基于PLC的多层停车场的研究与设计--中英文翻译资料

1、PLC-based control of multi-storey parking study and design1、Overview of parkingThe application of parking facilities for over 30 years history of the older, better Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Germany, is well known, Chinas economy has experienced 30 years of rapid growth, the quality of public life

2、increasing demands, Community Map in the line to a new level. Subsequent transport situation is tense, Japan and Canada, which includes both dynamic and static. As the city high-rise buildings built by the level of housing reform, like parking shift from three-dimensional surface parking, parking in

3、 a static traffic in the already occupied an increasingly important position. Underground parking garage, compared with the traditional, in many ways is the first section shows the superiority of the advantages of the past, underground garage vehicular access due Leave generous, the average car woul

4、d occupy 40 square meters of area, If using double-parking garage, the ground can increase the utilization rate of 80% -90%, if the use of multi-floor (21 floor) Three-dimensional garage, then the land area of 50 square meters will be placed on the 40 vehicles that can to save land resources and red

5、uce the cost of civil engineering development. For example, the Indonesian Embassy in Beijing did not build multi-storey parking before the plane can only put five cars are now built three-dimensional lifting and after class garage can park 13 cars, the basic requirements to meet the Embassy . It is

6、 generally considered good prospects for parking equipment industry and has been hailed as the 21st century, one of the most popular industry.2、Lifting and transferring the concept garageParking equipment has provided a total of 9 categories: lifting and class (PSH), simple lifting class (PJS), vert

7、ical lifting type (PCS), the vertical circulation category (PCX), flat mobile class (PPY), tunnel reactor stack class (PXD), multi-cycle class (PDX), the level of circulating type (PSX), vehicle lift (PQS), there are dozens of specifications, can be applied to a different space, site conditions, is

8、a high security , high reliability, high efficiency of automation equipment. Especially in these types of lifting and 9 classes (PSH) parking most widely used. Used to set the rising and falling or sliding vehicle access to vehicles, parking garage equipment category called lifting and garage. Lifti

9、ng and transferring garage modular design, each unit can be designed as two, three, four, five, half-underground, and other means, the number of parking spaces from a few to hundreds. As the lifting and transferring the pattern classes more parking, vary in size, strong adaptability to the site, the

10、refore, use of such equipment is common parking garage. Its working principle is: Each car parking spaces are presented board, set the required access to the vehicle by vehicle plate upward and downward, sliding movement to reach the ground floor, the driver entered the garage, access to vehicles, c

11、omplete the access process. The upper or lower parking spaces need to traverse the space through the middle layer, will contain the vehicle plate up or down to ground level, the pilot before entering the garage or out a car into the garage. Figure 1 is lifting and parking equipment, engineering exam

12、ple class diagram.Figure 1 PSH-based three-tier parking equipment lifting and transferring class diagram3、three lifting and transferring parking systemLifting and transferring parking garage is a typical cross-disciplinary integration of mechanical and electrical products, mechanical assembly, elect

13、ronics, information technology in one. Lifting and transferring parking mainly by the steel parts, car panels containing part, the transmission system, control system, security system, five components, shown in Figure 2. Three mechanical parking equipment is lifting and machinery of a type of parkin

14、g equipment, this type of garage equipment in the middle of each layer, the ground floor are to remain free parking, ground floor only do sliding movement on the ground while doing Traversing the second floor done-and-down movement, the ground layer only do Movement. Run-time, ground floor direct ac

15、cess to cars; on the floor the second floor access vehicles, need to correspond through the ground floor containing the car sliding to the space station, the lift reached the ground floor to achieve; the ground three car access is required the second floor by floor, the ground floor of loading corre

16、sponding to the space station after traversing the same time, lift reaches the ground layer. The movement of general principles: down reset, translation is not reset. Parking parking required by the user specification and design, automatic and manual operation mode of two points, can be switched on

17、and off during normal operation in the garage to use automated means, in equipment maintenance and debugging can be used manually. Both automatic and manually controlled by PLC programmable controller, so devices can guarantee the safe operation of any manner. Equipment There are several safety devi

18、ces to ensure safety of people and vehicles, such as anti-fall safety devices, limit and prevent excessive volume device, Automatic power-off braking device, the wrong break phase protection.3.1 The main frame partActual projects: Beijing Indonesia Embassy lifting and transferring class parking, equ

19、ipment overall structure simple, generous, give people lightweight sprightly feeling. Main steel structure uses H steel, channel steel, plate welding molding, use bolt connected framework struture strength and stiffness. Order steel part appearance beautiful and anti corrosion, antirust ability, ste

20、el some painting before adopted mechanical derusting processing so parking equipment overall surface protective level reached higher grade. In addition, the second set of equipment can be assembled and combined, can be installed to ensure reliable quality, favorable transport and reducing on-site in

21、stallation time.3.2 Car plates containingSet car plates are used to carry inventory of vehicles. Set car plates from the 2.3mm of galvanized sheet bending forming, around edge girder 4.5mm of galvanized sheet bending forming. Edge beam and set vehicles with no plate bolt connection, set car plates t

22、o ensure rigidity and strength. Resistance of loading plate with vehicle and stopper.3.3 Drive SystemParking equipment drive system uses chain or rope traction drive transmission. The car parking facilities containing the upper plate by the lift motor gear driven by a chain-driven roller, then roll

23、through the rope-driven movements of loading plate. Two-story frame structure with sliding, respectively, each sliding frame with lifting and sliding the two motors, both frame by sliding the track traverse motor can also be set through the lifting motor vehicles to reach the rising and falling grou

24、nd level, achieving access to cars. The transmission mode compared with other methods, has run a smooth, safe and reliable maintenance and convenient, while its environmental performance is also superior to the other drive. The lower plate by a motor vehicle containing reducer to walk through the ch

25、ain drive wheel drive along the traverse track movement. Drive motor assembly gear reducer, motor and brake as a whole, small size, light weight, low noise, using long-term grease, stable and reliable performance, long life, long-term maintenance-free, quality superior. Figure 2 PSH-based three-tier

26、 parking equipment lifting and transferring the major part of class3.4 Control SystemControl, the main control object is sliding down a small motor and large motor vehicles to make them according to the requirements of access to use button operation, to achieve power by changing the phase sequence o

27、f loading platform to achieve the right and left or up and down. Second, to control various auxiliary devices within the garage, such as: light and its various security facilities. To ensure the board can traverse and set cars up or down to the specified location, using a limit switch positioning. T

28、o determine whether the board of loading vehicles, using optical switches. General small garage can use button operations can also use touch screen operation. All input and output switching capacity of lifting and transferring garage circuit is simple, less demanding on the environment, with its ant

29、i-interference ability of PLC and isolation transformers can meet the requirements, it may no longer have an additional anti-interference measures in other so that the exact garage system can orderly work. Core part of the control system PLC control (PLC), has strong anti-interference, strong stabil

30、ity, system reliability, modularity and other structural features. The control system is the set of mechanical parking control system applicable in the area. The control system detects a device with high sensitivity and accuracy and reliability of work and feedback in a timely manner.Contactor outpu

31、t unit is sensitive, reliable, advanced technology, easy maintenance, overload and short circuit protection complete links.The control system of the host PLC, contactors, circuit breakers, trip switches, buttons, photoelectric switches and other key components, using the Japanese Fuji, Mitsubishi, L

32、G and other imported electronic components.3.5 Operating systemOperating manual for the button box, or touch screen operation. Usually mechanical parking spaces on both fixed number, the depositTake vehicles, a layer of vehicle operation without the need for control box, drivers can be entered direc

33、tly into the vehicle or out of loading platform, to access the vehicles purpose; three-in access to vehicles, first of all, the operator select the number of parking spaces, After confirmation, press the corresponding buttons, start the corresponding transmission, PLC program can automatically make

34、the selected audience of loading the corresponding three-layer, layer (ground floor and out of cars), and first to the left or to the the right move to stay out of space, and then three-set car plate fell to the ground through the transmission layer, so as to achieve the purpose of access to vehicle

35、s. Similarly, the second floor in the access to vehicles, first select the same number of parking spaces, confirmation, and then press the appropriate buttons to start the corresponding transmission, PLC program can automatically select the second floor of the car plate containing a layer under the

36、corresponding (ground floor and out of cars), first to the left or right to stay out of space, and then the second floor of loading plate through the transmission fell to the ground floor, so as to achieve the purpose of access to vehicles. Deposit car or pick up the car after pressing the confirm b

37、utton, car automatic reset, wait for the next operation command. Need manual operation, can be combined into a manual button to move the operation, that is, hold down the button and equipment operation, release the button device to stop, step by step operation is complete access to vehicles. Interfa

38、ce shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 user interface 3.6 Safety SystemWith power, phase, phase and phase sequence protection; time delay; anti-people, foreign body mistakenly entered the infrared detection devices; vehicle location; prevent the fall of loading plate device; emergency stop devices.4、 Conclu

39、sion and OutlookA programmable controller as lifting and transferring control of the garage the core unit, which is taken into account a variety of objective factors of the case put forward. Programmable controller with its good control performance, small size, powerful, short development cycle and

40、the characteristics of strong anti-interference, is widely used in the garage of the control system. Centralized parking many advanced modern technology, high-tech garage, which lifting and transferring convenient parking garage, access speed, garage flexible structure, low cost, has become in the f

41、uture parking the main form of development. If the PC-PC as the control system, through flexible, friendly interface to Internet as an information channel can be realized on the parking garage remote network control and management.基于PLC的多层停车场的研究与设计1、立体停车库发展概况立体停车库设备的应用已有30多年的历史了发展较早、较好的有日本、韩国、台湾省、德国

42、等众所周知，我国经济在经历了近30年的高速增长之后，大众对生活质量的要求日益提高，“衣食住行”中的“行”提高到一个新的高度。随之而来的交通方面的情况也日加紧张，而这包含了动态与静态两个方面。如同城市中由平房改建成高楼大厦一样，停车也从平面转向立体化停放，立体停车在静态交通中已经占有越来越重要的地位。立体停车库与传统的地下车库相比，在许多方面都显示出优越性首先是节地优势，以往的地下车库由于要留出足够的行车通道，平均一辆车就要占据40平方米的面积，而如果采用双层立体停车库，可使地面的使用率提高8090，如果采用地上多层（21层）立体式车库的话，50平方米的土地面积上便可存放40辆车，可以节省土地资

43、源和减少土建开发成本。例如北京印度尼西亚驻华大使馆未建多层立体停车库前平面只能放五辆车，现建成三层立体升降横移类停车库后，能停放13辆车，基本能满足驻华大使馆要求。人们普遍认为停车设备行业发展前景良好，并已被誉为21世纪最热门的行业之一。2、升降横移式立体停车库概念立体停车设备目前已提供的共有9大类：升降横移类（PSH）、简易升降类（PJS）、垂直升降类（PCS）、垂直循环类（PCX）、平面移动类（PPY）、巷道堆垛类（PXD）、多层循环类（PDX）、水平循环类（PSX）、汽车升降机（PQS），又有几十种规格，可以适用于不同的空间、场地条件，是一种具有高安全性，高可靠性、高效率的自动化成套设备

44、。在以上9种类型尤以升降横移类（PSH）立体停车库应用最为广泛。采用以载车板升降或横移存取车辆的立体停车设备的停车库叫做升降横移类停车库。升降横移式立体停车库采用模块化设计，每单元可设计成两层、三层、四层、五层、半地下等多种形式，车位数从几个到上百个。由于升降横移类立体停车库的型式比较多，规模可大可小，对场地的适应性较强，因此，采用这类设备的停车库十分普遍。其工作原理为：每个车位均有载车板，所需存取车辆的载车板通过升、降、横移运动到达地面层，驾驶员进入车库，存取车辆，完成存取过程。上层车位或下层车位需通过中间层横移出空位，将载车板升或降到地面层，驾驶员才可进入车库内将汽车开进或开出车库。图1是

45、升降横移类停车设备的工程实例示意图。 图1 PSH型三层升降横移类停车设备示意图3、三层升降横移式立体停车库系统设计升降横移式立体停车库是一种比较典型的跨学科机电一体化产品，集机械、电子、信息技术于一体。升降横移式立体停车库主要由钢结构部分、载车板部分、传动系统、控制系统、安全防护系统5部分组成，如图2所示。三层机械停车设备是升降横移类机械式停车设备的一个类型，此类型车库每组设备的中间层、地面层都留有空车位，地面层只做横移运动，地上二层既做横移运动又做升降运动，地上三层只做升降运动。运行时，地面层可直接存取车；地上二层存取车，需通过地面层相对应的载车台横移让出空位后，升降到达地面层实现；地上三

46、层存取车时，需通过地上二层、地面层相对应的载车台同时横移让出空位后，升降到达地面层实现。其运动的总原则是：升降复位,平移不复位。立体停车库按用户所要求的停车规格设计，运行方式分自动和手动两种，可通过开关切换，在车库正常运行时使用自动方式，在设备维修和调试时可使用手动方式。自动方式和手动方式均采用PLC可编程控制器控制，因此可保证设备在任何方式下的安全运行。设备有多种安全装置可确保人车安全，如安全防坠装置，限位及防过卷装置，断电自动刹车制动装置，错断相保护等。3.1主框架部分实际工程项目：北京印度尼西亚驻华大使馆升降横移类立体停车库，设备整体结构简洁、大方，给人以轻巧、明快的感觉。主体钢架结构采用H型钢、槽钢、钢板焊接成型，用高强度螺栓连接成框架结构，具有较好的强度和刚度。为了使钢架部分的外观美观以及具有抗腐蚀、防锈能力，对钢结构部分喷漆之前采用了机械除锈处理，使停车设备整体表面防护水平达到了较高的档次。另外，整套设备可进行二次拼装和组合，能可靠保证安装质量，有利于运输和缩短现场安装时间。3.2载车板载车板是用来承载库存车辆的。载车板由2.3mm的镀锌板压弯成型，左右边梁采用4.5mm的镀锌板折弯成型。边梁用高强度螺栓和载车不板联接，以保证载车板的刚度和强度。载车板设有阻车与限位装置。3.3驱动系统停车设备的驱动系统采用链条传