2013高考英语二轮 语法学案（04）（省略训练题）（配答案或解析）

1、2013高考英语：（04）二轮语法学案（省略）（训练题配答案或解析）省略 本单元的语法重点是省略，在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，这样就给同学们理解增加了困难。在近几年的高考中，省略现象十分常见，为帮助同学们更好地掌握这部分语言现象，现将省略现象归纳如下：1并列句中某些相同成分的省略。 eg：2在when，whileIf,as If，though(although)。asuntilonce，whether，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。 eg： When(water is)pure，water is colorless li

2、quid水纯净时，是无色的液体。 When(I am)in trouble I always turn to her for help我有困难时总是找她帮忙。 Errors，if any，should be corrected如果有什么错误，就应当改正。(if后省略了there are) Wood gives much smoke while(wood is)burning木头燃烧时,它冒出很多烟。 The letter is to be left here until(it is)called for这封信留在这里待领。 Henry looked about as if_(he were)i

3、n search of something亨利环视四周，似乎在寻找什么。 She studies very hard though(she is)still rather weak她尽管体弱，但学习十分努力。 3当见到“when(if，where，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast as，than等)+possible/necessary等”时，可理解为电间省略了it is(或it was)。 eg： Answer these questions，if(it is)possible without referring to the book如果有可能，请不

4、看书回答这些问题。 When(it is)necessary you can help us to do something 必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。4在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whomwhichthat。 eg： That is the naughty boy(whom/that)we talked about last week 那就是我们上周议论的那个淘气的男孩。 5在direction，way，distance，time，times等后面所接的定语从句中常省略thatwhich，in which。 eg： The distance(which或that)light t

5、ravels in one second is 300，000 kilometers光每秒走的距离是30万公里。 6命令句、感叹句、部分第一人称的陈述句、部分问句和答句中省略最为常见。 eg： Open the door!开门! Why not?为什么不? Why so?为什么这样? Anybody willing to go?谁愿意去啊?7用so，not或其他手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句意，是高考的常考项目。 eg：一Can Emily do this work?埃米莉能做这项工作吗? 一I think so我想她行。/I think not(或I don't think

6、so)我想她不行。 一Did you kriow anything about it?这件事你以前知道吗?- Not until you told me你告诉了我，才知道。 He has goneNo one knows where(he has gone) 他走了谁也不知道他去什么地方了。 Jenny knows what(is to be done)! 詹妮有办法! 8用to表示前述动词(包括谓语或非谓语动词)及其短语。 eg： You may go online if you like to(go online) 你如果想上网就可以上网。 Nothing can stop the boy

7、 from playing computer games when he wants to(play)当这男孩想玩电脑游戏时，没有东西可阻止他玩。9在某些动词后含有宾语补语或主语补语的复合结构中省略to be或being的情况。 eg：They found the answer(to be)correct他们发现答案正确。This conclusion proved(to be)correct这个结论原来是正确的。10注意在一些固定短语中某些介词的省略。 eg： have trouble(in)sleeping难以入睡 spend one's evenings(in)reading n

8、ovels把晚上的时间花费在看叫、说上 be busy(in)doing sth忙于做某事eg： They are(of)the same age他们年龄相同。 There is no use(in)explaining it to her any more 这件事再向她解释是无用的。 He is carrying out this experiment(in)the same way as I did yesterday他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。 This beeper works well，but that one doesn't(work well)这个寻呼机工作正常，

9、但那个不行。考题1 (典型例题分)-You should have thanked her before you left. -I meant , but when I was leaving, I couldn't find her any-where. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing it考题2 (典型例题 分)One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D.

10、 another is white考题3 (典型例题)-Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. -Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing. A. him B. he C. I D. me考题4 (典型例题分) He says he doesn't want to sign. Well, he A. is to B. does to C. is to go D. is to do 考题1点拨：答案为B。此题考查动词不定式的省略用法，是mean to thank的省略形式。句意为；“你本

11、来应该在你离开前向她致 谢。我原打算谢她，但当我要离开时，我到处都找不到她。”考题2点拨：答案为C。此题关键弄明白下句应是the other side of the board should be paintled white，故承前省略相同的成分。同时onethe other一指“两个中一个，另一个”。句意为：。这块木板的一面应刷成黄色，另一面刷成白色。” 考题3点拨：答案为D。根据句意why me为why do you ask me的省略形式。句意为：“苏珊，去和你姐姐一起打扫院子。”为什么叫我?约翰坐在那儿无所事事。”考题4点拨：答案为A。此题he is to是承前he is to si

12、gn省略相同成分。句意为：“他说他不想签字。”他会签的。”. 单项填空1. The bridge being built in Hainan province fell down, so those who _ the project were severely punished. A. applied toB. looked out forC. took charge ofD. took the place of2. 2011·抚州模拟My computer has a virus. I asked my friend to take a look at it. She can _

13、 any computer problems. A. get outB. pick outC. take outD. sort out3. We were going to go out, but _ watching TV at home because of rain. A. took upB. came outC. set outD. ended up4. 2011·郑州模拟The school has very strict rules about cheating in exams, so no one can _ it. A. play a trick onB. acco

14、unt forC. get away withD. look forward to5. The secret of her success may _ the fact that she knows when to study and when to play. A. result inB. lie inC. fill inD. take in6. 2011·济南模拟The town was surrounded by the enemy, but the people in town _ until help came a month later. A. took offB. ga

15、ve inC. got upD. held out7. Youre telling me a lie. Your facial expression has _. A. given you awayB. given you outC. given you offD. given you up8. 2011·合肥模拟This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be _. A. laid downB. laid outC. laid offD. laid aside9. She waited until the footstep

16、s had _ and everything became silent. A. died downB. died outC. died awayD. died off10. Did he say anything that _ you especially? Not really. Actually I slept through his speech. A. adjusted toB. attached to C. referred toD. appealed to11. The children cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful

17、balloons _ slowly into the sky. A. floatingB. raisingC. marchingD. rising12. Reading _ the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours. A. furnishesB. coversC. satisfiesD. instructs13. Id like to go to the cinema with you, Dad. Sorry, my darling, but the film i

18、s _ for adults only. A. permittedB. promisedC. intendedD. designed14. Its too early to say whether IBMs competitors will be able to _ their products to the changing market. A. contributeB. adaptC. attachD. adopt15. They will _ their laptop computer brand in the newspaper, with a 10 percent discount

19、for the customers. A. informB. advertiseC. announceD. publish16. Since then many movies from the mainland have won various awards. Meanwhile, movies made in Taiwan and Hong Kong have _ international fame，too. A. developedB. achieved C. acceptedD. became17. Im a shy guy. It _ me most when a stranger

20、stares at me for a long time. A. excitesB. disappoints C. frightensD. embarrasses18. How badly reform is needed was _ recently by the rising youth crime figures. A. suspectedB. indicated C. influencedD. announced19. My plan _, and I got them to agree. A. didB. workedC. acceptedD. got20. Will a penci

21、l _? Im afraid not. Only a pen can be used in the exam. A. countB. fitC. doD. satisfy1.【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意：在海南省正建的一座大桥倒塌了，因此负责这项工程的那些人受到了严惩。apply to应用于；look out for小心；take charge of负责；take the place of代替。2.【解析】选D。考查动词短语的辨析。根据题意“她能解决电脑出现的任何问题”可知答案。sort out解决，整理；pick out辨别, 选出，挑出；take out取出；get out离开，出去。

22、3.【解析】选D。考查动词短语。句意：我们本打算出去，但由于下雨最终在家看电视了。end up doing最终做了某事；take up占据，从事；come out出来，出版；set out开始。4.【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意：这所学校对考试作弊有严格的规定，没人能逃避惩罚。get away with做坏事而逃避或不受责备、惩罚；play a trick on戏弄；account for占据，是的原因；look forward to盼望。5.【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意：她成功的秘密可能在于她知道劳逸结合。result in导致；lie in在于；fill in补充，消磨掉；take

23、in吸收。6.【解析】选D。考查动词短语。句意：城镇被敌人包围了，但是城镇的人坚持到底，直到一个月后救援到来。take off起飞，事业腾飞；give in屈服；get up起来；hold out坚持。7.【解析】选A。考查动词短语。句意：你在说谎。你的面部表情已经出卖了你。give. . . away出卖，暴露；give. . . out使精疲力竭；give off发出(气味、光等)；give up放弃。8.【解析】选C。句意：这个公司就要停业了，所以很多工人将会被解雇。lay down 中断，放弃；lay out把打昏，布置；lay off 解雇；lay aside 把放在一边。9.【解析

24、】选C。考查动词短语的辨析。句意：她一直等到脚步声渐渐消失，一切归于平静。die away (声音、光线等)慢慢减弱直至消失；die down（程度上）由强变弱；die out（种族、习惯、观念等）绝迹，消失；die off（一个接一个地）死去。10.【解析】选D。考查动词短语。问句句意：他说的话里有特别吸引你的内容吗？adjust to适应；attach to依附于；refer to提到，指的是。appeal to（某物）吸引（某人）。11.【解析】选D。考查动词。句意：看到数百个彩球慢慢地飞上天，孩子们欢呼起来。rise上升，升起，上涨，是不及物动词, rise into the sky升上天空。float指在液体的表面“漂浮”；raise升高，提高，是及物动词，要带宾语；march行军，进行。 12.【解析】选A。考查动词的词义辨析。句意：阅读为大脑只是提供知识的原料，思考才能使其变为我们的东西。furnish. . . with. . . 在此