初中现在完成时讲解

1、2020/11/302现在完成时现在完成时: have/ has +过去分词过去分词 1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。成的动作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back.2020/11/303 2) 表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作, 但强调结果或对但强调结果或对现在的影响。现在的影响。 Have you had your supper? I have read the book twice already. 在以上两种用法中常跟在以上两种用法中常跟already, not

2、yet, never, just, before, ever, recently等等时间继续下去的状语。时间继续下去的状语。2020/11/304 3) 表示过去已经开始表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在持续到现在, 也也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 He has studied English for 6 years. Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.2020/11/305 1. 1.直接加直接加-ed-ed。如：。如：

3、play-playedplay-played 2. 2.以字母以字母e e结尾的直接加结尾的直接加d d 。如：。如：name-name-namednamed 3. 3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y y结尾的，变结尾的，变y y为为i i加加eded。如：。如：carry-carriedcarry-carried 4. 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加双写这个辅音字母再加-ed-ed。如：。如：stop-stop-stoppedstopped2020/11/3061 1. .肯定句肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是现在完成时的肯定句式是“ha

4、vehave（hashas）过去分词）过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的注意：该句式中的havehave或或hashas是助动词，是助动词，hashas用于第三用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用人称单数，其它人称一律用havehave。2.2.疑问句疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或或has提提到主语之前。到主语之前。 （回答用回答用“Yes，have（has）“No，havent（hasnt）” ）3.3.否定句否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）过去分词过去分词”。 2020/11/307I have

5、 eaten my lunch.She has eaten her lunch.He has eaten his lunch.肯定句肯定句They have eaten their lunch.2020/11/308I have not (havent) seen the film. She has not (hasnt) seen the film.现在完成时的现在完成时的否定否定形式：形式：have not (havent) +过去分词过去分词 has not (hasnt) +过去分词过去分词 I havent eaten supper. eat-eatenHe hasnt change

6、d his idea. change-changedMy mother hasnt come back home. come-come否定句否定句2020/11/309Ive already had dinner. I _ _ dinner _.2. He has just finished his homework. He _ _ his homework _.3. Mums cooked the dinner. Mum _ _ the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. Susan _ _ English at school.havent

7、hadyethasnt finishedyethasnt cookedhasnt learned把下列句子改为否定句把下列句子改为否定句2020/11/3010Have you eaten your breakfast?现在完成时的一般疑问句形式现在完成时的一般疑问句形式Have/has 提前提前+过去分词过去分词 Have you known Sandy for a long time?Yes, I have/ No, I havent. know-knownHas she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m.Yes, she has/ No, she hasnt.

8、eat-eaten疑问句疑问句2020/11/3011Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school.Have you already had dinner?Has he just finished his homework?Has mum cooked the dinner? Has Susan learned English at school?把下列句子改为一般疑问句把下列句子改为一般疑问句

9、2020/11/3012分清与一般过去时的用法分清与一般过去时的用法现在完成时属于现在时态的范围，现在完成时属于现在时态的范围，不能不能和表示过去和表示过去的时间状语连用，如的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last night,three weeks yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in1990ago,in1990等等. .而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。态，和现在不发生关系。eg- I have seen the film.eg- I have seen the film.eg- I saw

10、 the film last week.eg- I saw the film last week.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.2020/11/3013 Notes: 1) have gone to 与与have been to have gone to表示某人已离开了原地，去表示某人已离开了原地，去了另外某地，说话时，人已不在原地。后者了另外某地，说话时，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾表示某

11、人曾 have been to去过某地，说话时人已不在去过某地，说话时人已不在某地了。某地了。 He has been to Xian twice. 他曾经去过西安两次。（已经回来了）他曾经去过西安两次。（已经回来了） You cant find him. He has gone to Xian. 你找不到他。他去西安了。（没回来）你找不到他。他去西安了。（没回来）2020/11/3014动词填空：动词填空：1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) that already. Yes, we_(do) t

12、hat already. When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. We _(do) it an hour ago.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(come) here? 3. How many t

13、imes _you_(come) here? Once. Once.HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavecomecome2020/11/30154. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pa

14、irs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoki

15、ng last year.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegaveHaveHaveriddenriddenhas kepthas kept2020/11

16、/3016Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. What have you already done?What has he just done?Who has cooked the dinner?Where has Susan learned English?对划线部分提问对划线部分提问2020/11/3017（for+for+表示一段时间的词组，表示一段时间的词组，since+si

17、nce+表示过去某一时刻的词或词表示过去某一时刻的词或词组）组）谓语只可用延续性动词谓语只可用延续性动词. .eg.- Ive lived here for eg.- Ive lived here for 15 years15 years. .eg.- Ive lived here since eg.- Ive lived here since 15 years ago15 years ago(1990)(1990)选用选用forfor和和sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen ea

18、ch other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.5.His grandparents have b