中考英语复习

1、一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾变主宾变主,主变宾主变宾,前加前加by动变被动变被,看清看清be, 结构分别结构分别be+ pp主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主变被解题步骤主变被解题步骤:1. 找宾语找宾语 -即动作的承受者即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory. Shoes2. 判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数 -即即be动词的单复数动词的单复数.arewere3. 判断动词的时态判断动词的时态 -

2、即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的时态修改谓语的时态 -即原句动词改为过去分词即原句动词改为过去分词 made5. 修改原句的主语修改原句的主语 -即即by+ 主语主语/ 宾语宾语. by them. Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom. Tom broke the windows. The windows were broken by Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him. 一般现在时：一般现在时： am / is / are done一

3、般过去时：一般过去时： was / were done现在进行时：现在进行时： am / is / are being done过去进行时：过去进行时： was / were being done现在完成时：现在完成时： have / has been done过去完成时：过去完成时： had been done一般将来时：一般将来时： shall / will be done ; am/is/are going to be done 过去将来时过去将来时: would be + done was/ were going to be + done当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为当句中含有情态动

4、词时，句子结构为 ：情态：情态动词动词+ be done （如can / must / have tobe done）1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were

5、 +过去分词过去分词4Aby can take good care of Tina Tina can be taken good care of by Aby.情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词过去分词Some

6、workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things

7、.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）七嘴八舌3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was foun

8、d was told3. We found the ticket on the floor .5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this

9、 time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the compu

10、ter.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can

11、 be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _? is studiedIs talked by them.被动语态的句式转换：被动语态的一般疑问被动语态的句式转换：被动语态的一般疑问句是将第一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是句是将第一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是在第一个助动词

12、后加在第一个助动词后加not；特殊疑问句的语序；特殊疑问句的语序为：疑问词一般疑问句。例如：为：疑问词一般疑问句。例如： You shouldnt throw the old book away （改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）The old book _ _ _ _ She didnt watch the soccer game yesterday. （改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）The soccer game _ _ by her yesterday. 3.Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态） Where _ vegetables

13、 _ ？ 4.Our school wont hold the sports meeting in the gym. （改为被动语态）（改为被动语态） The sports meeting_ _ _ by our school in the gym.注意注意:约翰打开了收音机。约翰打开了收音机。John turned on the radio.The radio was turned on.奶奶照看我姐姐。奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandma takes care of my sister.My sister is taken care of by Grandma.注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。注：千

14、万不要遗漏介词或副词。We must speak to old people politely.Old people must be spoken to politely.带复合宾语的被动语态结构带复合宾语的被动语态结构（）（）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth.Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.watch let havehear see noticeWe often hear them sing

15、this song.They are often heard to sing this song (by us).(2) see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth.I saw him playing football at that moment.He was seen playing football at that moment.hear / watch /. 2.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“t

16、o”。 eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） (被动语态) .himbyustotoldoftenarestoriesgInterestin.himbystoriesginterestintoldoftenareWeBob sent Kate a letter last year.=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.tell ask bring write give teach pass lendt

17、oHe told Jim a story. 1).Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动语态） A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother She _ _ a new pen by her mother. 2). The girl has passed the teacher her homework. The homework _ _ _ _ the teacher by the girl. The teacher _ _ _her home work by the girl.Mum made me a new dress.I was ma

18、de a new dress by Mum.A new dress was made for me by Mum.make buy drawforI bought my brother a book.1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。不及物动词没有被动语态。 如：如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。等。 * Great changes have taken place in this city. * That bike doesnt belong to Mike.

19、 They said that he would come back soon.It was said that he would come back soon.类似的还有：类似的还有：It is reported / believed / hoped / supposed that .We report 2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have / fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误【误

20、】The blackboard is looked at by you 4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态系动词没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。这条围巾摸上去很软。The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如： 【正【正】You must look after yourself 【误【误】Yourself must be looked after 4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这书

21、很好卖。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。这种布很好洗。The book sells well.This kind of cloth washes very well.这书卖完了。这书卖完了。The book is sold out.这块表需要修理一下。这块表需要修理一下。The watch needs mending .=The watch needs to be mended.=We need to mend the watch. wantThe book is worth reading.The bridge _ in three weeks. (finish)You can go out if

22、 your homework _(do) will be finished is doneThis is one of the things that _(see) that day. were seenWhen was PRC _(found)? was seenThis is the only one of the things that _(see) that day. foundedYou should get your shoes _(wash) washed 1.The bear _ to the zoo tomorrow morning. A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent ( )2. In the p