宾语从句专项复习

1、宾语从句专项复习复习内容 ：宾语从句考点归纳复习目标 ： 1 掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词2 掌握宾语从句的语序主句+连接词+主语+谓语3掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点 ：语序和时态呼应难点 ：语序和时态呼应；与疑问词 +不定式的转化；与状语从句的辨析考点梳理 ：一、宾语从句的连接词1 连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew （that ） he should work hard.2连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if 。eg. Tom dont know

2、if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下， if 和 whether 可以互换，但以下 3 种情况只能用 whether ： 在不定式前： Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 在介词前： It depends on （依靠） whether it is going to rain. 与 or not 连用： They are talking about whether to go there or not.

3、3. 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词 whe n, where, why, how ， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】 1 由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents.= I dont know how to do w

4、ith the presents.2要注意区分判断由 if 、when 引导的从句类型 .二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语 +谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who( m) do we have to see?(X)Can you tell me who( m) we have to see?( V)The teacher asked the students what they were doing. (思考 : what 在从句中的成分) 陈述句变为宾语从句时 , 要注意人称和时

5、态的变化 , 语序不变。 eg. She said,“ I will leave amessage on the desk. ”She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时 , 也要注意人称和时态的变化 , 后面接陈述语序。Eg. “Where are the tickets? ” I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are.三、宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般 现在时或将来时，从句谓语的

6、时态不受限制； 如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相 应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。eg. I thought (that ) you are free today.(X)I thought (that ) you would be free today.( V)【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us( that ) the earth moves around the sun.四其他需要说明的问题1标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问

7、句则用问号。eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?2要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。五宾语从句和状语从句的区分eg. 1 ) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.2) I dont know if the train has arrived.句 1 ）中 if 引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天 气好，我就出去。句 2）中 if 引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词 dont know 的宾

8、语。整个句子的意思是 我不知道火车是否到达。判断方法：1可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外），宾语从句只能放在 主句谓语动词之后。接词时，意为“当的时候”。3从时态看。 时态作相应的变化。if 和 when 作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的if和when充当从属连词时，引导条件和时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将2从引导词看。 if 充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于 whether ， 词义为“是否”，充当状语从句 的连接词时，词义为“如果”。 when 充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”，充当状语从句的连来时，则从句的时态

9、应用一般现在时表示将来。【课外巩固】1中考捷径第 21 讲，课内练习选择题， 3，4，5，6，7，11， 12，第 41 讲例题、课内练习， 课外练习三。2复习导引 26 页第 3 大题， 27 页第 4 大题， 28 页第 5 大题 1， 2，3， 4，5 同步检测一、用合适的连接词填空1. Wang Hai told me he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.how, why )2. Can you tell me else is going to be on duty today?who, whom )3. She said it wouldn

10、t matter much.that, if )4. He always thinks he can do better.how, who )5. I really dont know the bridge will be finished.how long, how soon )6. They dont know we are going hiking.7. She wanted to know her coat would be ready the next day.8. I was really surprised at I saw.9. I dont know so many peop

11、le crowding round him10. Do you know shirt it is?、句型转换1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.（改为宾语从句）f_ he ?f（同义句）fPlease tell me .2. What does he do? Do you know?（改为宾语从句）f Do you know3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.（改为宾语从句）He asked the boys they fried chicken.4. Was the watc

12、h made in Sha nghai? I dont know.（改为宾语从句）fI dont know the watch made in Shanghai.5. “Do you want to try something new? ” Toms mother asked him.Toms mother asked him to try something new.6. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） fI this a good idea.7. Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） fLu

13、cy hasnt decided buy.8. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） fI dont know to the hospital.三、选择题1. I dont know he will be back home.A. who B. what C. when D. where2. Could you tell me ?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in3. Do you

14、still remember ?A. that he saidB. what he saidC. did he say thatD. what did he say4. I cant understand the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left5. She told me the sun in the east.A. riseB. roseC. rises D. had risen6. They tried to find out the new train

15、.A. how far/ had goneB. how long/ has goneC. how far/ wentD. how far had/ run7. The manager came up to see A. what was the matterC. what the matter isB. what the matter wasD. whats the matter8. Can you tell me ?A. where are you doingC. where you were doingB. where do you studyD. where yu study9. I c

16、ant understand the boy alone.A. why she letB. why did she leaveC. why had she leftD. why she had left10. He asked his father A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happened D. how did it happen11. No one tells us, so we need your help.A. how we should do B. what should we doC. how to do

17、it D. what to do it12. Could you please teach me the computer.A. how check B. to check C. how to checkD. to how checking13. hell come or not isnt important.A. WhyB. IfC. WhetherD. What14. Would you like to know they will do it or not.A. if B. that C. whether D. why15. Where do you thi nkhethe TV set

18、? Sorry, Ive n o idea.A./, boughtB. has, boughtC. did, buyD. did bought16. Our homework has changed a lot. Whocan tell it would be like in five years.A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how , otherD. what, another17. Could you tell me ? Yes. He to the USA.A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has beenD. where he was/ has gone18. Mike want s to know if a picnic tomorrow.Yes. But if it , well visit the museum instead.A. you have/ wil