2004年华东政法大学考博入学考试英语真题

1、2004年华东政法大学考博入学考试英语真题Part I Listening comprehension.(15%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the f

2、our choices marked A, B, C, and D, and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.A. Hes a pharmacist. B. Hes a salesman.C. Hes a librarian D. Hes a doctor.2. A. She got interested in what she was reading.B. She didnt

3、wake up in time C. She went home for lunch.D. She did her shopping. 3. A. She needs a quieter place. B. She likes to listen to the recorder.C. The new apartment is cheaper D. The present one is too expensive.4. A. In the side street B. At the crossroadsC. on the main road D. On the motorway5. A. Win

4、dy B. Fine C. Rainy D. Overcast6. A. Tom will surely come to repair the video recorderB. Tom is very trust worthy.C. Tom cannot repair the video recorder.D. Tom doesnt keep his word7. A. By car B. By bus C. By bike D. On foot8. A. 2.30 pounds. B. 2.2 pounds. C. 5 pounds. D. 5 pence.9.A. Take a cours

5、e B. See the city C. Go to the park D. Take a rest10. A. Looking for an apartment B. Taking a suburban excursion.C. Looking for a job. D. Asking the man for his opinionsSection BDirections. In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both

6、 the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage O

7、nePQuestions 11-13 are based on the passage you have just heard:11. A. He was short of money and wanted to do something useful.B. He had taught in a school before.C. He had received the degree of M.A. D. HE like schools.12 A. HE was nervous. B. It was too hot to travel comfortablyC. It was rather co

8、mplicated. D. He hated interviews.13 A. Only art was important. B. Games were unimportant.C. It was vital for the headmaster and the writer to play the same gameD. Games were a vital part of a boys education.Passage TwoQuestions 14-15 are based on the passage you have just heard:14. A. In 1965 B. Se

9、ven years after the marriage beganC. Four years ago D. Several weeks ago15. A. At first he was very supportive, but now he is very unhappy about her success. B. At first he was critical, but now he is pound of his wifes success.C. His attitude has no change. D. He is different to his wifes job.Quest

10、ions 16-20 are based on the passage you have just heard:16. A. Disadvantages of Left-handedness. B. Advantages of the Left-handers.C. Left-handed people. D. Movements Involving the hands.17 A. The right-handed people know how to deal with the left-handed peopleB. Quite a number of players are left-h

11、anded.C. The winners are always the left-handed people.D. The players are more right-handed than left-handed.18 A. They are a small minority B. They are unpleasant.C. They are clumsy. D. They are good at sports.19 A. The majority of people, about nine out often, are right-handed.B. Many tools and de

12、vices are still designed mainly for right-handed peopleC. No one is totally right-sided or left-sided:D. Shaking hands can also be done with the left-hand.20 A. Putting the head on one side. B. Scratching the back.C. Threading the needle. D. Interlocking the fingers.Part II cioze 15 min.(15% ）Decide

13、 which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet. The difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious (21) the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of t

14、he Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and (22) it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but (23) to diffuse throughout the space available: it must (24) be kept in a closed container, as (25) a planets atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early t

15、heories (26) the phases of matter. In the nineteenth century, for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be dissolved in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are (27) different kinds o f molecules. The theories now prevailing (28) a quit e diff

16、erent approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure, and they both flow easily. They are fluids.The (29) similarly of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat. (30)

17、 a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heate D. The li quid expands or (31), becomes less dense; some of it evaporates. (32), the vapor above the liquid surface becomes dense r as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and pressure (33) the densities

18、become equal is (34) the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be (35); there is a single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density. 21. A. in B. on C. under D. beyond22. A. fills B. be filled C. filling D. to fill 23. A. intends B. tends C. inclines D.

19、 contends 24. A. however B. nevertheless C. so D. therefore 25. A. in the event of B. in the case of C. with a view to D. with reference to 26. A. having described B. described C. describing D. to have described 27. A. made up of B. consisted of C. constituted of D. made from 28. A. apply B. adapt C

20、. take D. conduct 29. A. elementary B. crucial C. rudimentary D. fundamental 30. A. Suppose B. To suppose C. Being supposed D. Supposed 31. A. in a word B. in the meantime C. in other words D. in that case 32. A. Similarly B. In contrast C. Furthermore D. Instead 33. A. on that B. on which C. at tha

21、t D. at which 34. A. known B. defined C. called D. referred to 35. A. classified B. recognized C. categorized D. distinguishedPart III Grammar and vocabulary(15% ) 36_all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen. A.At B. ln C. For D. On 37. _before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should

22、 have a wonderful dinner party. A. Had they arrived B. Would they arrive C. Were they arriving D. Were they to arrive 38._conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization A. Continuous B. Continual C. Constant D. Contrary. 39. _hes already heard the news. A. Chances are B

23、. Chance is C. Opportunities are D. Opportunity is 40. _his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid. A. But for B. According to C. For all D. Thanks to 41. _man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity. A. As B. Whether C. While

24、D. Now that 42. _of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South. A. To be free B. To free C. Freeing D. Freed 43. _should any money be given to a small child. A. On no account B. From all account C. Of no account D. By all account 44._the advances of the science, the discomfor

25、ts of old age will no doubt always be with us. A. As for B. Despite C. Except D. Besides 45._the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is. A. To give B. Given C. Giving D. Having given 46. _the sight of the police officers, the

26、men ran off. A. In B. At C. On D. With 47. _the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint. A. Making up B. Doing up C. Putting up D. Sizing up 48. _ the whole, early American city planning was excellent. A. In B. From C. On D. Above 49. _we are having these days！ A. What a lovely weat

27、her B. What lovely weathers C. What lovely weather D. What lovely a weather 50. _a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal C. To be equal to other things D. Other things

28、 to be equal 51. _ he does not love her A. As he likes her very much B. Though much he likes her C. Much although he likes her D. Much though he likes her 52. A drunk man walked in, _ in appearance. A. repulsive B. reluctant C. reproachful D. reputed 53. A good many houses _ knocked down by the eart

29、hquake. A. was B. were C. is D. are 54. A good teacher must know how to _ his ideas. A. convey B. display C. consult D. confront 55. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is conditions or events. A. in response to B. in favor of C. in contrast to D. in excess o

30、f 56. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily much sharing of interests and responsibilities. A. take over B. result in C. hold on D. keep to 57. A man has to make for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old. A. supply B. assurance C. provision D. adjustment 58. A river

31、_through the narrow wooded valley below. A. extends B. pours C. expands D. twists 59. A writer has to _ imagination as well as his experiences for his writing .A. drawing back from B. draw in C. draw up D. draw on 利用；依赖；凭借60. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the A. ful

32、fillment B. achievement C. establishment D. accomplishment of maturity 61.After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U.S., he will _ work on a five-languageopera.Z A. confine B. indulge C. resume D. undergo 62. After briefly _ the history of the author, Prof. Li turned to the novel itself immediat

33、ely A. dipping in B. dipping at C. dipping into D. dipping to 63. After negotiation, the two countries _ the terms of peace. A. agreed with B. agreed in C. agreed to D. agreed on 64. After performing a successful operation, the doctor at last pulled the patient .A. back B. in C. up D. through 65. Af

34、ter reading these books, he was _to the Darwinian theory of evolution. A. changed B. converted C. transferred D. adjustedPart IV: Reading Comprehension (30%) in this section there are four reading passages .followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and the

35、n mark your answers on your Answer Sheet. TEXT A Zero Tolerance New York was once the murder capital of the world. But its urban canyons are no longer the killing fields that earned the city its unenviable title. The annual death, which soared to a record high of 2,245 in 1990,dropped to 760 in 1997

36、. The last time the murder rate was as low as that was 30 years previously in 1967, the year of peace and love and the flowering of hippiedom. With the decrease in killing has come a marked reduction in enthusiasm for other crime, such as burglaries, robberies and shootings. The old saying, crime do

37、esnt pay, has taken on new life, thanks to hard-line policing introduced by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani in 1994. Its success has been such that Giuliani, elected five years ago on a law and order platform, confidently says his city can now be seen as a leader in crime fighting. Such a claim would once ha

38、ve been unimaginable, but the zero-tolerance policing policy introduced by Giuliani and the two men he appointed to run the citys police force, former commissioner with Bratton and former deputy commissioner John Timoney, has turned the mean streets into clean streets. New Yorks policing is based on

39、 a 1983 paper called Broken Windows, written by American academics Janes Wison and George Kelling, which suggested a clamp-down on low-level crime as a way of lowering all crime, lfa broken window in an apartment block was not fixed, it was a sign that no one cared. Soon more windows would be broken

40、 and a sense of lawlessness engendered, encouraging others to commit more crime. Cleaning up minor crime on the streets was like fixing broken windows, it said, and the flow-on effect would curb more serious crime. New Yorkers voted for a special tax to raise about US 1 billion to fight crime and an

41、other 7,000 officers were added to the force. The responsibility for ways of fighting crime devolved from a centralised bureaucracy to precinct commanders, and police used computers to track and target crime trends more easily. This resulted in a much harder attitude against all crime, zero toleranc

42、e being the policy of not allowing or tolerating even the smallest crimes. These included begging, minor drug dealing, taggers, turnstile jumpers in the subways and all forms of anti-social behaviour on the streets. Timoney uses turnstile jumpers as an illustration of the broken windows theory at wo

43、rk. Police found that 22 percent of turnstile jumpers were wanted for other crimes or were able for arrest because they carried guns. We arrested one man simply for jumping a turnstile and found that he was a drug dealer carrying cocaine and 50,000 in his pockets, says Timoney. New Yorks transformat

44、ion attracted global attention and cost Bratton and Timoney their jobs. They were both sacked by Giuliani, who felt they were stealing his glory. Timoney has since acted as a consultant to police throughout the world, preaching the benefits of zero-tolerance policing. Ironically, Bratton, the former

45、 Boston beat cop who rose to head Now Yorks finest, evidently doesnt like the term zero-tolerance because he thinks it implies a lack of tolerance for any deviation from social norms. Critics of New York policing say that intolerance is exactly what zero-tolerance policing encourages. They point out

46、 that urban crime has fallen right across the United States in the past five years not just in New York, and even in states where zero-tolerance policing is not practised, while the countrys jail population has dramatically increased. Shifts in the nature of Americas population ages and character ha

47、ve reduced the number of young men (aged 18-24) most likely to best involved in crime. Crime is also reduced when many more criminals are in jail.Criminologist Greg Newbold says that crime rates spiral up and down in unexplained cycles and they are no easy solutions to reducing crime. Together sente

48、nces and more police mean an increasing drain on tax-payers and there is no certainty that they will continue to lower crime levels. Criminals will learn to live with those methods and find ways around them. Charles Pollard, the chief constable of Thames Valley in Britain, calls zero-tolerance polic

49、ing a short-term care that works well in urban areas with large amounts of petty crime. Once petty crime is brought under control, he told the Economist, sharp drops in crime will diminish. Observers say the drop in New York crime had to come with the introduction of almost any new tough police poli

50、cy, because the crime rate was so high. WPolice Association president Greg OConnor agrees. You can talk all the theories you like but, at the end of the day, what will stop criminals from committing crime is the belief that they will be caught. With only 18 percent of burglaries are being solved, an

51、d most of them dont believe they will be caught, burglary becomes something of a risk-free occupation。 However, criminologist Newbold argues that zero-tolerance policing is a dangerous fad that risks creating an arrogant police force because it gives police extraordinary powers. Accusations that New

52、 York police harassed minorities were heightened last year when two white New York policemen were charged with the beating and sexual torture of Asian immigrant Abner Louima,and two other white officers were charged with assaulting him in a police car. One policeman allegedly told Louima, Its Giulia

53、ni time. But police president OConnor says that the broken windows approach doesnt necessarily lead to police harassment. He calls zero-tolerance policing a win-win solution. Other factors must be considered for long-term solutions, but, if you dont catch criminals, you cant rehabilitate them. All t

54、he initiatives have to work but you have to ask, will they impact on crime? and you have to bargain from a position of strength. If youre talking to kids who dont think they are going to get caught and who think the police are a joke, then forget it. Highlighting New Yorks success provides a subtle

55、message to police and the communities themselves that crime can be stopped. 66. Zero Tolerance, a new police policy, derives from Kelling. A. James Wison and George B. Rudolph Giuliani C. William Bratton and John Timoney D. Charles Pollard 67. The former commissioner and the former deputy commission

56、er were sacked because A. they committed crimes themselves. B. they did not obey the rules. C. they made the Mayor of New York feel envious. D. they went to the extremes when they carried out the policy 68. Criminologist Greg Newbold shares different ideas from police president OConnor in the wayA.

57、emphasizing New Yorks success provides messages to criminals that crime can be stopped. B. zero-tolerance policy is just a short-term cure that works well in urban areas with large amounts of petty crimes. C. the drop in New York crime had to come with the introduction of almost any new tough police policy. D. zero-tolerance policy is a dangerous fad that risks creating an arroga