2019届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习语法填空专题训练：语法填空训练1(含解析)(20220121161949)

1、专题四语法填空训练 1A(2019 东北三省四市一模)The choices people make can cause can cer.Not every one who 1 (use) tobacco products will getcancer, but the cha nee of gett ing certa in2 (type) of cancer in creases withtobacco use.The recent research 3 (show) us that the con sta nt misuse or overuse of alcohol may cause

2、cancer of the mouth and throat as well recen tly.Sometimes cancer can be caused by radiati on 4 (find) in sun light and X rays, in additi on 5other places.This does nt mean you should stop getti ng X rays or stay in doors,but limit ing your 6 (expose) to radiati on can reduce the cha nces of develop

3、 ing can cer.The X rays youget at 7 doctors or den tists office are not 8 (typical) eno ugh to cause cancer.And sometimes, the reas on9 some one gets cancer is simply an unfortun atemystery.Some cells in the body may start to in crease and cha nge.Doctors and researchers can see ithappe ning,10 they

4、 cannot provide a descripti on of why it started.本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了一些可能会导致患癌的原因，如吸烟、喝酒、阳光和X射线辐射，但这并不绝对。所以有些人患癌的原因仍是一个谜。1.uses 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此句为关系代词who 引导的定语从句，先行词为 不定代词“ every on e”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数；且此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填 use& 2.types 考查名词的复数。句意：患某些类型癌症的概率会随着烟草的使用而增大。根据语境可知，此处应用名词复数。故填types。3.has shown 考查动

5、词的时态。句意：最近的研究已经向我们证明酗酒或过度地饮酒可能也会导致口腔癌和咽喉癌。句中含有时间状语“recently”，故应用现在完成时。故填hasshown。4.found 考查非谓语动词。句意：有时癌症是由于阳光和X 射线的辐射引起的 分析句子结构可知，动词 find 在句中为非谓语，与其逻辑主语radiation 之间为动宾关系。故填found。5. to考查固定短语。 in addition to为固定短语，意为“除.之外”，符合语境。故填to。6.exposure 考查词性转换。根据空格前的your可知，此处为形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填 expose 的名词形式 exposur

6、e。7.the 考查冠词。 句意：你在医院或牙科诊所里照的X 射线通常不足以引起癌症。 at thedoctors 是固定搭配，意为在医院”。故填冠词the。8.typically 考查词性转换。空 格 处 修 饰 形 容 词enough”，应用 typical 的副词形式。故填 typically。9. why 考查定语从句。句意：有时一些人患癌症的原因仅仅只是一个不幸的谜团。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代先行词 reason,在从句中作原因状语。 故填 why。10.but 考查连词。句意：医生和研究者能够观察到它正在发生，但是他们无法解释它开始的原因。空格前后为转折关系。故填

7、but。B(2019 合肥三模)Baidu is not a doctorWhen people11(face) with a health or nutrition question, its _ 12(in creas ing) com mon to go on li ne and diag no se(诊断)themselves.But the Internet is full of con flict inghealth warnings with no regulati on to get rid of the wrong advice, some of which _13 (be)

8、 extremely dangerous!Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather tha n14 (accurate), so solid factscan be tricky to findts worth 15 (check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as anexpert.Anyone can call16 (they) a “dietexpert，“nutritionist ”andeven a “ doctor given it

9、could refer to qualifications like a PhD.But remember, only officially17_(recognise) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical_18(suggest). So if youre unsure and still wondering19 the chocolate diet really does work ornot, then it pays to make 20appointment with your d

10、ietitian or doctor.The truth is outthere, and you just n eed to look in the right place!本文是一篇说明文。当很多人有健康或营养方面的问题时，他们会直接去百度搜索，自我诊断。这其实是不科学的，因为搜索引擎的结果是按照受欢迎的程度而不是按照准确性来 排序的。因此百度不是医生，遇到问题，最好和医生预约，去该去的地方。11.are faced 考查固定搭配和动词的时态。be faced with.是固定搭配，意为面对”。people 为集合名词，谓语动词应用复数形式；又因全文时态为一般现在时，故填are faced

11、。12.increasingly 考查词性转换。此处用increasing的副词形式修饰形容词common”。故填 increasingly。13.is 考查主谓一致。 分析句子结构可知， 本句的主语是 some of which ”，which 指代前面的不可数名词 advice”，故空格处应用 be 动词的单数形式。此处应用一般现在时。故填is。14. accuracy 考查词性转换。句意：同时，搜索引擎的排位结果是按受欢迎程度而不是按准确性.空格处和前面的名词popularity 并列，故应用名词形式。故填accuracy。15.checking 考查非谓语动词。be worth doi

12、ng sth.是固定结构，意为值得做某事”。 故填checking。16.themselves 考查代词。 句意：任何人都可自称为饮食专家，营养学家. call on eself.意为自称.”。故填themselves。17.recognised 考查非谓语动词。此处表示官方认可的，逻辑主语doctors和动词“ecog nise 之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词形式。 18.suggestion考查词性转换和名词的复数。空格处作非谓语动词giving 的宾语，应用 名词形式，指只有被官方认可的医生才有资格给出医学建议，因此用复数形式。故填suggestions。19.whether/if 考查

13、宾语从句。句意：如果你不确定，仍然想知道巧克力饮食是否会起作用. 宾语从句成分完整，在 wondering 后面表示不确定，拿不准，应用 whether/if,意为是否”。故填 whether/if。20. an 考查冠词。此处表示和医生预约，是泛指概念。appointment 是可数名词，且其读音以元音音素开头。故填an。C(2019 武汉调研)The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship_21Sydney in the State of New South Wales and G

14、uan gzhou in the prov ince of Guangdong, Chin a(sistercities of sister states), to mark Australias bice ntenary in 1988.The garden22 (design) and built by Chinese Iandscape architects and gardeners23_(follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin Yang” and the five opposite elements earth, fire, water,metal

15、 and wood.These principles also stress the24 (important) of Qi, the centralforce of life and en ergy.Yin Yang 25 (play) such a vital role that just one missing element would disrupt( 扰舌 L ) the13.is 考查主谓一致。 分析句子结构可知， 本句的主语是 some of which ”，which 指代前面gardens harmony and balanee.However, when26(combin

16、e) perfectly, the five elementsform a fluid and nu rturi ng en vir onment. Everyth ing you encoun ter in the garde n has bee n hand picked and very carefully placed to capture the five eleme nts and the en ergy of Qi.Unlike western style garde ns, there are no pla nted flowerbeds 27 n eatly cut lawn

17、s.lnstead,wild 28 (aspect) of nature are recreated in Iandscapes29 featurewaterfalls , mountains, lakes and forests.The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang Dynasty 3, 000years ago.Darling Harbours Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small scale version of a _30(type)p

18、rivate garde n from this time.本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景。21. between 考查连词。between.and.意为在.和.之间”，此处指作为两个城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境。故填between。22. was designed 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的。主语 The garden与 design之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去 发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was designed。23. following 考查非谓语动

19、词。此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则。根据语境可知，“architects and gardeners与动词 follow 之间构成主动关系，故应用 follow 的现在分词形式作状语。24. importance 考查词性转换。句意：阴阳和五行强调气的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根据词法知识可知，此处应用important 的名词形式作动词 stress 的宾语，且用定冠词 the 修饰。故填 importanee。25. plays 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要 素的缺失都会扰乱花园的和谐与平衡。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因

20、此用一般现在时；主语Yin Yang 是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填 plays。26. combined 考查非谓语动词。句意：当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流动的培养环境。此处 when 引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语fhe five elements 与动词 combine 之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be 动词可省略。故填 combined。27. or 考查连词。句意：与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪。在否定句中表示“和用连词or。28.aspects考查名词复数。根据下文中的are recreated可知主语是复数。

21、 故填 aspects29. that/which 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“andscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用 that 或 which 引导。30.typical 考查词性转换。根据空格前的a和空格后的 private garden 可知，此处应用 形容词作定语，故填 typical。(2019 南昌二模)I want to talk about Miss Smith, a history teacher I had at sec on dary school31 I wasabout 15

22、.Most of the teachers I had were OK,32 they gave the feeli ng that it was just ajob.It seemed that Miss Smith really 33 (love) both history and teach ing it.One of the 34 (good) things about her less ons was that we did nt always have to study in anordinary way.For example, rather tha n write an art

23、icle for homework, usually we were allowed 35_ (work)with a friend to write an imaginary dialogue between two historical _ 36(figure) . Then we could perform it for the class.I thi nk Miss Smith in flue need me in two importa nt ways.Firstly, she made me_37(in terest) in history.Now I still read boo

24、ks on history and watch TV programs about it whe n I get the chanee. 38(sec on d), she showed me how a teacher can use the stude nts own creativity tohelp them lear n.ln stead39 just being a kind of audie nee for less ons, we were in volved in40_ (decide) what happe ned in the less ons.本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍

25、了作者的初中历史老师。该老师与众不同，总是让课堂充满乐趣并布置学生喜欢的作业，从而赢得了学生的爱戴。31.when 考查连词。根据语境可知，Smith 老师是作者 15 岁上中学时的一个历史老师；分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导时间状语从句。故填when。32.but 考查连词。根据空格前的were OK及下文中的itwas just a job可知，作者的大部分老师都很好，但是他们给人的感觉是教书只是一份工作，空格前后表示转折。故填 but。33.loved 考查动词的时态。文章总体时态为一般过去时。故填loved。34. best考查形容词的最高级。“one of + the+形容词最高

26、级+名词复数”意为. 中最的一个”。根据语境可知，此处指她上课最大的一个优点是不总是用常规的方式教学。故填 best。35.to work 考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.意为允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。 故填to work。36.figures考查名词复数。根据空格前的two可知，此处应用可数名词figure 的复数 形式。故填 figures。37. interested 考查词性转换。“ make sb. +形容词”意为使某人.”，此处指使作者对历史感兴趣。故填interestedo38.Secondly 考查词性转换。根据上文中的Firstly 可知，此处应填

27、Secondly。注意首字母大写。39.of 考查介词。in stead of 意为“代替，而不是”。故填of。40.deciding 考查非谓语动词。介词in 后接动名词形式。故填deciding。E(2019 济南模拟)A computer program has beate n a huma n champi on at the ancient Chin ese board game, Go.ltmarked an important advanee for the 41 (develop) of artificial intelligence.The program, 42_ (cal

28、l)AlphaGo, had taught itself how to win.lt beat the Europea n champi on in all five games of a match inOctober.The developers say 43 (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve real worldproblems.Those could include making medical diagnoses and 44_ (con duct) scie ntific research.Prev

29、iously computers have beat humans in other 45 (game). But among classic games, Go haslong been viewed as the most challenging for artificial intelligence to master.Go originated in China more than 2 , 500 years ago. 46 game involves two players who take turnsputt ing markers on a checkerboard like g

30、rid.The object is to surro und more area on the board with themarkers than ones opponent(对手).Players obtain the opponents pieces _47 surrounding them.Therules are simple, 48play ing it is no t.lts probably the most complexgame ever created by huma ns.Martin Mueller, a computing science professor, 49

31、 (work) on Go programs for 30 years.He said thenew program “is really a big step up from everything else 50 weve seen.lts a very impressive piece ofwork. ”本文是一篇新闻报道。一个计算机程序在中国古代棋盘游戏中击败了一个人类冠军，这标志着人工智能发展的一个重大进步。41.development 考查词性转换。句意：它标志着人工智能发展的一个重要进步。定冠词 the 修饰名词，所以应用develop 的名词形式 development。the

32、development of.意为.的发展”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故填development。42.called考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词为had taught”，所以空格处应填非谓语动词形式；且动词 call 与其逻辑主语 The program 之间为动宾关系，所以 应用 call的过去分词形式。故填called。43.its 考查代词。句意：研发人员说，未来某天它的学习能力可能会使计算机帮助解决现实世界的问题。根据句意可知，此处应填 it 的形容词性物主代词 its 来修饰 learni ng ability”。44.conducting 考查非谓语动词。根据 a

33、nd 连接两个并列成分及and前的 making 可知， 空格处应用 con duct 的动名词形式，与 mak ing 并列作动词 include 的宾语。故填 con ducti ng。45.games 考查名词的复数。句意：之前在其他的游戏中，电脑已经击败了人类。other为形容词，意为“其他的”，表泛指，其后接名词复数。故填46.The 考查冠词。根据语境可知，本句中的game”特指上文中提到的Go 这个游戏。故填定冠词 the。47. by 考查介词。根据句意可知，游戏玩家通过围住对手的棋子来赢棋。表示“方式， 手段”应用介词 by，后接动名词。48. but 考查连词。句意：(比赛

34、的)规则很简单，但比赛(的过程)并不简单。根据句意可知，空格前后为转折关系。故填but。49.has worked 考查动词的时态。句意：MartinMueller 是一名计算机科学教授，他研究Go 这个游戏已经有三十年了。根据空格后的for 30 years可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has worked。50.that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句。先行词为 everything ”，在从句中作动词See”的宾语；由于先行词为不定代词，只能用 that 引导该定语从句。F(2019 福州质检)In China, the history of people plant

35、ing and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7, 000games。years.As early as the Shang Dyn asty, bamboo was being used in an cie nt peoples daily lives .It wasused for food, cloth ing, hous ing, tran sportati on, 51 (music) in strume nts and eve n weap ons.The52(apply) of bamboo in scie nce and tec

36、h no logy is thrilli ng.In 251 BC, Li Bin g, inSichuan,53(lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigationn etwork in the world, in which bamboo played54 importa nt role.The worlds oldest waterpipe was also 55 (make) of bamboo.Duri ng the Han Dyn asty, the people in Sichua n_56(success) sank a 1, 600 metre deep well with thick bamboo ropes.This tech no logy did not spreadto Europe 57the 19th cen tury, and it was by using the tech no logy58 theAmerica ns drill