unit2 the olympic games-Learning about language

1、 Unit 2 The Olympic GamesLearning about language1 _ to take part in a sports event2 _ to allow to enter (a course or sports competition ) 3 _ someone who takes part in a sports competition4 _ level of abilitycompeteadmitathletestandard1 Find the word or expression.Discovering useful words and expres

2、sions5 _ happening every time with the same amount of time in between6 _ to take the place of 7 _ short sentence or phrase expressing the beliefs of a person or group regular basisreplacemotto8 _ duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong9 _ special hall for physical exercise10 _ to

3、join inresponsibilitygymnasiumtake part in2 Choose the word or phrase that means almost the same as the word in italics.1 She rose to her feet in one swift movement. A. short B. quick C. immediate D. hurryB2. Nowadays all countries can take part in if their athletes reach the standard. A. Today B. T

4、hese days C. In the future D. TomorrowB3. My son went to see the new stadiums before the Olympic Games began. A. concert halls B. sports halls C. reception buildings D. athletes villageB4. Li Yan wanted to take part in the Olympic Games as a volunteer. A. someone who offers help B. someone who offer

5、s to pay C. Someone who helps without pay D. someone who works part-timeC5. What do the five rings on the Olympics flag stand for? A. support B. mean C. introduce D. look likeBHelena was a great _ in the 5000-metre running race. She had won many prizes and wanted to _ in the Olympic Games. So she pr

6、actised hard every day in order to be _ as a competitor. athletecompete admitted 3 Complete the passage.standard athlete admit compete responsibility olive wreath homelandIt didnt take her long to reach the_ for entering the Olympic Games. This made Helena eager to win a gold medal for herself and h

7、er _. Unfortunately during the final, she was in front in her race when homelandstandardanother competitor pushed her on purpose so that she fell down. Poor Helena lost her chance of a medal but the other woman had to take _ for breaking the rules. The judges felt sorry for Helena and gave her a spe

8、cial prize of an _ instead.responsibilityolive wreathAnswers for Ex. 2 on Page 13: Rules for the Olympic Games Nobody _ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket.2. Children _ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will _ (take away) from the stadium. will be all

9、owedwill not be allowedbe taken away3. No animals _ (allow) in the stadium. 4. Cheating by athletes will not be _ (excuse). They _ (tell ) to leave.5. No smoking will be _ (allow). If you are discovered, you _ (ask) to pay ten dollars.will be allowedwill be toldallowedwill be asked excusedGrammarPas

10、sive VoiceThe Great Wall _ by Chinese people.was builtEnglish _ by the most people in the world.is spoken飘飘The book _ by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the windwas writtenThe umbrella _ for keeping off the rain.is usedThe light _ by Thomas Edison .was inventedThe Olympic Games in 2012:The 2012 Olympic

11、 Games _in London.will be held被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时时, 谓语的谓语的形式是形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的。当句子的主语是动作的承受者承受者时时, 谓语要用谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态。被动语态由助动词由助动词be+过去分词构成过去分词构成, 时态通过时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态被动语态(the Passive Voice)A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动

12、作的执行者执行者。B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.We speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态They cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。昨天我们打扫了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。昨天教室被我们打扫了。何时使用被

13、动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确一、行为主体不明确, 不必说出或者无法不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。如：说出动作的执行者时。如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。如：执行者时。如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有人说有人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。如：等时。如： It is said that one day he climbed to the

14、 top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。如：等词时。如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。如： He was born in October, 1989 The Structure is助动词助动词be+及

15、物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 (be+V.P.P) 被动语态由被动语态由“助动词助动词be+及物动词的及物动词的过去分词过去分词”构成构成, 助动词助动词be有人称、数有人称、数的变化的变化,其变化规则与其变化规则与be作为连系动词作为连系动词时一样。如时一样。如: The desk is made of wood.The desks are made of wood.He is asked a question by the teacher.I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词

16、：1)一般情况在动词原形后加一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch-watched2)以不发音以不发音e结尾的加结尾的加-dpractice-practiced3)以辅音加以辅音加y结尾的结尾的, 去去y变变i加加-edstudy-studied4)以重读闭音节结尾以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母末尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该辅音字母先双写该辅音字母, 再加再加-edstop-stopped2.2.不规则动词的过去分词：不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone典型题例典型题例例例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。将下列

17、句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.在改写中应注意：在改写中应注意：1. 把把原来原来的的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语态提到前面作被动语态 的的主语主语;2. 把动词变成把动词变成“be + 过去分词过去分词”;3. 主动语态中的主动语态中的主语主语变为介词变为介词by的的宾语宾语。主变被解题步骤主变被解题步骤:1. 找宾语找宾语 -即动作的承受者即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory. Shoes2. 判断宾语的单复数判断

18、宾语的单复数 -即即be动词的单复数动词的单复数.arewere3. 判断动词的时态判断动词的时态 -即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的时态修改谓语的时态 -即原句动词改为过去分词即原句动词改为过去分词 made5. 修改原句的主语修改原句的主语 -即即by+ 主语主语. by them.Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom. Tom broke the windows. The windows were broken by Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were bro

19、ken by him. 1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语主语)+am/is /are(not) +过去分词过去分词He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.The motorbike is ridden to his factory (by him) every day.We call the snowman Mr. Strong.The snowman i

20、s called Mr. Strong (by us).A computer is used in our class every day. computer, use, class2. They bought ten computers last year Ten computers were bought (by them) last year.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were(not) +过去分词过去分词He bought his friend some fruits yesterday.His friend was bought some fruits (by him) y

21、esterday.Some fruits were bought for his friend (by him) yesterday. bank, rob yesterdayman-made satellite, send up, space, last yearA man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.The bank was robbed yesterday.3. Amy can take good care of the catThe cat can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态

22、动词：S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+过去分词过去分词She can carry the basket easily.The basket can be easily carried by her.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .“They must be put in the fridge (by us).”The dogs thought

23、.4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+ will+ (not) be+过去分词过去分词They will have a show tomorrow.A show will be had (by them) tomorrow.send to, hospital, right now a talk, give , soonThey will be sent to the hospital right now.A talk will b

24、e given soon._ this house_(sell) by the King?The little girl is so prettythat she _(admire) by all people when she grows up.Willbe soldwill be admiredThe streets _(light) by electricity. I _(not invite) to tomorrows wedding. will be litwill/ shall not be invitedwill not be done 否定结构否定结构Dogs will not

25、 be allowed to enter your classroom. allowsmokingstadiumallowSmoking will not be allowed in the stadium.Rewrite the letter in future Passive Voicewill ( not) be doneThe Olympic Game will be held in London.Many things _(do) for theGame. 30 billion yuan _on the projects. An Olympic Village_ for the at

26、hletes and some hotels _ for the visitors to stay in. The roads _ _(make) wider and better and trees and flowers _along the roads. The new Stadiums will be completed (complete) before Many volunteers _ (train) for the game. will be donewill be spentwill be builtwill be builtwill be madewill be plant

27、edwill be trainedMany policemen _(send) keep order. During the 2012 Olympic Game, the best athletes _(choose) to compete and they _(encourage) to do their best.will be sentwill be chosenwill be encouraged用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。1. It is clear that Beijing Olympic Games _ (hold) on August 8-2

28、4, 2008. 2. While many people turn to computer for news and movies, it doesnt mean that the TV set _ (replace) in the near future. will be heldwill be replaced3. Many chances _ (lose) if you dont work hard.4. You _ (fine) by the police if you keep driving so fast.5. The question is going to _ (discu

29、ss) by us.6. The little girl is so pretty that she _ (admire) by all the people.will be lostwill be finedbe discussedwill be admired 7. Dont worry about that. It _ (finish) next week.8. She _ (meet) by her friends as soon as she arrives.9. I hear that more than one million dollars _ (spend) on the project next