物联网-工业-德国-工业-工业4.0计划

1、連闌设备中.ititn机设舫很快骑占绝大却分°这些说畅市城值大”穴囲电紅军樋1S板相货翎1丨罕理设益Source： Fonosier RearchE1可壮的Internet设备工业4.0工业4.0 (Industrie 4.0)是德国政府高技术战略 2020确定的十大未来项目之一，并已上升为国家战略，旨在支持工业领域新一代革命性技术的研发与创新。在德国工程院、弗劳恩 并已上升为国家级战略。工业4.0简介工业4.0 ”研究项目由 德国联邦教研部与联邦经济技术部联手资助, 霍夫协会、西门子公司等德国学术界和产业界的建议和推动下形成， 德国联邦政府投入达 2亿欧元。德国政府提出 工业4.0

2、 ”战略，并在2013年4月的汉诺威工业博览会上正式推出，其目的是为了提高德国工业的竞争力，在新一轮工业革命中占领先机。该战略已经得到德国科研机构和产业界的广泛认同，弗劳恩霍夫协会将在其下属6 - 7个生产领域的研究所引入工业4.0概念，西门子公司已经开始将这一概念引入其工业软件开发和生产控制系统。2工业4.0内涵工业4.0概念包含了由集中式控制向分散式增强型控制的基本模式转变，目标是建立一个 高度灵活的个性化和数字化的产品与服务的生产模式。在这种模式中，传统的行业界限将消失，并会产生各种新的活动领域和合作形式。创造新价值的过程正在发生改变，产业链分工将被重组。德国学术界和产业界认为，工业4.

3、0 '概念即是以智能制造为主导的第四次工业革命，或革命性的生产方法。该战略旨在通过充分利用信息通讯技术和网络空间虚拟系统一信息物理系统(Cyber-Physical System)2】相结合的手段，将制造业向智能化转型。工业4.0项目主要分为两大主题，一是智能工厂”，重点研究智能化生产系统及过程，以及网络化分布式生产设施的实现；二是智能生产”，主要涉及整个企业的生产物流管理、人机互动以及3D技术在工业生产过程中的应用等。该计划将特别注重吸引中小企业参与，力 图使中小企业成为新一代智能化生产技术的使用者和受益者，同时也成为先进工业生产技术的创造者和供应者。3工业4.0目标德国制造业是世界

4、上最具竞争力的制造业之一，在全球制造装备领域拥有领头羊的地位。这在很大程度上源于德国专注于创新工业科技产品的科研和开发，以及对复杂工业过程的管理。德国拥有强大的设备和车间制造工业，在世界信息技术 领域拥有很高的能力水平，在嵌入式系统和自动化工程方面也有很专业的技术，这些因素共同奠定了德国在制造工程工业上的领军地位。通过工业 4.0战略的实施，将使德国成为新一代工业生产技术（即信息物理系统） 的供应国和主导市场，会使德国在继续保持国内制造业发展的前提下再次提升它的全球竞争 力。fraunhoferffiJE所的Dr.-lng. 01酣和聘濃文指出；枉当前工业界数字叱技术的应用推厂仍然不够 深入，

5、为了提高愿国工业整嫌水平与产品竟争力，这一点必须加强-打开未来工厂的朝匙关霹在于信 息技术因为在卄么是未来商牡戚肋的决定因青的讨论中，比起事高的牛产率和再可鉴的机器2厂 島 更需靈的是制楚商雀鏗惶悭深匱琏解客户需求的一抉孑解决肓家（ Ccrrprehensive-角此內应对之茉就是墓二IUT【信息通信技术）构淒能沏用户提供与.立品相关朕的各种帐务"据中匡科学自动化联齟穗书处的易能立方总经理王建介貂，曲工业40其实就是扌賊洲将要挂註 働第四號工业華飢 上一次（第三次）工业革命的标击加較控和PLU为代农初自动化应目 而这（Cyber Phys cal stems<5忌柯理系统）世滋

6、U新的驱动尢"工业也Q祚具悴 呈现出皆慧生产、绿色主产、和城币优附眩的新符点，祐统的行业界限将消矩并会产生各种新的活 劫颔嘅和合件册式，创适新价但旳过積正在茨生改变产业诞分工摄祓重紺.王建Jrrajnnofer研 列所对于买坝丄业4 0目标的其库季看挎标務述包拈1智眨优设省可完成高桔密、械高贯莖地制造细 瓠 小批重产品：2.80%的创祈将由IUT驼动，顽智能制迄 绿色制it、裁帀化制迤3依赣CPS系 统、糊联翩和胆务屈，对大散据流的采需和分析将促进资源节约型制造；4基干CPSI业辅助系统用 于培训下一代智甦工厂的工人；5増强现实系療支持牛人化工作阵和对新制矗工艺的槪学习.对于工业4堪

7、炭的亮相德国工业界做出了积极地响应.比如，西门子展示了自身推进工业4 0 的具协行动，这包括決全集成自动化TIAV1鐵本、S7-1500.針对电汽传动应用 的“全集成驰动系境” （IDS）概念.以信息技术沏基砒时状盃监控报务，以及通过盧拟生产规划降低 产线机器人能耗高达创踊等展示等.吕外,西门子捲出当前釣药0C名软件工程师是其在ICT动制造 业自瓦I化创新上肘最大资瓦Spimes, Cyber Physical Systems and Industrie 4.0 1收磁人:J8de0709 +关注 2013-08-95147转：3|分李未沥 A 田The term spimes was int

8、roduced by Bruce Sterling in 2005.According to him, spimes are manufactured objects that start out in a different way from traditional objects and end up as data. From 亠 their origin to their recycling, he states, spimes form 'material . instantiations of an immaterial system, 2The physical obje

9、ct is increasingly being created and integrated into the virtual environment of interconnected and communicating networks Throughout its lifetmA the behaviour of the spime in terms of time place and performanee is abe to be tracked and analysed within the virtual networks in which it is linked.Indus

10、trie 4.0In Europe Germany s not only the lead ng country in the field of industrial production but also in tie production of industrial components. It also closely monitors the developments towards an Industrial Internet of Things 合nd Cyber Physical Systems and has come up with its own answer in the

11、 form of Industrie 4 0 The German vision is based on the notion that after mechanisation, electnfication and IT-as a result of the integratio n of the Internet of Things and Services in the in dustrial envir onment - a fourth revolution is aboil to be set in motion. The basis tor this vision lies in

12、 the conviction that in the future, businesses will establish global networks that incorporate their machinery, warehousing systems and production facilities in the shape of Cyber Phys cal Systems'.h these g obal networks, three points of departure are keyhorizontal integration in value networks

13、end-to-end digital integration of components within the network vortical intogration of production systems intorconnoctod by means of networks.In the German vision the development of Industrie 4 0 forms an evolutionary process in which existing tech no logios and knowledge arc adapted to the now and

14、 specific demands of developing, producing and maintaining products linked together via networks.Net-centrlc workingAs already stated the hybndisafion of man and technology; organisation and technology, and society and tech no logy has become an irrcvor 引 blc process 6. Whether v/e welcome it or not

15、. our world is being digitised and interconnected in nerv/orks at enormous speed Slowly but surely, within these networks, the traditional boundaries bchvocn man and machine are becoming blurred. Commun cation in these networks is done by exchanging and shanng information. And it is becoming increas

16、ingly accepted for this information to be used by man and machine to function, to take action, or to produce goods and services. The time has come for more attention to be paid to the consequences and possibilities that this process of hybndisaton is bringing with it for us as individuals, for organ

17、isations, and for societ) as a who e. I believe that this process of hybridisaton cannot be reversed Stioirtingfor itro stop or to be regulated is like demanding that electricity or telephony be forbidden. We owe it to ourselves to pay more attention io the way in which we wish to develop and functi

18、on in a net-centric world as individuals, organisations and soaety. I am convin8d that this will provide more than enough space for further qrov/th and development.1 Securing the future of German manufaauring industry. Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0. Apnl 2013 Fin