高考题型七选五知识分享

1、高考题型七选五汇编命命 题题 特特 点点 一、选材特点。 一般为280300词左右的说明文或议论文( 单纯以时间或事件为线索的记叙文不宜于考查逻辑思维能力，一般较少出现)。 二、设空特点。 设空类型一般有: 其他其他标题类、标题类、主题句类、主题句类、承上启下类、承上启下类、概括总结类、概括总结类、 三、选项特点。 该题型选项大致可分为三类: 主旨概括句(文章整体内容) 过渡性句子(文章结构) 注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)Lets discuss to find more! 【例1】 The scientists say that the human life has changed grea

2、tly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. 72 So they are called “diseases of civilization”Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases. AStone Age people lived a simple life. BBut today, we e

3、njoy eating a lot of these. CIn that case, they would live much healthier. DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise. EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. F. People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors. GModern people used to suffer from “diseases of civiliz

4、ation”. 解析：E项的sicknesses与72空前的sicknesses属于同词复现。【例2】On the other hand, the advantages of going overseas may include daytoday opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. 73 .Those disadvantages

5、 include expense, time away from ones school, family，.AThe following are its advantages.BHowever, there may be a number of disadvantages.CConsider a distance education.DMost of us are adapted to studying at school.第一句话中有advantages，与B项属于反义词复现。空后的Those disadvantages与B项中的disadvantages属于同词复现。答案：B 一、细节类题

6、型解题技巧 1词汇的衔接 (1)词汇复现词汇复现 复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。【例3】Everybody gets stressed from time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Ta

7、lk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. _72_ They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. C . Different people feel stress in different ways E . You need to figure

8、 out what the problem is. F . And dont forget about your friends.72空前有trusted adult(可以相信的人)该空前的父母、亲戚；还有朋友(And.friends)。Parents should help their children understand money. 71 so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.D. Talk y

9、ourself what things that cost money are most important to you.E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest. (2)同范畴词出现同范畴词出现 同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一

10、般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。【例5】_73_ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger，then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. ADoctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. BHe said that laughter is much healthi

11、er than anger. CAnger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. 73空后的they与A项doctors照应。【例6】_72_ Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper. _73_ EI

12、n fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry. GSome kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids. 72空后的Their照应G项中的Some kids；答案：G73空前的people照应E项中的they答案：E (3)代词线索代词线索 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或某个概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 it 可指代单数名词或整个句子；they

13、或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子；these 或those指代前句的复数名词。【例7】 71 . Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. AYou must write your notes on separate paper. BThere are three practical notetaking methods. CFirst, the simple act of writing

14、 something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 空后的second明确暗示前面为first。答案：C 【例8】 4.Let it grow. It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your f

15、riend. 74 . The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. 5.Enjoy your friendship The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 75 Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to

16、be to you. A. Be cheerful. B. Do things together. C. Do not wait to be spoken to. D. Try not to find fault with your friends. E. Making new friends comes easy for some people. F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 与答案形

17、成因果关系。答案：G前后内容形成并列关系。答案：D2逻辑关系的衔接逻辑关系的衔接 过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：A.并列关系： First(ly)，Second(ly)，.；First, then/ next，.；In the first place, in the second place.；for one thing, for another thing，.；then /next, finally/last 等。B.递进关系： too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, whats more, in addition, a

18、s well, to make matters worse, not.but., not only.but also等。C.解释例证关系： for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words /that is to say等。D.因果关系： so /therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such.that.，so that.等。E.转折对比关系： but, however, yet, while /though,

19、 or /otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, yet, on the contrary, in contrast/comparison 等。F.概括归纳关系： in short, in brief, in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up 等。 二、 篇章结构类题解题技巧 根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1如果问题在段首 通常是段落

20、主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。【例9】(2010新课标全国卷)_73_When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.AShow your true interest. BRestate the question with respect.CSome ideas can be quite con

21、crete.所在空为该段大意。2如果问题在段尾 (a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 (d)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主

22、题的其他细节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。(e)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。 【例10】It is not easy to deal with all of our