中考复习专题形容词和副词

1、 用以修饰名词，表示事物的用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征特征的词。的词。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.在句中作在句中作定语定语、表语表语、宾语宾语补足语补足语等成分等成分e.g. He is a good student.I have something important to tell you.当形容词修饰由当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后不定代词的之后. e.g.Is there anything interesting in todays n

2、ewspaper ?be动词和连系动词后常跟形容词做表语:The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.常见的接形容词作表语的动词:“一好像”seem;”二保持”keep, remain;”三变化”become, get, turn;”五感官”look, sound, taste, feel, smell只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？你能说出几个？alone/ afraid/ awake/ asleep/ alive/ able形容词和宾语一起构成形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语复合宾

3、语e.g.We must keep the classroom clean.He made us happy. Colour it green.常见的跟宾补的动词有常见的跟宾补的动词有:Keep, make, find, feel, think用来修饰动词、形容词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或其它副词、全句或 名词词组及句子的词。名词词组及句子的词。e.g. very, early, out, soon, quickly, etc.用用 法法例例 句句作表语作表语My mother is out .作定语作定语The girl there is my friend. 作状语作状语He

4、 runs fast .作宾补作宾补I found him outside.如何区分形容词如何区分形容词(的的)和副词和副词(地地 -ly)1.直接由形容词加直接由形容词加ly构成构成. 如如: bad-badly, slow-slowly 2.以辅音字母加le的词,去e加y. 如如:simple-simply, terrible-terribly3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词,改y为i,再加ly 如如: happy-happily, lucky-luckily 4.其他变化形式其他变化形式:full-fully, true-truly5.不带不带ly的常用副词有的常用副词有: wel

5、l, fast, hard, high, straight等等.注意注意:daily, lovely, friendly, lonely, ugly, likely等是形容词等是形容词,不是副词不是副词. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级（ The Comparative and Superlative degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs) 英语中有时需要对两者进行比较，这时就英语中有时需要对两者进行比较，这时就需用形容词或者副词的比较等级。如是三需用形容词或者副词的比较等级。如是三者或三者以上的比较就用最高级。者或三者以上的比较就用最高

6、级。比较等级分为：比较等级分为： 原级原级 old late 比较级比较级 older later 最高级最高级 oldest latestJimLi LeiTomLi Lei is taller than Tom.Jim is the tallest of all. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级（ The Comparative and Superlative degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs) 英语中有时需要对两者进行比较，这时就英语中有时需要对两者进行比较，这时就需用形容词或者副词的比较等级。需用形容词或者副词的比较等级。比较

7、等级分为：比较等级分为： 原级原级 old late 比较级比较级 older later 最高级最高级 oldest latestLets Lets fill in the fill in the blanks,blanks, 词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高最高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(最高级最高级)以字母以字母e接尾的词加接尾的词加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或或estbig hot

8、thin fat wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加加more 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest drie

9、st earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词可加词可加-er或或-est原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestol

10、dest/eldest巧记：巧记：特殊形式比较级特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一共有三对二合一,坏病两多并两好坏病两多并两好,little意思不是小意思不是小,一分为二有两个一分为二有两个,一是老来二是远一是老来二是远.Tom is as tall as Mike. as+形容词原形形容词原形+asThere are as many students in our school as yours. Tom is three times as old as Mike. 否定否定 not as+形容词原形形容词原形+as “和和 不一样不一样” 或或 not so+形容词原形形容词原形+as “不及不

11、如不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.Tom is not so tall as Mike. This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. so+ 形容词原级形容词原级+that丛句丛句 such+名词名词that丛句丛句He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door . too+原级原级+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 形容词原级形容词原级+ enough to do sth. 比较级比较级+than This

12、bridge is longer than that one. Our school is larger than theirs. 表示两者之间的选择，可使用表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which is+ 比较级，比较级，or?” 表示不及另一方时，使用表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级原级+than”Which is longer, this one or that?This park is less beautiful than that one. 倍数问题:A是B的几倍有两种表达方式.如下:A is three times as big as B.A is five times de

13、arer than B“The+比较级比较级，the+比较级比较级” “比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级” The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us the heat. In spring, the days are getting longer and longer. 修饰形容词比较级的词有:much, a lot, a little, a bit, far, by far, even, still, rather, three timesone of the+最高级最高级+名词复数名词复数最高级+of (in)This is/

14、was the最高级最高级+名词名词+that定语从句定语从句Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. This is the worst film that I have seen these years. Bill is the cleverest of the three boys. China is the largest country in Asia. 注意:这种句型也可以换成比较级的形式.如:China is larger than any other 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词

15、的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g. 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the,副副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.fast-faster-fastestslowly- more slowly most slowly1. The bread is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicio

16、us C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiestCCA 4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in Aug

17、ust A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hotter, hot D. hot , hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavierDCD 7. A horse is _ than a dog . A

18、. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stron