中考英语阅读理解题的实用技巧

1、中考英语阅读理解题的实用技巧枣庄镇中心学校：坤强2021年4月中考英语阅读理解题的实用技巧枣庄镇中心学校：坤强1. 保持良好的精神状态。良好的精神状态对于考场上的考生来说非常重要。 因为只有在心理放松的情况下，考生的精力才能够集中，思维才会敏捷，从而才 能将自己的真实水平发挥出来。2. 抓住中心句。阅读短文之前，先看短文是否有标题。假设有，应给予高度重 视。因为标题是文章主题的高度凝聚， 它能给我们启发和想象，有利于加深对短 文的理解，从而提高做题效率。另外，在没有标题的情况下，应充分重视短文的首、尾句。因为大多数文章都是按照“总-分-总的结构布局的。据统计， 英语中有60%-908的主题句位

2、于段首和段尾，短文的其他文字往往是对这些中心 句的解释和说明。3. 克服不良习惯，提高阅读速度。由于考试的时间有限，在保证不出偏差的 前提下，一定要尽可能地提高阅读速度。 倘假设能注意克服以下不良习惯，就可以 大大提高阅读速度：心读。考场上不能出声阅读，于是有的考生就在心里读， 有时考生的嘴唇也在动。这是非常不好的习惯，一定要下决心克服。因为这样做 会直接制约着阅读速度的提高；回视指重新阅读上文。阅读中的回视是一种 无效劳动，所以应一口气把文章读完，尽量不要回视。这坏习惯是慢慢形成的，不是一朝一夕就能克服掉的。在平时的学习中就应当引起注意并加以克服； 一 个词一个词地看。阅读时，视线应从左向右

3、跳跃式移动，着重扫描意群，同时注 意意群中的重要单词，以寻求主要的语言信息。可将冠词、系动词、助动词与不 定式符号等小品词一扫而过，不可一词不漏地全部都看一遍； 只读不记。正确 的做法是：一边阅读一边用笔记下或标出那些与文后所设问题有关的信息。这样,在做题时就用不着重新查阅短文，至少不用一句一句地再寻找那些隐约有印象的 信息，从而可以节省一些时间。4. 判断要有依据，推理要顺乎作者的意图。对于推理性或评价性之类的阅读 理解题目，在材料中一般是找不到现成答案的， 必须通读全篇，对所获信息加以 筛选、提炼、推断，对作者的思想倾向，对文中提与的人物或事件可能产生的结 局等，加以综合考虑才能得出正确结

4、论。对这种题，不能以偏概全，不能“只见 树木，不见森林，不能以个人的想法代替作者的意图。5. 遇到生词时，一定要沉着、冷静。中考英语试题中，一般是不会盲目地出 现生词的，但不排除出现影响答题的生词，同时也可能出现猜想生词的题目，因 为猜想词义也是阅读能力的表达， 当然也在考查围之列。遇到这种题目，只要理 解了全篇材料的大局部容，弄清了上、下文之间的在联系，判断出它在文中可能 存在的含义是不难的。英语中猜想词义的方法很多。如：(1) 根据上、下文进行猜想。这是最重要，也是最常用的方法。有些生词可以 通过上下文的相关信息，或根据同位语，修饰语等猜想词义。例如：The people who surv

5、ived the earthquake cried bitterly over the bodies of their relatives.分析一般来说，中考“阅读理解题中的“词义猜想，并不要求考生根据 构词法去分析单词的词义，而是要求考生根据文中的有关信息对生词的词义进行 推断性的猜想。联系上下文，不难看出：这些人的亲属死了，他们在哭，显然他 们在地震中“ survive 了。这个词不就是“幸存之意吗？可见，这种词义猜 测也是建立在对上下文的正确理解之上的。又如：The pupils assembled in front of the school hall. They came toget

6、her to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting.分析下文中的短语cametogether意思是“聚到一起，由此可以推断出学 生们是“聚集到学校大厅里听运动会的结果的。故该词的意思是“聚集。(2) 利用构词法进行猜想。英语的构词法大致可分为派生、转化和合成等。例 如：Man differs from most from all the other an imals in their ability to learn and use Ian guages.分析不难发现，本句中的生词 differ 跟

7、different是同根词，搭配也是from，其前有mar，其后有animals，根据这些信息可以断定动词differ此处有 “和不相同、“与存在差异之意。这里要特别强调一点，大局部阅读题目在设计过程中，已充分考虑到了生词 对答题的影响。对于那些对答题无关紧要的生词，如人名、地名、产品商标名称 或影视剧目名称等，一般是不加注汉语的，只要能推断出那些生词的类别就可以 了，不必弄清其准确含义。对于那些一时难以断定其意思又不阻碍理解的生词， 大可不必理会。另外，熟词新义也是应当引起重视的。英语词语往往具有一词多义，在不同 的场合它所表达的意思就不一定相同。如果仅仅用它的主要或常用的词义来理解 一篇文

8、章，就可能产生误解，或者根本无法了解作者的意图。如果一时间想不起 该词的其他含义，可根据上下文来判断该词的词义。特别是那些关键词，必须仔细推敲。实战训练AHave you ever heard of e-books? E-books are electronic books. They are no larger tha n an ordinary book, with a scree n on which you can read.How does the e-book work?First, you call up websites on your computer and select

9、books that youwant. There are thousands of books provided by differentwebsites on theIntern et. Then dow nl oad the books you like on to your e-book. You can download about 10 books at a time. Now you can just sit back and enjoy yourself read ing.Compared with ordinary books, e-books have many adva

10、ntages. First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10 books into a thing no bigger than a pocket radio and then carry it everywhere. You can renew reading materials in your e-book as many times as you like. With the developme nt of e-book tech no logy, probably an e-library will appear

11、. Then you just take your e-books there and dow nl oad what you want to read. You no Ion ger n eed to worry about whether your books are over-due or not.根据短文容，选择可以完成句子的最正确答案。1. E-books are.A. electro nic booksB. no larger tha n an ordinary bookC. very popular in big cityD. A, B and C2. First, you.A.

12、 call up websites on your computerB. read books that you wantC. tur n on your e-bookD. dow nl oad the books you like3. You can dow nl oadbooks at a time.A. two B. ten C. twelve D. twenty4. E-books.A. save spaceB. save moneyC. look like a pocket radioD. carry it easily5. There must be anin the future

13、.A. e-bookB.C. e-library D. e-houseBEager to ope n up a space tourism market, a Russia n compa ny prese nted a “space place model. It would give tourists the chanee to spend an hour in space.An ybody who can pay about $100,000 would be able to experie nee zero gravity. About 100 people have already

14、booked seats to fly on the C-21 pla ne. The US compa ny helped the first space tourist, Dennis Tito, to secure his flightto the InternationalSpace Station. Tito is said to havepaid $20 million for the eight-day trip. C-21 would offer tourists a smallglimpse of space. The aircraft,carrying a pilot an

15、d two passengers, willbe positioned on top of a carrier airplane until it is 17,100 metres in the air. Once released from the carrier, the ship ' s own rocket will send it to a height of over 96 kilometers for three minutes of weightlessness. Then C-21 will slide back into the atmosphere and lan

16、d like an ordinary plane. The entire flight willonly take about an hour.(from .zkenglish.)仔细阅读短文，补上每个句子中所缺的词，使句意完整，语句连贯。6. Acompanywould give tourists the to spend an hourin space.7. About 100 people areto spend $100,000 for on theC-21 pla ne.8. Dennis Tito is the first. He have paid $20 millionfor

17、the eight-day trip in space.9. Aand twowill be positi oned on top of a carrierairpla ne.10. C-21 willback into the atmosphere andlike anordinary pla ne.COnce a boy who wan ted to fly covered his arms with feathers. He used wax to keep the feathers on. But he flew too close to the sun. The wax melted

18、. The feathers came off. Dow n came the boy!This is just a story. But it tells us that man has always dreamed of flying. In 1783, this dream came true. Two French brothers inven ted the hot-air ballo on. It rose a thousa nd feet high.It took almost 100 years for men to move from the hot-air ballo on

19、 to the first airship. It was inven ted in the late 1900s. It was a powered ballo on.In North Carolina of America, less than twenty-five years later, theWright Brothers flew the first airpla ne. This first flight, i n 1903, lasted less tha n half a minu te. It covered just a few feet.根据短文容，选择能答复所提问题

20、的最正确答案。11. Why did the boy come dow n from the sky? Because.A. he covered his arms with feathersB. he used wax to keep the feathers onC. he flew too close to the sunD. the wax melted and the feathers came off12. Who i nven ted the hot-air balloo n?A. Two French brothers.B. the Wright Brothers.C. Ben

21、jamin Fran kli n.D. Ein ste in.13. Whe n was the first airship inven ted?A. In the late 1900s. B. About 100 years ago.C. A and B.D. Many years ago.14. How about the first airpla ne?A. The Wright Brothers inven ted the first airpla ne.B. It flew less tha n half a minute and a few feet high.C. This fi

22、rst flight was in 1903.D. It was born in North Caroli na of America.答案与解析1. D。根据 E-books are electronic books. They are no larger than anordinary book, with a screen on which you can read可知答案为 Db2. A。根据 First, you call up websites on your computer and select books that you want 可知答案为A。3. B。根据 You ca

23、n download about 10 books at a time你每次大约能下载10本书就能确定答案。4. A。根据 First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10books into a thing no bigger tha n a pocket radio and the n carry it everywhere首先，电子书节省空间，你能放10本书进入比口袋收音机大不多的 一件东西里，且可携带到任何地方去可确定答案。5. C。根据 With the developme nt of e-book tech no

24、 logy, probably ane-library will appear随着电子书技术的开展，电子图书馆就会应运而生就能确定答案。6. Russian, chanee 。根据 Eager to open up a space tourism market, aRussian companypresented a “space place model. It would give tourists the chanee to spend an hour in space人类渴望开发太空旅游市场 , 一家俄罗斯公司提出一项“太空住所样式，将给旅游者提供1小时在太空潇洒的机 会足能敲定要填的词

25、from .zkenglish. 。7. eager, flying 。根据 Anybody who can pay about $100,000 would be able to experie nee zero gravity. About 100 people have already booked seatsto fly on the C-21 pla ne 任何能负担得起大约10万美元的人都能体验飞行时之失重状态，约有100人已经预定了飞向太空的C-21型飞机的座位足能敲定要填的词。8. space tourist 。根据 The US company helped the first space tourist,Denn is Tito, to secure his flight to the Intern ati onalSpace Stati on. Titois said to have paid $20 millio n for the eight-day trip美国公司帮助第一位太空旅行者丹尼斯提托平安飞行到太空站上，据提托说他付了两千万美元 旅行了 8天足能敲定要填的词。9. pilot, passengers。根据 The aircraft, carrying a pilot and twopassengers, will be pos