五个基本句型翻译练习及答案

1、基本句型说明：主系表结构2.她昨天回家很晚。4.会议将持续两个小时。6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。8.每天八时开始上课。10.五年前我住在北京。12.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。14.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。16.太阳在照耀着。18.宇宙长存。20.管它呢？22.他们谈了半个小时。本结构是由 主语+系动词 +表语组成，主要用以说明 主语的特征，类属，状态，身份 等。 系动词有（ 1）表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound.（2）表示状态延续的（3）表示状态变化的 翻译练习：1. 我的兄弟都是大学生。3. 布朗夫人看

2、起来很健康。5. 孩子们，请保持安静。7. 她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。9. 树叶已经变黄了。11.这是本英汉辞典。13.他堕入了情网。15.他长得又高又壮17. 我们井干枯了。remain, stay, keep, continue, stand. become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow.2. 冬季白天短，夜晚长。4. 十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了6. 这本书是有关美国历史的书。8. 他失业了。10. 这个报告听起来很有意思。12. 午餐的气味很好。14. 一切看来都不同了。16. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。18. 他的脸红了。基本句型 主谓结构

3、说明：本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成 , 常用来表示主语的动作。如， The sun rises. 主语可有修饰语 - 定语，如， The red sun rises.谓语可有修饰语 - 状语，如， The red sun rises in the east 翻译练习：1. 你应当努力学习。3. 那天早上我们谈了很多。5. 在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。7.1919 年，在北京爆发了“五 .四”运动。9. 这个盒子重五公斤。11. 爱丽丝很会游泳。13. 秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。15. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。17. 月亮升起了。19.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。21

4、.他所讲的没有什么关系。23.这支笔书写流利。122.今天下午我想同你谈谈。4.他们成功地完成了计划。6.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。8.Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。10.他不知道说什麽好。12.我开窗户你在意吗？14.他说： " 早上好！ "16. 他承认犯了错误。I. 我不信任那个人。3. 圣诞节我们将去看望外籍教师。5. 五分钟内我们是不可能解出这道题来的7. 这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。9.沸腾的水散发水蒸汽。II. 脱掉你的外套，走前再穿。13.我们必须派人去请医生2 .他指出了我的作文中的错误。4. 你们必须在课后把练习本交上来。6. 他们高度赞扬了英雄的业迹。8

5、. 你在工作中可依靠他。10. 写完作文后，我们必须把它从头到尾看一遍12. 人们会把她找出来的。基本句型 双宾语结构说明：主语 +及物谓语动词 + 间接宾语（人） + 直接宾语（事物） 如： He brings me cookies every day.She made me a beautiful dress.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for.翻译练习：I. Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。3. Mary 把钱包交给校长了。5. 他把车票给列车员看。7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车9. 请你给我弄一本新的，好吗？II. 新式机器将会为你节

6、省许多劳动。2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？6. 这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船10. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？12. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。基本句型 主谓宾结构 （一）说明：此结构是由 主语 +谓语 +宾语 够成。其中的 谓语动词须是及物的动词或及物的动词词组 宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分 。 翻译练习：1. 昨晚我写了一封信。3. 这本书他读过多次了。5. 你们必须在两周内看完这些书。7. 我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。9. 我们大家都相信 Jack 是一个诚实男孩11. 他每天早晨洗冷

7、水澡。13. 他们吃了剩饭。15. 我想喝杯茶。主谓宾结构（二）说明： 主语 +动词短语 +宾语Eg. point out （指出）find out （找出）,give up （放弃）,give away （赠送，分发）,look after （照顾），look at （瞧），think of （考虑，评价），send for （派人去请），deal with（对付，应付）,object to反对）翻译练习：1413. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。15. 他对她什么都不拒绝。17. 我洗了我的汽车。19. 他教我开机器。14. 他给你带来了一本字典。16. 我给他看我的照片18. 我告诉他汽车晚点了

8、。2.他的父母给他取名为 John.4.他们把门推开了。6.我们要使学校变得更美丽。8.我要你把真相告诉我。10.明天我要找人来修理机器。12.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。14.他每个月理一次发。16.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了18.男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。20.他感到很难跟你交谈。22.我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。24.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。26.他们把门漆成绿色28.他们发现那房子无人居住。30.我们送他出去32.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。2.这个村子过去只有一口井。4.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。基本句型 复合宾语结构 说明 : 主语+及物的谓语动词 +宾语 +宾补足 宾语与宾

9、语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。 可以用做宾补的有，名词，形容词， 副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词。如，The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，是英语常用句型。即 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如， I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 翻译练习1. 我们叫她 Alice.3. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。5. 他们把小偷释放了。7. 他

10、请我们参加做游戏。9. 卫兵命令我们立即离开。11. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。13. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的。15.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。17. 她正在听人家讲故事。19. 我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 21.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。23.学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。25. 他们任命他当经理。27. 这使得他们要细想一想。29. 他怎么会这样想？31. 他要我早点回来。基本句型 There be 句型 说明： there + be + 主语 + 状语 用以 表达存在有 ，一种无主语的有 。翻译练习：1. 今晚没有会。这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。155.

11、 天气预报说下午有大风。7.战前这儿一直有家电影院的。9.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。11.就只剩下二十八美元了。13.铃响了。6. 灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。8. 恰好那时房里没人。10. 公共汽车来了。12. 在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。二月份有二十八天。16#4. 她以为我正谈论她的女儿 ,然而事实上我正在谈论我的女儿6. 小明肯定在家 ,因为他家的灯亮着 .简单句基本句型1. 这本书让孩子们读太难了 .3. 他发现他们坐在桌旁下棋 .5.他查阅英汉词典以查明这个词确切的含义.7. 要她用现金买车是不可能的 .9. 我们确实有自己的校车 . 并列句基本句型1. 再努力一

12、下 , 你肯定能考上重点大学 .3. 天下着雨 ,因此野餐被延期 .5.他不仅冲洗汽车 , 而且又擦拭了它 .7.昨天早上九点雨下得很大 ,因此我们没去划船9.不是她对了 , 就是你对了 . 名词性从句基本句型1. 今年这所大学将招收更多的学生是真的 . 3.他想当然地认为花费将会很低 .5.无论谁做应该迅速做好 .7.消息传来 ,前线急需医务人员 .9.养成良好的学习习惯对我们来说是非常重要的 定语从句1. 他不来北京的理由是下月他们将开科学大会3.她又改变了主意 , 这使我们大家都生气了 . 状语从句2. 董事们选举约翰为银行经理 .4. 老人凝望着照片 ,陷入了沉思 .6. 只有这样你们

13、才有希望改善那里的局势 .8. 铃响了 .让我们开始上课 .10. 每天一定要留出半个小时进行口语练习 .2. 别再粗心了 ,否则你意识不到会犯同样的错误8. 正当我在街上闲逛时 ,我看见一家裁缝店2. 问题在于他是否在合同上签了字 .4. 你想她为什么突然大哭起来 ?6. 他保持沉默的原因是因为他失败了 .8.我想他下午不会来 .10. 毫无疑问现在英语是世界上用得最广泛的语言之一他完成工作的方式令我们吃惊 .#1. 虽然他累了 , 但是他坚持工作 . 2.虽然他是位伟大的科学家 ,但是他仍保持谦虚而且在大学担任普通教师工作2. 如果你不想冒失败的危险 ,你可以试一试 . 4 老师叫我们在有

14、问题的地方打上记号 .5. 鸟飞得越高 , 我们就越看不清楚 .6.他一声不吭地坐着 ,仿佛在深思 .7. 这女孩谈钢琴不是因为她喜欢弹钢琴 ,而是因为她父亲强制她学 . 各种句式的综合运用翻译1. 就在教师节那天我送给英语老师一束花表示对她的尊敬.2.花了几个月时间修建了通往省城的道路3. 凭借录音机的帮助 ,我感到很容易改进我的语音 .4. 所有的学生都知道 ,人人都应该在校至少读九年直到初中毕业为止.5. 我原先希望能准时到达 ,但是因为大雾飞行航班延误了 .6.接受她的邀请吧 ,不然她会生气的7. 明天早晨早些出发 ,那么午饭前你肯定能到城里 .8. 他说他宁可用一部分时间打工挣钱而不

15、向朋友借.9. 我的意见是我们应该弄清楚有利条件和不利条件.10.窃贼正要逃走时警察赶到了 .11. 这位优秀生在考试中得了高分 ,结果被一家名牌大学录取了 .12. 老人穿马路时眼睛盯着红绿灯看 .13. 随着这男孩的长大 ,他的父母对他越来越失望了 .14. 我从来不准在会场抽烟 ,要抽烟的都必须离开办公大楼 .15.这是你第一次病得这么厉害吗 ?16. 即使目前没有人理解我们 ,我们也将坚持我们的研究工作 .17. 这两位陌生人在交谈 ,就好像是多年的老朋友似的 .18. 直到火被熄灭后消防队员们才离开那个地方.19. 到过乡下的任何一个人都知道你所谈及的事不可能发生在中国的乡村.20.

16、 这男孩不仅长高了许多而且成了好学生 .21. 我们学校大多数用功的学生都可能进入好大学.22. 正在印刷中的教科书将替代去年使用的课本.23. 他们住在一幢大房子里 ,房子的前面有一个花园 .24. 我认为买一本大的英汉词典很有必要 .25. 你一定丢失了什么东西 ,不然不会看起来这么担忧 .26. 据报道 ,那个国家的军队正在攻击它的邻国 .27. 有老师的帮助和鼓励 ,学生们取得了越来越好的成绩 .28. 只有当你理解领会了这种知识 ,才能把它记住 .29. 过了一个月他才回家 ,结果他的叔父已经离开了 .30. 要是当初你听了张老师的劝告 ,你就不会惹上这麻烦 .31. 看到孩子们手拿

17、鲜花走进大厅 ,我们全都站了起来 .32. 他对实验结果大失所望 ,只能从头再做一次 .33. 无论什么时候你有困难 ,都可以找我帮忙 .34. 即将竣工的地铁将是上海最重要的工程之一.35. 使河流变清不是件容易的事 ,但我们的政府已经下决心要清除污染.36. 难道你不认为这样和你的老师说话是不礼貌的吗?37. 你将来做什么样的工作完全取决于你 ,希望你不会后悔你作出的选择 .38. 我建议你做功课先复习一下课文 ,这样你可以避免犯许多错误 .39. 我丢失了自行车的钥匙 ,哪儿也找不到 .40. 今天能结束的事不应该留待明天 .学会利用时间就意味着取得成功 .主谓结构参考答案：1.You

18、should study hard.2.She went home very late yesterday evening.3. That morning we talked a great deal.4. The meeting will last two hours.5. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.6. Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.7. The May Fourth Movement

19、 broke out inBeijing in 1919.8. Classes begin at eight every day.9. This box weighs five kilos.10.I lived in Beijing five years ago.11. Alice swims very well.12. John ' s father died last night.13.In autumn, some birds fly to the south.14. My grandfather gets up early in the morning.太阳在照耀着 月亮升起了

20、。15. Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.1. The sun | was shining.2. The moon | rose.3. The uni verse | remai ns.宇宙长存。管它呢？ 他所讲的没有什么关系 他们谈了半个小时。 这支笔书写流利。4. We all | breathe, eat, and drink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5. Who | cares?6. What he said | does not matter.7. They | talked

21、for half an hour.8. The pen | writes smoothly主语 +系动词 +表语参考答案：1. My brothers are all college students.2.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.3. Mrs Brown looks very healthy.4. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.5. Children, keep quiet please.6. This book is about the hi

22、story of the United States.7. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.8. He is out of work.9. The leaves have turned yellow.10. The report sounds interesting.1. This | is | an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。2. The dinnersmellsgood.午餐的气味很好。3. He fell in love.他堕入了情网。4. Everythinglooks

23、different.一切看来都不同了。5. He is growing tall and strong.他长得又高又壮6. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。7. Our well has gone dry.我们井干枯了。8. His face turned red.他的脸红了。主谓宾结构（一）1.I wrote a letter last night.2.I want to talk with you this afternoon.3.He has read this book many times.3. They

24、have carried out the plan successfully.4. You must finish reading these books in two weeks.5. That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.7.I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.8. Jim cannot dress himself.9. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.10. He did not know what t

25、o say.11. He takes a cold bath every morning.12. Do you mind my opening the window?6. He I said | "Good morning."他说："早上好！"7.1 I want I to have a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。8. He I admits I that he was mistaken.他承认犯了错误。主谓宾结构（二）参考答案：1don' t believe in（介）that man.2. He pointed out （副） the

26、 mistakes in my composition.3.On Christmas Day, we will call on （介） our foreign teachers.3. You must hand in （副） your exercise-books after class.4. We cannot work out （副） the problem in five minutes.5. They spoke highly of the deeds of the hero.6. The nurse will take good care of your father.7. You

27、can depend on （介） him in your work.8. Boiling water gives off （副） steam.9. After writing a composition,we must go over （介） it.10. Take off your coat and put it on （副） before you leave.11. People will find her out （副） .12. We must send for （介） a doctor双宾语结构参考答案：1. Mr Johnson taught us German last yea

28、r.2. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.4. Would you please pass me the dictionary?5. He showed the ticket to the conductor.6. This term I have written three letters to my parents.7. My father has bought me a new bike.8. Robinson Crusoe made

29、 himself a boat.9. Will you please get me a new copy?10.Shall I call you a taxi?11. The new machine will save you a lot of labour1. She I ordered | herself | a new dress.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。2. She | cooked | her husband | a delicious meal.她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。3. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。4. He denies he

30、r nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。5. Ishowed himmy pictures. 我给他看我的照片6. Igave my cara wash. 我洗了我的汽车。7. I | told | him | that the bus was late.我告诉他汽车晚点了。8. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。主语 +及物的谓语动词 +宾语 +宾语补足语1. We call her Alice.2. His parents named him John.3. All of us considered him honest.4. The

31、y pushed the door open.5. They have set the thief free.6. We will make our school more beautiful.7. He asked us to join in the game.8.1 want you to tell me the truth.9. The guards ordered us to leave at once.10. Tomorrow I 'll have someone repair the machine.11. Every morning we hear him read En

32、glish aloud.12. The pain made him cry out.13. We won't let her go out at night.14. He has his hair cut once a month.15.1 ' ll get my recorder mended.16. The terrible sound made the children frightened.17.She is listening to someone telling stories.18. The boys were watching the soldiers dril

33、ling.19.1 have never seen the word used that way before.20. He felt it very difficult to talk with you.21.1 think it more comfortable to go there by ship.22.1 consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.23.The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.

34、24.1 thought it no use talking with that man1. They appointed him manager. 他们任命他当经理。2. They | painted | the door | green.他们把门漆成绿色3. This | set | them | th inking.这使得他们要细想一想。4. They found the house deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。5. What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想？6. Wesawhimout. 我们送他出去7. Heasked meto come ba

35、ck soon. 他要我早点回来。8. I saw them getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。There be 句型参考答案：1. There isn ' t going to be a meeting tonight.2. There was only a well in the village.3. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.4. Among the guests there were two Americans and two Fre

36、nchmen.5. The weatherman says there ' ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.6. The light is on. There must be someone ion the office.7. There used to be a cinema here before the war.8. There happened to be nobody in the room.9.Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.10. There c

37、omes the bus.11. There remained just twenty-eight dollars.12.In front of the cave, there stands(grows) a tall pine tree.13. There goes the bell.14. There are twenty-eight days in February基本句型1. This book is rather too difficult for children.2. The directors elected John manager of the bank.3. He fou

38、nd them seated at the table, playing chess.4. The old man was deep in thought with his eyes fixed on the photo.5. He looked up the word in the English-Chinese dictionary to find out its exact meaning.6. Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.7. It ' s impossible for her to

39、buy a car with cash.8. There goes the bell. Let ' s begin our class.9. We do have a school bus of our own.10. Be sure to set aside half an hour each day for oral practice.1. Another effort, and you are sure to enter a key university.2. Don 't be careless again, or you won't be aware of m

40、aking the same mistake.3. It was raining, therefore the picnic was postphoned.4.She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.5. Not only did he wash the car but he polished it.6. Xiao Ming must be at home, for the lights are still on.7. It was raining

41、 heavily at nine yesterday morning, so we didn boating. ' t go8. I was wandering in the street when I caught sight of a tailor ' s shop.9. Either she or you are right.1. That the college will take in more new students this year is true. / It is true that2. The question is whether he has sign

42、ed the contract.3. He took it for granted that the expenses would be low.4. Why do you think she burst into tears?5. Whoever does it should do it well quickly.6. The reason why he kept silent was that he had failed.7. Word came that medical workers were badly needed at the front.8. I don' t thin

43、k that he will come this afternoon.9. It ' s important for us to form a good habit of studying.10. There is no doubt that English now is one of the world' s most widely used languages.1. The reason why he will not come to Beijing is that they will have a scientific conference next month.2. T

44、he way (that / in which) he finished the work surprised all of us.3. She changed her mind again, which made all of us angry.1. Tired as he was, he stuck to his work.2. Great scientist as he is, he remains modest and works as an ordinary teacher at college.3. If you don ' t want to run the risk o

45、f failure, you can have a try.4. Our teacher told us to make a mark where we have questions.5. The higher the bird flies, the less clearly we can see it.6. He sat silently as though he was deep in thought.7. The girl learned to play the piano not because she liked to play it, but because her parents

46、 forced her to.1. It was on Teachers ' Day that I sent my English teacher a bunch of flowerswtoheshr omy respect.2. It took several months to repair the road leading to the capital of the province.3. I feel it easy to improve my pronunciation with the help of a tape recorder.4. As is known to al

47、l the students, one should study at school for at least nine years till he graduates from a junior middle school.5. I had hoped to arrive on time, but the flight was delayed because of a heavy fog.6. Accept her invitation, or she will be offended.7. Start early tomorrow morning, and you are sure to

48、reach the town before lunch-time.8. He says he prefers making money by doing a part-time job to borrowing money from his friends.9. My opinion is that we should be clear about the advantages as well as the disadvantages.10. The thief was just about to escape when the police arrived.11. The top stude

49、nt got a very high score in the exam so that he was admitted by a famous university.12. Walking across the street, the old man fixed his eyes on the traffic lights.13. As the boy grew up, his parents became more and more disappointed with him.14. I never allow smoking in the meeting-room; anyone who

50、 wants to smoke will have to stay away from the office building.15. Is this the first time that you have been so sick?16. We will stick to our research work even if nobody understands us at present.17. The two strangers are talking as if they had been friends for many years.18. Not until the fire wa

51、s put out did the firemen leave the place.19. Anyone who has been to the countryside knows that what you mentioned coul dn' t have happened in the countryside of China.20. Not only is the boy much taller than before, but he has become a very good student as well.21. Most of the students working hard in our schoo