初中英语语法复习大全ppt课件

1、语法 Grammar名词名词 n. 一概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或笼统概念称号的词，可以说名词是万物之称号。它们可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方称号 China, London 职业称谓 teacher, doctor 物品称号 pencil, dictionary 行为称号 study, invention 笼统概念 history, grammar 二名词的分类二名词的分类专有名词 &普通名词可数名词 &不可数名词1专有名词专有名词 主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的称号。主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的称号。如：如：Mary，America

2、ns, English，May, Saturday, Easter Gone with the Wind 2普通名词普通名词 除专有名词外，其它都属于普通名词。除专有名词外，其它都属于普通名词。如：如： boy，classroom，book, bag, aunt, family, juice, milk, age, childhood分类：专有名词分类：专有名词 or 普通名词普通名词？Saturday, tea, Zhanghua, rain, West Lake，enemy, computer, beauty, Mrs. Green weather, peace, ice-cream, R

3、ussians, Journey to the West 1.可数名词 countable noun可以分清个体，以数目来计算的，有复数方式。如：book, girl, ruler, room, apple, box, bus, watch, day, zoo2.不可数名词 uncountable noun不可以分清个体，不能以数目来计算，只需单数方式。如: water, milk, coffee, tea, rice, bread, work,study, love 分类：可数名词分类：可数名词 or 不可数名词不可数名词？boy, knife, peace, potato, wind, t

4、omato, hero, music, pleasure, map, radio, technology, desk, egg当然，也有特殊的哦！当然，也有特殊的哦！1.既可以当可数名词又可以当不可数名词：既可以当可数名词又可以当不可数名词： 可数可数 不可数不可数glass papertime orangeadvice tiniron 玻璃杯，眼镜玻璃杯，眼镜玻璃玻璃报纸，试卷报纸，试卷纸张纸张次数，时代次数，时代时间时间橙，橘子橙，橘子橙汁，橙色橙汁，橙色劝告劝告; 建议建议 通知，公函，音讯通知，公函，音讯锡锡 罐头罐头铁铁 熨斗熨斗 在中文是可数，英文却不可数：在中文是可数，英文却不可

5、数：如：如： money ，cloth ，bread ， hair ，meat， furniture， rice ，news 因此，平常因此，平常要多积累要多积累哦！哦！可数名词的复数方式可数名词的复数方式 1.规那么变化：规那么变化：普通情况普通情况 在词尾加在词尾加-s：deskdesks ；daydays； girlgirls 以以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词结尾的词 在词尾加在词尾加-es： bus buses； boxboxes； watchwatches以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词结尾的词 变变y为为I再加再加-es： familyfamilies factoryfact

6、ories partyparties 以以f或或fe 结尾的词结尾的词 变变f或或fe为为v再加再加-es: knifeknives; lifelives; wifewives; halfhalves Important !Lets practice!I. 写出以下名词的复数方式： house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 4. orange _ 5. bag _ 7. dish _ 8. family _ 9. boy _ 10. monkey _ 11. box _ 12. knife _ 13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. leaf_ 16. d

7、ictionary _ 17. watch _housesvillagesmapsorangesbagsdishesfamiliesboysmonkeysboxesknivesclassesfactoriesleavesdictionarieswatches2.不规那么变化：不规那么变化：1以以o结尾加结尾加-es： potatopotatoes tomatotomatoes heroheroes Negro Negroes2)字母字母a变变e: manmen, womanwomen, FrenchmanFrenchmen, policeman-policemen3)字母字母oo变变ee:to

8、othteeth, footfeet, goosegeese但：但：German Germans human humans4)单复数同形：单复数同形：sheepsheep, deerdeer, fishfishChinese-Chinese, Japanese Japanesecattle cattle5)其他：其他：childchildren, mousemice,medium media, basis bases不同国籍的人的复数方式：不同国籍的人的复数方式：1加-s:Australian Australians Russian RussiansItalian Italians Greek

9、 GreeksAmerican Americans Indian IndiansCanadian Canadians German Germans2)变a为e：Englishman EnglishmenFrenchman Frenchmen3单复数同形：Chinese Chinese Japanese JapaneseSwiss Swiss Exercises!1. match _ 2. man _ 3. German _ 4. tomato _5. policeman _ 6. kilo _ 7. human _ 8. potato _ 9. Chinese _ 10. shelf _11.

10、 Japanese _ 12. American_13. life _ 14. tooth _15. wife _ 16. foot _ 17. knife _ 18. sheep _19. half _ 20.key_matchesmenGermanstomatoespolicemenkiloshumanspotatoesChineseshelvesJapaneseAmericanslivesteethwivesfeetknivessheephalveskeys3.3.合成名词的复数方式：合成名词的复数方式： 有主体时，主体变为复数有主体时，主体变为复数 father-in-law fath

11、ers-in-law ( father-in-law fathers-in-law (岳父，公公岳父，公公无主体时，结尾加无主体时，结尾加“ s “ s grown-up grown-ups grown-up grown-ups 成年人成年人 go-between go-betweens go-between go-betweens 媒介者媒介者; ;中间人中间人 假设其中有假设其中有manman或者或者womanwoman，那么两个都要变复数，那么两个都要变复数 woman doctor women doctors woman doctor women doctors man doctor

12、men doctors man doctor men doctorsCan you try?把以下名词变复数方式：looker-on woman singer sister-in-law man cookpasser-by housewifebride-to-be woman doctorschoolroomlookers-onwomen singerssisters-in-lawmen cookspassers-byhousewivesbrides-to-bewomen doctorsschoolrooms名词 n.Period 2 1、orange_ 2、class_ 3、text _ 4

13、、monkey_ 5、piano_ 6、child_ 7、shelf _ 8、bed_ 9、country_ 10、family_ 11、toy _ 12、foot _ 13、Japanese_14、radio_ 15、photo_ 16. army_ 17.cattle_ 18.Australian_Brainstorm!orangesclassestextsmonkeyspianoschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamiliestoysfeetJapaneseradiosphotosarmiescattleAustraliansLets learn more!不可

14、数名词的量的表达：不可数名词的量的表达：可以加上一个表示数量的修饰词来表示它的数量可以加上一个表示数量的修饰词来表示它的数量,如如:a piece of, a cup of, a bag of, a glass of, a kilo of一张纸一张纸 a piece of paper三张纸三张纸 three pieces of paper 一包大米一包大米 a bag of rice十包大米十包大米 ten bags of rice*可数名词也可以这样表达量可数名词也可以这样表达量,但要用复数方式：但要用复数方式：a box of books five bags of applesten ki

15、los of oranges也就是短语里面可数名词要变复数的都变复数哦！常用量词总结常用量词总结a glass of 一玻璃杯 a cup of 一杯a bottle of 一瓶 a bag of 一包，一袋a box of 一盒；一箱 a piece of 一张(一片,块)a kilo of 一公斤；一千克a basket of 一篮 a pair of 一对，一双，一副a group of 一群，一队，一组Lets try!1、三杯水 2、五杯茶 3、一公斤米4、二十箱书5、三篮子蔬菜 6、八双鞋子7、十杯牛奶 8、五块肉 9、一副眼镜 three glasses of waterfive

16、 cups of teaa kilo of ricetwenty boxes of booksthree baskets of vegetableseight pairs of shoesten glasses of milkfive pieces of meata pair of glasses名词一切格：1) 普通情况加普通情况加 -s：childrens books 儿童图书儿童图书 todays paper 今天的报纸今天的报纸(2) 带词尾带词尾-s的复数名词只加的复数名词只加 ()：girls school 女子学校女子学校 the Smiths car 史密斯家的小汽车史密斯家的

17、小汽车3留意以下情况：留意以下情况：Toms and Jims rooms 汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆(各自各自)的房间的房间Tom and Jims room 汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆(共同共同)的房间的房间一一.用名词一切格填空：用名词一切格填空：1.They are going to their _ home.(grandparents)2.The _ shoes are behind the door.( boy)3.This shop sells _ clothes only. ( men)4.Those are my _ cars. ( friends)5.We are cleaning t

18、he _ stables. (horses)Exercisesgrandparentsboysmensfriendshorses6. Do you know where this _ handbag is ? ( lady)7. Many of my _ houses were robbed. ( neighbours)8.The _ uniforms are red. ( player)9.These are the _ toys. ( children)ladysneighboursplayerschildrens1. _ room is next to their parents. A.

19、 Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan2.June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 3. - Whose room is this? - Its _. A. Li Ming B. Li Mings C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 4.The woman over there is _ mother.A. Julia and Shelleys B. Julias

20、and ShelleysC. Julia and Shelley D. Julias and Shelley 二二.选择填空：选择填空：+ English is spoken by many people in the world. + 主语+ This is a pencil-box. 表语+ I like English, but I like Chinese better. 宾语+ Our English teacher is drinking water. 定语+ Mr. Black, our teacher, is from England. 同位语+ I am going to s

21、ee a film this evening. 状语+ Miss Wang is considered a good teacher. 补语+ 主语，表语，宾语，定语，同位语，状语，补语Exercises P331.主语2.表语3.状语4.同位语5.宾语Review：一.变复数： 1. Chinese _ 2. shelf _ 3. Russian _ 4. American_ 5. life _ 6. tooth _7. deer _ 8. piano_9.mouse_ 10.goose_11.hero_ 12.Swiss_ChineseshelvesRussiansAmericansliv

22、esteethdeerpianosmicegeeseheroesSwiss一玻璃杯一茶杯一瓶一包，一袋一盒；一箱一张(一片,块)一公斤；一千克一篮子一对，一双，一副一群，一队，一组a glass of二、常用量词总结二、常用量词总结a cup ofa bottle ofa bag ofa box ofa piece ofa kilo ofa basket ofa pair ofa group of1. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Teachers D. Teacher 2. This is _ ba

23、ll. Its not _ . A. the boys, girls B. the boys, the girls C. the boy, the girl D. boys, girls 3. This year, _ is on May 9th. A. my mothers brithday B. my mothers brithday C. my mothers brithday D. my motherss brithday4. These are _ books. Li Lin bought some at the Sun Bookstore and Jill bought some

24、at the Blue Sky Bookstore. A. Li Lins and Jill B. Li Lin and Jills C. Li Lins and Jill D. Li Lins and Jills 三、名词一切格三、名词一切格动词动词 v.语法语法 Grammar一、概述 动词是表示动作或形状的词。如： help，see，go，come, run, fly,look, seem, get, become,can,may动词的根本方式1.动词原形2.第三人称单数3.如今分词4.过去式和过去分词Important！第三人称单数第三人称单数:1在动词原形后加-s runruns 2

25、以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾的动词后加-es teachteacheswashwashesgogoes passpasses 3以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先将y变为i，再加-es trytries fly flies过去式与过去分词规那么变化过去式与过去分词规那么变化 1.在动词原形后加-ed; 词尾有e的加-d. work-workedlike-liked2.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先将y变为i再加-ed carry-carriedstudy-studied3以重读闭音节一个辅音字母结尾的动词，先双写再加-ed stop-stoppedrob-robbedExercises按要求写

26、出动词的方式:1.wash2.match3.stop4.make5.read6.play7.watch8.guess第三人称单数第三人称单数如今分词如今分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词原形原形washeswashing washedwashedmatchesmatching matched matchedstopsstoppingstoppedstoppedmakesmakingmademadereadsreadingreadreadplaysplayingplayedplayedwatches watching watched watchedguessesguessing guessedgu

27、essed 9.study10.finish11.go12.snow13.carry14.teach15.do16.say原形原形第三人称单数第三人称单数如今分词如今分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词studiesstudied studiedstudyingfinishes finishing finished finishedgoesgoingwentgonesnows snowing snowed snowedcarries carrying carriedcarriedteaches teachingtaughttaughtdoesdoingdiddonesayssayingsaidsa

28、id动词Period 2&3Lets review what we learned yesterday! 1.destroy2.catch3.dance4.worry5.get6.wash7.sing8e原形原形第三人称单数第三人称单数如今分词如今分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词 destroysdestroyeddestroyingcatchescatchingcaughtcaughtdancesdancingdanceddancedworrysworryingworriedworriedgetsgettinggotgotwashes washing washedwashedsing

29、ssingingsangsungcomescoming camecomedestroyed动词的时态动词的时态普通如今时普通如今时普经过去时普经过去时普通未来时普通未来时如今完成时如今完成时如今进展时如今进展时过去进展时过去未来时过去完成时1、普通如今时的标志词： every时间状语如every day,on Sundays, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，没标志等。如：She does her homework every day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、普经过去时

30、的标志词： yesterday; “in + 过去年、月份，last短语；ago短语；just now, once(从前)。如：I went to see a film yesterday. She worked in that factory last year.用适当的动词方式填空：用适当的动词方式填空：Exercises 1. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be)2. People usually _ (eat) dinner in the evening . 3. His sister always_(go) to school

31、 at 7:00 a.m . 4.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 5.Jenny and Danny sometimes_(play) games in the afternoon . 6.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.waseatgoescameplaydidnt go7.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.8. She _(not visit) her aunt two days ago. 9. There _ (be) n

32、o one here a moment ago. 10. Lin Tao _ (like) his new sweater .11. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡家乡) in 1940.12. Where _you_(have)lunch every day? didnt dodidnt visitwaslikeswerent dohave3、 普通未来时的标志词：tomorrow(morning); next 时间状语；soon; “in+一段时间；“in + 未来年、月份；before longMary will go

33、shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 如今进展时的标志词：now; these days; look(at); listen(to)等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing her homework now.Exercises !1.He _(come)back in a week.2.She_(be)a conductor of a train soon.3.Listen! She_(sing )in the classroom.4.

34、Li Ming _(be)ten years old next year.5.Look!The boy over there_(play) a model plane.6.China _(become)a modern and strong country before long.will comewill beis singingwill beis playingwill become7.We often_(buy)books and things like that in the shop. 8.I _leavein a minute. I _finishall my work befor

35、e I _ leave.9.-What are you doing? -I_(do) my homework.10. The day after tomorrow they _(watch) a volleyball match.11.They _(hold) a birthday party this Sunday.12._you _(work) hard from now on?buywill leavewill finishleaveam doingwill watchwill holdWill work5、如今完成时的标志词：already; yet; just; ever; neve

36、r; “for +一段时间，“since短语或从句等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. Exercises !I already (see) the film. I_ (see) it last week.2. he (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. you (be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I _ (be) there twice.4.My father just (come) back from work. He is tired no

37、w.5. Wheres Li Ming? He (go) to the teachers office.haveseenHasfinishedHavebeenhave beenhascomehas gonesaw6. I (work) here since I (move) here in 2019.7. So far I (make) quite a few friends here.8. How long the Wangs (stay) here ? For two weeks.have workedmovedhave madehavestayedRemember?What have w

38、e learned?Lets review again!1、普通如今时的标志词： every时间状语如every day,on Sunday, at the weekend, often, always, sometimes, usually，没标志等。如：She does her homework every day. My father usually goes to work by bus.2、普经过去时的标志词： yesterday; “in + 过去年、月份，last短语；ago短语；just now, once(从前)。如：I went to see a film yesterda

39、y. She worked in that factory last year.3、 普通未来时的标志词：tomorrow(morning); next 时间状语；soon; “in+一段时间；“in + 未来年、月份；before longMary will go shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、 如今进展时的标志词：now; these days; look(at); listen(to)等Look! The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing

40、her homework now.5、如今完成时的标志词：already; yet; just; ever; never; “for +一段时间，“since短语或从句等I have already spent all of my money. We have seen that film before. Come on! Try again!Exercises 用动词的适当方式填空：用动词的适当方式填空：1. Tom _ (not listen) to the radio every morning. 2. I _ (come) to see you again before long. 3. _ your uncle _ (have) a meeting last Friday? 4. How many classes _ you _ (have) every day? 5. Its seven in the evening, Toms family _ (watch) TV. 6. Listen! Who _singin the next room? doesnt listenwill comeDidhavedohaveare watchingis singing7.