兽医专业英语练习题

1、百度文库让每个人平等地提升自我第一部分：单词英译汉1、cytokines（细胞因子）2polymerasechainreaction（聚合酶链反应（=PCR）3>hormone（荷尔蒙）4>looseconnectivetissue（疏松结缔组织）5、highlypathogenicavianinfluenzavirus（高致病性禽流感病毒）6、generalanesthesia（全身麻醉）7、authorindex（作者索引）8>morbidity（发病;发病率）9、chickembryo（鸡胚）10>monocloneantibody（单克隆抗体）11、polyav

2、itaminosis（多种维生素缺乏症）12、pulmonaryartery（肺动脉）13>mortality（死亡数;死亡率S1）14、cross-protection（交义保护）15lymphocyte（淋巴球，淋巴细胞）16、myocardium（心肌）17>targetcell（靶细胞）18、serum（浆液;血清）19、theinfectedblood（血液感染）20、inflammation（炎症;发炎）21>metabolism（新陈代谢）22、sulfonamideantimicrobials（磺胺抗生素）23>intravenous（静脉内的）24ma

3、stitis（乳腺炎）25>interleukins（白细胞介素）26、streptococcosissuis（猪链球菌病）27、druginteractions（药物相互作用）28、gentamicin（庆大霉素）29、ScienceCitationIndex（SCI）（科学引文索引）30、sandwichELISA（夹心酶联免疫吸附试验）第二部分：请将下列句子中下画线部分译成汉语1、Inthispaper,wereporttheeffectofplasmachangeinaewewiththissyndrome.（并发症状）2、Co-infectionandinteractionof

4、differentimmunosuppressiveviruses（抑制免疫力的）3、Co-infectionandinteractionofdifferentimmunosuppressive_viruses（混合感染）4、Twenty-oneMerinosheepwhichhadbeendrenchedwithanthelminticswereusedinthisstudy.（驱虫药）5、Druginteractionsmayoccurinvitrowhenincompatibledrugsaremixedinthesamesyringeorvialorwhendrugsaremixedi

5、nincompatiblesolvents.（在试管内）6、Avianinfluenzavirusisshedinhighconcentrationsinthefecesandsurvivesforlongperiods,especiallyinwateratlowtemperature.（浓度）7、Thefeatherlessbroilerisreadytogotomarket.（炙肉）8、ParamyxovirusIandinfectiousbronchitisvirusA-6wereusedascontrolantigens.（抑制）9、Frequently,concurrentadmi

6、nistrationofmorethanonedrugisneededtoachievetherapeuticgoals.（管理部门;行政机构，政府）10、18（46%）oftheflocksgavepositivetests.（确定的；确实的）第三部分：句子英译汉1、Detectionofantibodiesagainstinfectiousbronchitisviiusbyenzymelinkedimmunosorbentassayinthesenjmoffowlsfromnon-vaccinatedflocks.抗体检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的酶联免疫测定血清中的禽未接种疫苗的羊群。2、I

7、twasnotuntil1998thatthephenomenonofRNAiwasdiscovered.直到1998那个核糖核酸干扰的现象cai被发现3、Cytokinesthatareproducedbymononuclearphagocytesaresometimescalledmonokines,andthoseproducedbylymphocytesarecommonlycalledlymphokines.细胞因子是由单核吞噬细胞有时被称为单核因子，而产生的淋巴细胞通常被称为淋巴因子。4、Avianinfluenzaviruseshavealsobeenisolatedinmany

8、countriesfromimportedcagedbirds.禽流感病毒也被孤立在许多国家进口关在笼里的鸟儿5、InfluenceofPorcineCircovirusType2（PCV2）InfectiononSwineImmuneFunctions.影响猪2型圆环病毒（PCV2）感染对猪免疫功能。6、VitaminKisnotabsorbedfromtheupperintestine.维生素不吸收从小肠上部。第四部分：句子汉译英1、广西大学动物科学技术学院预防兽医学教研室GuangxiUniversityCollegeofanimalscienceandTechnologyDepartm

9、entofPreventiveVeterinaryMedicine2、广西禽流感病毒的分离和鉴定Guangxiavianinfluenzavirusisolationandidentification第五部分：请按照译文翻译格式将下文翻译成汉语(20分)。AustVetJ.2006Jan-Feb;84(1-2):59-62.奥斯特兽医荷兰J.2006：84(1)：59-62NewcastleDiseaseAntibodyTestKit纽卡斯尔病抗体检测试剂盒，NewcastleDiseaseisaneconomicallyimportantdiseaseofdomesticturkeys.Cl

10、inicalsignsassociatedwithNewcastlediseasevirus(NDV)infectionvaryfrommild,subclinicalinfectiontofulminatingdiseasewithhighmortality.TheProFLOK®NDV-TELISAKitisarapidserologictestforthedetectionofNDVantibodyinturkeyserumsamples.Itwasdevelopedprimarilytoaidinthedetectionofpreandpost-vaccinationNDVa

11、ntibodylevelsinturkeys.TheassayisdesignedtomeasureturkeyNDVantibodyboundtoNDVantigenCoatedplates.Theprincipleofthetestisasfollows:SerumobtainedfromturkeysexposedtoNewcastleDiseaseViruscontainsspecificanti-NDVantibodies.Serum,dilutedinDilutionBuffer,isaddedtoanNDVantigencoatedplate.Afterwashingthepla

12、ted,anaffinitypurifiedgoatanti-turkeyIgG(H+L)peroxidaseconjugateisaddedtoeachwell.Theantibody-antigencomplexremainingfromthepreviousstepbindswiththeconjugate.Afterabriefincubationperiod,theunboundconjugateisremovedbyasecondwashstep.Substrate,whichcontainsachromagen,isaddedtoeachwell.Chromagencolorch

13、ange(fromcleartogreen-blue)occursinthepresenceoftheperoxidaseenzyme.Therelativeintensityofcolordevelopedin15minutes(comparedtocontrols)isdirectlyproportionaltothelevelofNDVantibodyintheserum.Afterthesubstratehasincubated.StopSolutionisaddedtoeachwelltoterminatethereactionandtheplateisreadusinganELIS

14、AplatereaderAt405-4lOnm.纽卡斯尔是一个经济上重要的疾病的国内火鸡。临床症状与纽卡斯尔病病毒(病毒)感染不同，从轻微，亚临床感染暴发性疾病的高死亡率。proflok®ndv-t试剂盒是一个快速血清学试验检测新城疫病毒抗体在土耳其血清样本。它是主要帮助检测前和后-接种新城疫病毒抗体水平的火鸡。该法的目的是衡量火鸡新城疫抗体绑定到病毒抗原涂层板。检测原理如下：血清获得火鸡暴露纽卡斯尔疾病病毒包含具体的反病毒抗体。血清稀释，稀释液，添加到新城疫病毒抗原涂层板。清洗后镀，亲和纯化山羊anti-turkey抗体(+1)过氧化物酶结合物被添加到每个井。抗体抗原复杂剩余从前面

15、的步骤，结合共加。经过简短的孵化期，约束共胡去除一次清洗步骤。基板，其中包含一个快，添加到每个井。快颜色的变化(从清晰到蓝绿)发生在过氧化物酶的存在。相对强度的颜色在15分钟(与对照组相比)是成正比的新城疫病毒抗体的血清。基板后已培养，阻止溶液加入到每一个终止反应和板是阅读使用酶标板读者405-41OnmTheHemagglutinin-NeuraminidaseProteinofNewcastle纽卡斯尔的血凝素神经氨酸酶蛋白DiseaseVirusDeterminesTropismandVirulence病毒取向和毒性ZhuhuiHuaiig,tAiunaPandaSubbialiElan

16、kumaranjDhanasekaranGovindarajan,DanielD.Rockcmann,andSibaK.Samal*Received20October2003/Accepted11December2003Thehemagglutinin-neuraminidase(HN)proteinofNewcastlediseasevirus(NDV)playsacrucialroleintheprocessofinfection.However,theexactcontributionoftheHNgenetoNDVpathogenesisisnotknown.Inthisstudy,t

17、heroleoftheHNgeneinNDVvinjlencewasexamined.Byuseofreversegeneticsprocedures,theHNgenesofavirulentrecombinantNDVstrain,rBeaudetteC(rBC),andanavinilentrecombinantNDVstrain,rLaSota,wereexchanged.Thehemadsorptionandneuraminidaseactivitiesofthechimericvirusesshowedsignificantdifferencesfromthoseoftheirpa

18、rentalstrains,butheterotypicFandHNpairswereequallyeffectiveinfusionpromotion.ThetissuetropismofthevinjseswasshowntobedependentontheoriginoftheHNprotein.ThechimericviruswiththeHNproteinderivedfromthevirulentvirusexhibitedatissuepredilectionsimilartothatofthevirulentvirus,andviceversa.Thechimericvirus

19、eswithreciprocalHNproteinseithergainedorlostvirulence,asdeterminedbyastandardintracerebralpathogenicityindextestofchickensandbythemeandeathtimeinchickenembryos(ameasuredevisedtoclassifytheseviruses),indicatingthatvirulenceisafunctionoftheaminoaciddifferencesintheHNprotein.Theseresultsareconsistentwi

20、ththehypothesisthatthevinjlenceofNDVismultigenicandthatthecleavabilityofFproteinalonedoesnotdeterminethevirulenceofastrain.血凝素神经氨酸酶蛋白（湖南）纽卡斯尔病病毒（病毒）发挥了至关重要的作用在感染过程。但是，确切的贡献的基因对新城疫病毒的发病机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，所起的作用的基因在新城疫病毒毒力研究。通过使用反向遗传学程序,通用基因的一个致命的重组新城疫病毒株，rbeaudette丙（红细胞），和一个无毒重组新城疫病毒株，rlasota,交换。该血吸附和神经氨酸酶

21、活动的嵌合病毒有显着差异，从他们的父母株，但异型和惠娜对同样有效促进融合。组织取向的病毒被证明是取决于原产地的蛋白。嵌合病毒的蛋白从致命的病毒表现出组织偏好相似，恶性病毒，反之亦然。嵌合病毒F蛋白相互可以得到或失去毒性，所确定的标准，脑内接种致病指数试验鸡和鸡胚平均死亡时间（一个制定分类这些病毒），表明毒力是一个功能的氨基酸差异的蛋白。这些结果是一致的假设，毒力基因和新城疫病毒融合蛋白的裂解性本身并不确定致病株。AvianinfluenzavirusandNewcastlediseasevirus（NDV）禽流感病毒和纽卡斯尔病毒（病毒）surveillanceincommercialbree

22、dingfarminChinaandthecharacterizationofClassINDVisolates监控在商业养殖场在中国和表征一类的新城疫病毒分离BeixiaHua.*.YanyanHuanga,YefengHeb,ChuantianXua,XishanLuc,WeiZhanga,BinMengd,ShiganYana,XiumeiZhanga*ABSTRACTdiseasevirus（NDV）inducksinShandongprovinceofChina,extensivesurveillancestudieswerecarriedoutinthebreedingduckso

23、fanintensivefarmfromJuly2007toSeptember2008.Eachmonthcloacalandtrachealswabsweretakenfrom30randomlyselectedbirdsthatappearedhealthy.AHoftheswabswerenegativeforinfluenzaAvirusrecovery,whereas87.5%oftrachealswabsand100%cloacalswabscollectedinSeptember2007,werepositiveforNewcastlediseasevirusisolation.

24、SeveralNDVisolateswererecoveredfromtrachealandcloacalswabsofapparentlyhealthyducks.AlloftheisolateswereapathogenicasdeterminedbytheMDTandICPI.TheHNgeneandthevariableregionofFgene（nt47-420）offourisolatesselectedatrandomweresequenced.A374bpregionofFgeneandthefulllengthofHNgenewereusedforphylogenetican

25、alysis.Fourisolateswereidentifiedasthesameisolatebasedonnucleotidesequencesidentitiesof99.2-100%,displayingacloserphylogeneticrelationshiptolentogenicClassIviruses.Therewere1.9-9.9%nucleotidedifferencesbetweentheisolatesandotherClassIvirusinthevariableregionofFgene（nt47-420）,whereastherewere38.5-41.

26、2%nucleotidedifferencebetweentheisolatesandClassIIviruses.TheaminoacidsequencesoftheFproteincleavagesitesintheseisolateswere112-ERQERL-l17.ThefulllengthofHNgeneoftheseisolateswas1851bp,coding585aminoacids.ThehomologyanalysisofthenucleotidesequenceofHNgeneindicatedthattherewere2.（X2%nucleotidediffere

27、ncesbetweentheisolatesandotherClassIviruses,whereastherewere29.5M0.9%differencesbetweentheisolatesandClassIIviruses.Theresultsshowsthattheseisolatesarenotphylogeneticallyrelatedtothevaccinestrain（LaSota）.ThisstudyaddstotheunderstandingoftheecologyofinfluenzavirusesandNewcastlediseasevirusesinducksan

28、demphasizestheneedforconstantsurveillanceintimesofanongoingandexpandingepidemicofAIVandNDV病病毒（病毒）在中国山东省，广泛的监测进行了研究，在鸭养殖的集约农场从七月的2007上升到九月的2008o每个月的泄殖腔和气管拭子取自30个随机选择的，是健康的。所有样本呈阴性流感病毒恢复，而87.5%的气管拭子和100%泄殖腔拭子收集在九月2007,积极为纽卡斯尔病病毒分离。儿株菌株从气管和泄殖腔拭子看起来健康的鸭子。所有的菌株正常所确定的化疗和ICP.该基因的可变区基因（新台币47-420）四株选定在random

29、were测序。374区基因和全长基因进行系统进化分析。四个菌株被确定为同一个孤立的核甘酸序列身份99.2-100%,显示一个更近的系统发育关系lentogenic类病毒。有1.9-9.9%核甘酸之间的差异株等一类病毒的可变区基因（新台币47-420）,而有38.5-41.2%核甘酸之间的差异株和I类病毒。氨基酸序列的蛋白质裂解网站在这些菌株112-erqerl-117o全长基因的这些菌株是1851个碱基，编码585个氨基酸。同源性分析核甘酸序列的基因片段显示，有2-4.2%核甘酸之间的差异株和其他类病毒，而有29.540.9%之间的差异株和H类病毒。结果表明，这些菌株是不经过疫苗相关株（新城疫

30、）。这项研究增加了理解的流感病毒生态学和纽卡斯尔病病毒在鸭和强调需要不断监测时间的持续和扩大流行的禽流感病毒和新城疫病毒MultiplexRT-PCRforrapiddetectionanddifferentiationofclassIandclassIINewcastlediseaseviruses多重RT-PCR快速检测和分化的第一类和第二类纽卡斯尔病病毒HualeiLiu,YunlingZhao,DongxiaZheng,YanLv.WeiZhang,TiangangXu,JinmingLi.ZhiHangWangAmultiplexRT-PCRwasdevelopedfordetect

31、ionanddifferentiationofclassIandclassIIstrainsofNewcastlediseasevinjs(NDV).Themethodwasshowntohavehighspecificityandsensitivity.TheresultsobtainedfromthemultiplexRT-PCRforatotalof67NDVfieldisolatesobtainedin2009wereconsistentwiththoseobtainedbynucleotidesequencingandphylogeneticanalysis.AphylogenetictreebasedonthepailialsequencesoftheFgenerevealedthatthe67fieldisolatesofNDVcouldbedividedintotwoclasses.Twenty-sevenNDVisolatesweregroupedintoclassI,andtw