whether连接代词：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever连接副词：when where how why whenever wherever however引导词+主语+动词=主语从句试翻译:我们明天是否会去郊游仍旧未知。 tom

37、orrow remains unknown.Whetherwewill go for an outingDiscover useful structures: Subject clauses主语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响和限制,主语从句常作单数。（1）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet. 谁当我们的班长尚未决定。（2）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. “我们为谁而学习”是个很重要的问题。（3）What caused the accident remain

38、s unknown. 事故的起因是未知的。（4）Whatever you did is right. 你做的任何事都是正确的。（5）Whom the watch belongs to is unknown. 手表的归属是未知的。（6）What we need is time. 我们需要的是时间。（7）What we need are good doctors. 我们需要的是好的医生。Discover useful structures: Subject clauses归纳总结：主语从句必须有引导词；主语从句用陈述句语气。连词位于句首不能省略主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数，但也有例外.主语

39、从句引导词的选择主要是根据从句的结构和意义来选择。 如果从句的意义和结构完整，则用that。 如果从句的意义和结构不完整，则根据从句的意义和结构选择相应的引导词。练一练：用适当的连词填空_ bag it is cannot be told._ India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer.It is not yet decided _ cash crop will be produced next year._ he said was right.WhoseWhatWhat/Whateverwhich/whatDiscover usefu

40、l structures: Subject clauses比较that / what1. _ he wants is a book. 主语从句 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 主语从句 3. _ happened is not clear. 主语从句4. This is the best TV_ is made in China. 定语从句5. The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. 定语从句that 和what 的选用：that 和 what 都可引导主语从句。但

41、是，what除起连接作用外，还在主语从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语，相当于the thing(s) that；而that在主语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。WhatThatWhatthatthatDiscover useful structures: Subject clauses为了使句子保持平衡，常用it来代替主语从句，而把主语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。常用句型如下：It+ be +名词+ that 从句It+ be + 形容词+ that从句It+ be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句It + 不及物动词+ that从句Dis

42、cover useful structures: Subject clauses1. Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能/重要的是 /必要的是/很清楚2. Its known/reported/ thought/said that 据说/据报道3. It seems/appears/happens that 显然、明显、碰巧.4. Its been announced/declared that 已经通知/宣布5. Its no wonder that难怪/无疑6. Its a pity/a fact /a common

43、 knowledge (众所周知） / a common saying（俗话说）thatDiscover useful structures: Subject clauses翻译练习1. 他多长时间去看望奶奶取决于他能抽出多少时间。2. 那一年有多少人死于饥饿永远也不为人知了。3. 所有人都知道火药最初是由中国人发明的。4. 造成事故的原因仍旧是个秘密。 How often hell go to see his grandmother depends on the time he can spare. How many people died from starvation that year

44、 will never be known. It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. It is still a mystery what caused the accident.Discover useful structures: Subject clauses下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析原因。1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.改：在Light前加That。that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略

45、。2. If shes coming or not doesnt matter much.改：将If变为Whether。if, whether都可表示“是否”, 但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3. That the professor said is of great importance.改：将That改为What。that引导主语从句时无词义，只起一个连接的作用。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”，said后面还需要一个宾语，就只能用what。Discover useful structures: Su

46、bject clauses下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析原因。4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.改：将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.改：将No matter who变为Whoever。引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.改：将r

47、emain变为remains。主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。Discover useful structures: Subject clausesDiscover useful structures: Subject clausesTranslate the completed sentences into Chinese.1. 这些小麦农场主什么时候加入这个试验仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。2. 我们如何才能找到一个适合的解决办法来生产足够的粮食同时保持环境安全是我们 要研究的一个重要主题。3. 令人多人担忧的是这些化学药品甚至能导致癌症。4. 这些蔬菜甚至能通过这种新技术无土种植，

48、令我们所有人都很吃惊。5. 生活方式慢节奏而且健康是很多人更愿意住在乡下而不是城里的原因。Discover useful structures: Subject clauses12431. the fact that the vegetables look beautiful on the outside 2. the thing that she is unhappy about 3. the way that they are going to spend their retirement 4. the question whether they can live a healthy li

49、fe Discover useful structures: Subject clausesWhat I have forgottenisItWhosehas notDiscover useful structures: Subject clausesCombine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.1. Can we control pests without causing any ill effects? This still remains a question. (Whether)2. Agriculture is t

50、he foundation of our country. This is well known. (It)3. Some less-developed countries are suffering frood shortage. It is a serious problem in the world.(That)Whether we can control pests without causing any ill effects still remains a question.Its well known that agriculture is the foundation of our country.That some less-developed countries are suffering frood shortage is a serious problem in the world. Discover useful structures: Subject clausesCombine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.4. Some herdsmen in Inner Mongolia fix elecronic snesors to their