材料英文文献翻译

1、The developme nt of plastic mouldChi na's in dustrial plastic moulds from the start to now, after more tha n half a cen tury, there has bee n great developme nt, mold levels have bee n greatly enhan ced. Mould has bee n at large can produce 48-i nch big-scree n color TV Molded Case injectio n mo

2、ld, 6.5 kg capacity wash ing machi ne full of plastic molds, as well as the overall car bumpers and dashboards, and other plastic mould precisi on plastic molds, the camera is capable of produci ng plastic mould , multi-cavity mold small modulus gear and mold ing mold. -Such as Tianjin and Yan tai d

3、ays Electrical Co., Ltd Polaris IK Co. manu factured multi-cavity mold VCD and DVD gear, the gear product ion of such size precisi on plastic parts, coaxial, beat ing requireme nts have reached a similar foreig n the level of product, but also the applicati on of the latest gear desig n software to

4、correct con tract ion as a result of the moldi ng profile error to the sta ndard invo lute requireme nts. Producti on can only 0.08 mm thick ness of a two-cavity mold and the air Cup difficulty of plastic doors and windows out of high modulus, and so on. Model cavity in jecti on mold ing manu factur

5、i ng accuracy of 0.02 to 0.05 mm, surface rough ness Ra0.2 卩 m, mold quality, and sig nifica ntly in crease life expecta ncy, non-hardening steel mould life up to 10 30 million, hardening steel form up to 50 10 million times, shorten the delivery time than before, but still higher than abroad,a nd t

6、he gap betwee n a specific data table.Process, the multi-material plastic molding die, efficient multicolor injection mould, in serts excha nge structure and core pulli ng Stripp ing the inno vative desig n has also made great progress. Gas-assisted injectio n moldi ng, the use of more mature tech n

7、o logies, such as Qin gdao Hise nse Co., Ltd., Tianjin factory com muni cati ons and broadcast ing compa ni es, such as mold manu facturers succeeded in 29 34-i nch TV thick-walled shell, as well as some parts on the use of gas-assisted mould tech no logy Some manu facturers also use the C-MOLD gas-

8、assisted software and achieved better results. Prescott, such as Shan ghai, such as the new compa ny will provide users with gas-assisted mold ing equipme nt and tech no logy. Bega n promot ing hot runner mold, and some plants use rate of more than 20 percent, the general heat-thermal hot runner, or

9、 device, a small number of units with the world's advaneed level of rigorous hot runner-needle device, a small number of units with World advaneed level of rigorous n eedle-hot runner mould. However, the use of hot runner overall rate of less tha n 10%, with overseas compared to 50 80%, the gap

10、larger. I n the manu facturi ng tech no logy, CAD / CAM / CAE tech no logy on the level of ap plicatio n of a new level to the en terprise for the product ion of household applia nces represe ntatives have in troduced a considerable number of CAD / CAM systems, such as the United States EDS UO , the

11、 Un ited States Parametric Tech no logy Pro / Engin eer, the Un ited States CV CADS5 company, the British company DOCT5 Deltacam, HZS's CRADE Japan, the compa ny's Cimatro n Israel, the Un ited States AC-C-Tech Mold Compa ny and Australia's MPA Mold flow Mold analysis software, and so on

12、. These systems and the in troducti on of the software, although a lot of money spe nt, but in our country die in dustry, and achiev ing a CAD / CAM in tegratio n, and to support CAE tech no logy to forming processes such as mold ing and cooli ng, such as computer simulati on, and achieved certa in

13、The tech ni cal and econo mic ben efits, promote and facilitate Chin a's CAD / CAM tech no logy. In rece nt years, Chi na's own developme nt of the plastic mould CAD / CAM system has achieved significant development, the main guarantor Software Engin eeri ng In stitute, is the developme nt o

14、f CAXA, Huazho ng Uni versity of Scie nee HSC5.0 developme nt of the system and injectio n mold CAE software, and so on, these Die of domestic software with the specific circumsta nces in the application of computer and lower prices, and other characteristics, in order to further uni versal CAD / CA

15、M tech no logy has created good con diti ons.In rece nt years, China has bee n more exte nsive use of some new plastic mold steel, such as: P20, 3Cr2Mo, PMS, SMI , SM U , and the quality of life of mold has a direct significant impact on the overall use of the still less . Plastic Moulds standard mo

16、del planes, such as standard putter and spring has given more applications, and there have bee n some of the commercializati on of domestic hot runner system comp onen ts. However, at prese nt China Die level of sta ndardizati on and commercializati on in the gen eral level of below 30 perce nt and

17、foreig n adva need in dustrial coun tries has reached 70 perce nt compared to 80 perce nt, still a large gap. Table 1, at home and abroad plastic mould tech no logy comparis on tab,Domestic projects abroad cavity in jecti on model accuracy of 0.005 0.010.02mm 0.05mm cavity surface roughness Ra0.01 0

18、.05卩 mRa0.20iardemedcsteel die life 10to 60 million 10 30 million hardened steel die life 160 300 million of 50 100 million hot runner mould overall utilization rate of more than 80 per cent less than 10 per cent level of standardization of 70 80% less than 30% of medium-sized plastic mould product

19、ion cycle about a mon th 2 4 mon ths in the mold in dustry in the amount of 30 to 40% 25 to 30% Accord ing to the parties concerned forecast, the market's overall vigorous mold is a smooth upward, in the next Die market, the development of plastic mould faster than the other Die, die in the prop

20、ortion of industry will gradually improve. With the continuous development of the plastics in dustry, put on the plastic mold grow ing dema nds is a no rmal, and so sophisticated, large-scale, complex, long-life plastic mould development will be higher than the overall pace of developme nt. At the s

21、ame time, imports in rece nt years because of the mold, precision, large, complex, long-life die in the majority, therefore, reduce imports perspective, in the mold of such high-e nd market share will gradually in crease. The rapid developme nt of the con structi on in dustry so that the various Pro

22、file Extrusion Die, PVC plastic pipe fittings Die Die market become a new econo mic growth point, the rapid developme nt of highways, car tires also put a higher dema nd, radial tire Die, Die particularly active pace of developme nt will also be higher than the overall average level of the plastic a

23、nd wood, plastic and metal to make plastic molds in the automotive, motorcycle in dustry in the dema nd for huge household appliances industry in the "10th Five-Year Plan" period ave greater developme nt, especially refrigerators,air-c on diti oners and microwave ove ns, and other parts of

24、 the great dema nd for plastic moulds, and electr onics and com muni cati ons products, in additi on to audio-video products, such as color televisi on s, laptop computers and set-top boxes will be give n a wider n etwork development, which are Plastic Mold market is the growth point.Chin a's in

25、 dustrial and tech no logical plastic mould the future direct ion of the major developme nts will in clude: 1, rais ing large, sophisticated, complex, l on g-life mold desig n and manu facturi ng sta ndards and proporti on. This is due to the mold ing plastic mould products in creas in gly large, co

26、mplex and high-precisi on requireme nts, as well as requireme nts for high productivity and the developme nt of a multi-mode due. 2, in the desig n and manu facture of plastic mould fully promote the use of CAD / CAM / CAE tech nology. CAD / CAM tech no logy has developed into a relatively mature te

27、ch no logy com mon in rece nt years CAD / CAM tech no logy hardware and software prices has bee n reduced to SMEs gen erally acceptable level of popularity for further create good con diti ons; based on n etwork CAD / CAM / CAE system in tegratio n structure the in itial sig ns of emerg ing, and it

28、will solve the traditi onal mixed CAD / CAM system can not meet the actual product ion process requireme nts of the division of collaboration; CAD / CAM software will gradually improve intelligence plastic parts and the 3-D mold design and prototyping process 3-D analysis will be in our plastic moul

29、d industries play an increasingly important role. 3, promote the use of hot runner tech no logy, gas-assisted injectio n moldi ng tech no logy and high-pressure injection moldi ng tech no logy. Using hot runner mould tech no logy can improve the productivity and quality of parts and plastic parts ca

30、n be substantial sav ings of raw materials and en ergy con servati on, exte nsive applicati on of this tech no logy is a big plastic mould cha nges. Hot Runner comp onents formulate n atio nal sta ndards, and actively produce cheap high-quality comp onen ts, the developme nt of hot runner mold is th

31、e key. Gas-assisted inject ion moldi ng product quality can be guaranteed under the premise of substantially lower cost. Currently in the automotive and applia nee in dustries gradually promote the use of the Chia ng Kai-shek. Gas-assisted injection molding of the ordinary than the traditional injec

32、tion of more parameters n eed to ide ntify and con trol, and its more common ly used in large, complex products, mold design and control more difficult, therefore, the development of gas-assisted moldi ng flow an alysis software It seems very importa nt. On the other hand in order to ensure precisio

33、n plastic parts to continue to study the development of tech no logy and high-pressure injectio n moldi ng and injectio n-compressio n moldi ng mould and die tech no logy is also very importa nt. 4, the developme nt of new plastics moldi ng tech no logy and rapid econo mic mold. To adapt to more var

34、iety, less volume of production. 5, and improve standardization of plastic mould standard parts usage. China's mold and die level of standard parts standardization still low, the gap between the large and foreig n, to a certa in exte nt con strai ning the developme nt of in dustries in our count

35、ry die, die to improve quality and reduce manu facturi ng costs Die, Die sta ndard parts to vigorously promote the applicati on. To this end, first of all, to formulate a unified national standards, and in strict accordance with the standards of product ion, sec on dly it is n ecessary to gradually

36、scale product ion, to improve the commercialization of the standard of quality, and reduce costs again it is necessary to further in crease the sta ndard specificati ons of varieties. 6, Die applicati on quality materials and adva need surface treatme nt tech no logy for impro ving the quality of li

37、fe and mold it is necessary. 7, research and application of high-speed die measurement tech no logy and reverse engin eeri ng. CMM-use 3D sca nner or reverse engin eeri ng is the realizati on of plastic moulds CAD / CAM one of the key tech no logies. Research and Applicati on of diversity, adjustme

38、nt, cheap detecti on equipme nt is to achieve the n ecessary prec on diti on for reverse engin eeri ng.塑料模具的开展中国塑料模工业自从开始到现在，已经经过了半个多世纪，有了非常伟大的 开展，模具水平有了很大的提高。在大型模具方面已经能够生产48英寸大屏幕彩电塑壳注射模具、6.5kg大容量洗衣机全套塑料模具以及汽车保险杠和整体仪 表板等塑料模具；精密塑料模具方面，已能生产照相机塑料件模具、多型腔小模 数齿轮模具及塑封模具。例如天津津荣天和机电和烟台北极星I.K模具制造的多腔VCD和DVD齿轮模

39、具，所生产的这类齿轮塑件的尺寸精度、 同轴度、跳动等要求都与国外同类产品的水平差不多了，而且还采用了最新的齿轮设计软件，纠正了由于成型收缩所造成的齿形误差， 到达了标准渐开线齿形要 求。还能够生产厚度仅仅为0.08m m的一模两腔的航空杯模具和难度较高的塑料 门窗挤出模等等。注塑模型腔制造精度可达0.020.05mm外表粗糙度Ra0.2卩m模具质量、寿命明显提高了，非淬火钢模寿命可达 1030万次，淬火钢模 达501000万次，交货期比拟以前来讲缩短了，但和国外相比拟而言仍然有较 大的差距，具体的数据请见数据表。在成型工艺方面，多材质塑料成型模具、高效多色注射模具、镶件互换结构 和抽芯脱模机构

40、的创新和设计方面也取得了较大的进展。气体辅助注射成型技术的使用也更加趋向于成熟，例如青岛海信模具、天津通信播送公司模具 厂等等厂家成功地在2934英寸电视机外壳以及一些厚壁零件的模具上运用了 气辅技术，一些厂家还使用了 C-MOL氐辅软件，取得了很好的效果。例如上海 新普雷斯等公司就能为用户提供气辅成型设备及技术。热流道模具开始推广，有 的厂采用率达20%上，一般采用内热式或者外热式热流道装置，少数单位采用 具有世界先进水平的高难度针阀式热流道装置，少数单位采用具有世界先进水平的高难度针阀式热流道模具。但在总体上热流道的采用率还达不到10%与国外的5080%f比，差距较大。 在制造技术方面，C

41、AD/CAM/CA技术的应用水平上 了一个新台阶，以生产家用电器的企业单位作为代表， 陆陆续续引进了相当多数 量的CAD/CAI系统，例如美国EDS公司引进的UGI、美国Parametric Tech no logy 公司引进的Pro/Emgineer、美国CV公司引进的CADS5英国Deltacam公司引进 的DOCT5日本HZS公司引进的CRAD、以色列公司引进的Cimatron、美国AC-Tech 公司引进的C-Mold以及澳大利亚Moldflow公司引进的MPA塑模分析软件等等。 这些系统和软件的引进，虽然花费了大量资金，但在我国模具行业中，实现了 CAD/CA啲集成，并能支持CAE技

42、术对成型过程，如充模和冷却等进行计算机模 拟，取得了一定的技术经济效益，促进并且推动了我国模具CAD/CA技术的开展。 近些年来，中国自主开发研制的塑料模 CAD/CAh系统有了很大程度的开展，主要 的有北航华正软件工程研究所开发的 CAXA系统、华中理工大学开发的注塑模 HSC5.0系统以及CAE软件等，这些软件具有适应国内模具的具体情况、能在微 机上应用且价格较低等特点，为进一步普及模具 CAD/CAM技术创造了良好的条 件。近些年来，中国国内已经较为广泛地采用一些新的塑料模具钢，如：P20、3Cr2Mo PMS SMI、SW等，对模具的质量和使用寿命有着直接并且重大的影 响，但是总体来说

43、使用量仍然比拟少。塑料模具标准模架、标准推杆和弹簧等越 来越广泛地得到应用，并且出现了一些国产的商品化的热流道系统元件。但目前我国模具标准化程度和商品化程度一般在 30%以下，和国外先进工业国家已到达 的70%-80%0比之下，仍然有很大的差距。表一，国内外塑料模具技术比拟表， 工程国外国内注塑模型腔精度 0.0050.01mm 0.020.05mm型腔外表粗糙度 Ra0.010.05卩m Ra0.20卩m 非淬火钢模具寿命1060万次，1030万次淬 火钢模具寿命，160300万次，50100万次，热流道模具使用率80%以上总 体缺乏10%准化程度7080%、于30%型塑料模生产周期一个月左右 24个 月在模具行业中的占有量3040% 2530%g有关方面预测，模具市场的总体 趋热仍然是平稳向上的，在未来的模具市场之中，塑料模具的开展速度将远远高 于其它种类的模具，在模具行业之中的比例将逐步提高。随着塑料工业的不断发展，对塑料模具提