红寺堡中学英语教研组

1、2022-2-161红寺堡中学英语教研组红寺堡中学英语教研组 陈艳陈艳Reading高考阅读理解新题型高考阅读理解新题型如何理解文章的如何理解文章的篇章结构篇章结构2022-2-162年宁夏高考英语阅读年宁夏高考英语阅读理解关于篇章结构的考试说明理解关于篇章结构的考试说明“英语文章讲究使用主题段和主题句主题段英语文章讲究使用主题段和主题句主题段通常在文章开头；主题句可能在一段的开头、通常在文章开头；主题句可能在一段的开头、中间或结尾；各段通常由某些起连接作用的词、中间或结尾；各段通常由某些起连接作用的词、句连接句连接。如果希望准确深刻地理解一篇文章，如果希望准确深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的

2、结构有所了解，把握全篇文脉，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握全篇文脉，把握句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系把握句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。”也就也就是说，必须具备理解文章结构的宏观阅读理解是说，必须具备理解文章结构的宏观阅读理解能力和微观阅读技能能力和微观阅读技能。2022-2-163 (1)Computers are very important in modern life.(2)It is thought that we wont have to go shopping because we will be able to get most things which are sold in

3、shops on the Internet. (3)There will be no more books because we will be able to get all texts from computers. (4) (5) We will use computers to see films and buy food, too. (6)Some people are glad about those new ways of shopping and communication. (7)Others do not think that computers will replace

4、our old ways.1.What is the logical relationship between Sentence 1 and Sentence 2?A.A.概括分述概括分述B.B.平行并列平行并列C.C.比较对比比较对比What is the logical relationship between Sentence 6 and Sentence 7?A.A.平行并列平行并列 B.B.转折转折 C.C.原因结果原因结果3. Which of the following sentence can be put in blank 4? why?A. So there is no n

5、eed to use computers.B. Most telephone calls will be made by computers.C. Computers are very expensive things.2022-2-164概括概括分述；原因分述；原因结果；结果；比较比较对比；平行对比；平行并列；并列；阐述阐述解释；举例解释；举例说明；说明；补充补充追述；总结追述；总结归纳归纳 所指所指代词代词文章逻辑结构文章逻辑结构语义关联语义关联2022-2-165 The more knowledge we possess, the greater power we have to do

6、 good or evil. If you were to become the most learned of men, it would be of no value, unless you made a right use of your knowledge. Fire is a good thing, if rightly used. but if badly used, it may burn down our houses, or even destroy our lives. for with it we may quench our thirst, grind our grai

7、n, and produce steam for engines; but like fire, it may also do much damage. The more knowledge wicked persons have, the more evil they will do; and the more knowledge good people have, the more good they will do. A. Water is likewise very useful;B. It may serve to warm us, and to cook our food; C.

8、Knowledge is power. D. In one word, knowledge has two sides. One is good, the other is bad.E. But a bad use of knowledge will produce much greater evil in the world than a wrong use of fire and water.F. So fire is a good thing.G. Therefore, while we are striving to acquire knowledge, we must seek al

9、so to become wise and good, that we may employ all our powers for the welfare of mankind.(1)(2)(5)(4)(3)2022-2-166G. Therefore, while we are striving to acquire knowledge, we must seek also to become wise and good.E. But a bad use of knowledge will produce much greater evil in the world than a wrong

10、 use of fire and water.B. It may serve to warm us, and to cook our food.A. Water is likewise very useful.C. Knowledge is power.转折转折转折转折quench our thirst, grind our grain, produce steam for engines.举例举例说明说明举例举例说明说明（第二段第二层次主题句）（第二段第二层次主题句）Fire is a good thing, if rightly used.（第二段第一层次主题句）（第二段第一层次主题句）

11、举例举例 说明说明 举例举例 说明说明（第一段主题句）（第一段主题句）( () )( (3 3) )总结总结归纳归纳( () )( () )burn down our houses, destroy our livesdo much damage( (2 2) ) 转折转折 转折转折平行平行并列并列2022-2-167G. Therefore, while we are striving to acquire knowledge, we must seek also to become wise and good.E. But a bad use of knowledge will produ

12、ce much greater evil in the world than a wrong use of fire and water.B. It may serve to warm us, and to cook our food.A. Water is likewise very useful.C. Knowledge is power.转折转折转折转折quench our thirst, grind our grain, produce steam for engines.举例举例说明说明举例举例说明说明（第二段第二层次主题句）（第二段第二层次主题句）Fire is a good th

13、ing, if rightly used.（第二段第一层次主题句）（第二段第一层次主题句） 举例举例 说明说明 举例举例 说明说明（第一段主题句）（第一段主题句）( () )( (3 3) )总结总结归纳归纳( () )( () )burn down our houses, destroy our livesdo much damage( (2 2) ) 转折转折 转折转折平行平行并列并列2022-2-168 You dont show your secret personality when you re awake because you can control your behavior

14、, but when youre asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in. If you go to sleep on your back, youre a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You dont like to upset people, so

15、 you never express your real feelings. If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and youre always easily upset. Youre very stubborn ( 顽固顽固 ) , but you arent very ambitious. This means that you enjoy having a good time.If you sleep on your side, you have usually

16、 got a well-balanced personality. Youre usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious, but you dont often get depressed. You always say what you think even if it annoys people. A. Youre quite shy and you arent very confident. B. You know your strengths and weaknesses.

17、 C. Normally people seldom change their sleeping position. D. Everyone has got two personalities the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. E. Maybe you dont want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up. F. You usually live for today not for tomorrow. G. In

18、a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position.(1)(2)(4)(3)(5)2022-2-169并列并列(5)阐述阐述解释解释阐述阐述解释解释顺接顺接when awake.dont show secret personalitywhen asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you.Sleep on backSleep on stomachSleep on side(secretive)(well-balanced) not very ambitions

19、 never express real feelings(1)分述分述分述分述阐述阐述解释解释(4)(3)(2)顺接顺接The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.分述分述(open)分述分述分述分述平行平行平行平行阐述阐述解释解释并列并列平行平行并列并列平行平行并列并列You enjoy having a good time.平行平行并列并列B. You know your strengths and weaknessesD. Everyone has got two personalities the one that

20、 is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real.G. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position. A. Your are quite Shy and arent very confidentF. You usually live for today not for tomorrow. 2022-2-1610 All living things behave in similar ways. Birds sleep in th

21、e trees and horses sleep standing up. Trees rest too. In some areas of the world , trees grow very fast in warm seasons, but do not grow at all in colder seasons. It is the time when they seem to slow down, to rebuild their bodies. For example, many a man is more energetic after sleep , and when a c

22、at or dog sleep, its breathing rate is much slower than it is awake. All animals also need their own space to live in as human being. In the very crowed trains, travelers feel unease easy to get angry, some even maybe kill themselves. When they do not have his space they change their ways of behavin

23、g. Some animals may become angry and warlike. In some cases, if they do not get the space they need a group of animals may die out. A. Most flowers look more beautiful in the morning.B. Human being rest by sleeping every night, while other living things rest, too, in different ways. C. a car runs fa

24、st after repairedD. Quite the same, animals need both a certain amount of space and a certain kind of space in order to survive.E. Sleep and rest seem to be important to all living things.F. Mostly for this reason, the farmers sometimes pull out some wheat seedlings when the field is too crowded.G.

25、When our bookshelves are too full, we should take some books away(2)(3)(4)(5)(1)2022-2-1611All living animals need their own space to live in as human being(第三段主题句）第三段主题句）(4)举例举例说明说明All living things behave in similar ways 举例举例说明说明birds sleep, horses sleep, trees sleep(第二段主题句）第二段主题句）When a cat or a

26、dog sleep, Its breathing rate is much slower than it is when it is awake.并列并列平行平行Many a man is more energetic after sleep.并列并列平行平行补充补充追述追述举例举例说明说明(5)AIn the very crowed trains, travelers feel unease and easy to get angry, some maybe kill themselves.并列并列平行平行分述分述分述分述概括概括B(1)补充补充追述追述(2)并列并列平行平行E(3)D并列并列平行平行F平行平行并列并列A. Most flowers look more beautiful in the morning.B. Human b