初中英语宾语从句全配练习ppt课件

1、宾语从句宾语从句 什么叫宾语？什么叫宾语？ 宾语就是位于及物动词或介词之后的名词性构造，包括名词，代词等等。宾语就是位于及物动词或介词之后的名词性构造，包括名词，代词等等。1I like apples. 2 ) They are talking about me. 判别一个词是不是宾语，首先要看它是不是跟在及物动词或介词后面；其次要看它是不是名词或代判别一个词是不是宾语，首先要看它是不是跟在及物动词或介词后面；其次要看它是不是名词或代词。词。一、宾语从句一、宾语从句宾语从句就是将本来位于及物动词或介词后面的名词或代词换成一个简单句。 I like apples. I like (that yo

2、u get my gift ) .括号内的那一个简单句就叫做宾语从句，而且它是“主谓宾构造，它是整个句子充任及物动词like的宾语。简单句：They are talking about me. 宾语从句： They are talking about who newly come to our class. 括号内的那一个简单句就叫做宾语从句，而且它是“主谓构造，它是整个句子充任及介词 about的宾语。二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序一衔接词一衔接词1.that2.whether/if3.衔接代词who whom whose what which4.

3、衔接副词when why where how。当由陈说句充任宾语从句时，用当由陈说句充任宾语从句时，用that引导引导that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。构造式为：主语+及物动词+that+从句，例如：合并句子： He could finish his work before supper. He said. He said that he could finish his work before supper当由普通疑问句充任宾语从句时当由普通疑问句充任宾语从句时用if或whether引导，意为“能否,构造式为：主语+及物动词+if/whether +从句合并句子：Does he s

4、till lives here after so many years? I dont know.I dont know if whether he still lives here after so many years只能用只能用whether的情况的情况1、具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether。合并句子：1) Will he come or not? Let me know. Let me know whether he will come or not2、介词之后用、介词之后用whether合并句子：1Does he like E

5、nglish? I am interested. Im interested in whether he likes English2) Can we finish the work on time? We are thinking. Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time不定式前用不定式前用whetherI dont know whether to goHe hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by trainwhether置于句首时，不能换用置于句首时，不能换用ifWhet

6、her this is true or not，I cant sayIf 与与whether 的区别的区别I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether假设宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句

7、，假设宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导 Please tell him. Which class are you in . 宾语从句： Please tell him which class you are in . What does she like most? Do you know? 宾语从句：Do you know what she likes most? He asked me. Whom was I waiting for?宾语从句：he asked me whom I was waiting for. Whose advice sh

8、ould I take? I cant decide.宾语从句：I cant decide whose advice I should take.由衔接代词由衔接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及衔接及衔接副词副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题谁能回答

9、这个问题2. Do you know_. 他们在等谁他们在等谁3. Please tell me _. 我们什么时候开我们什么时候开会会4. Can you tell me _. 他在哪儿他在哪儿5. Could you tell me _. 我该怎样去车我该怎样去车站站6. Would you tell me _为什么火车迟到了为什么火车迟到了 whom they are waiting for二语序二语序宾语从句复合句的无论主句或从句都可以是陈说句，也可以是疑问句。但无论主句是陈说句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必需运用陈说句语序，即“主句连词宾语从句主语谓语句式。陈说句语序就是“主语在前，动词在

10、后(史称:主前动后)。陈说句语序的常见正确表达式为:a 主语+动词b 主语+助动词(has/have)或情态动词+实义动词Can you tell me where you were born? (you是主语，were是动词，主前动后，满足表达式a,)Can you tell me where were you born? 判别从句能否是陈说句语序的小技巧：判别从句能否是陈说句语序的小技巧：把从句单独拿出来，假设构成符合语法规范的疑问句，如普通疑问句或特殊疑问句，那这个语序必定不是陈说句语序。 1、She told me that would she like to go with us.从

11、句 would she like to go with us, 加上一个问号，就是完好的特殊疑问句，那它就是疑问句语序，而不是陈说句语序。正确说法应为：She told me that she would like to go with us.2、Miss Green didnt tell us where did she live in 2019. 从句where did she live in 2019,加一个句号，就是完好的特殊疑问句，那它就是疑问句语序，不是陈说句语序。正确的说法应为：Mr Green didnt tell us where she lived in 2019.三三 时

12、态时态(时态一致性时态一致性1. 假设主句的时态是普通如今时，宾语从假设主句的时态是普通如今时，宾语从 句句的时态根据详细情况来确定，可以是的时态根据详细情况来确定，可以是_时态。时态。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任任 何何 2. 假设主句的时态是普经过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的假设主句的时态是普经过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态普经过去时，时态普经过去时， 过去进展时，过去进展时， 过

13、去未来时，过去未来时，过去完成时。例如：过去完成时。例如： He told me that he was born in in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 过去过去 3. 假设宾语从句所陈说的是客观真理，即使主句用了假设宾语从句所陈说的是客观真理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用过去时，从句仍用 _ 时态。例如：时态。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.普通如今普通如今三 、宾语从句与简单句的转换1、当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一样，且主句的

14、谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等时，从句可简化为不定式构造。 I hope that I can receive your . I hopeto receive your .2、当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一样，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式构造。 eg: She doesnt know what she should do next. She doesnt know_.3、当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+

15、不定式构造。 eg: Will you please show me how I can work it out? Will you please show me _.4、当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，用ask/tell/orderSb. (not) to do sth 构造。 eg: Please be quiet. What did Bill say? He asked us to be quiet.what to do nexthow to work it out简化宾语从句常用方法简化宾语从句常用方法方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose，

16、agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式构造。Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式构造。She has forgotten how she can open

17、the window. She has forgotten how to open the window.方法三: 当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式构造。Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you tell me how to get to the station？除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I fou

18、nd it difficult to learn English well.四、否认转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think， believe, guess, suppose等时，要将从句的否认词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否认式，宾语从句的谓语动词用一定式。 eg: I dont think he will come with you. 留意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at sc

19、hool , _? 解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾 语从句的主语充任。 例7，假设主句的主语非第一人称时，那么附加问句的主语 由主句的主语充任。has hedidnt heDo you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will doCB稳定练习：稳定练

20、习：I从以下从以下A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。中选择一个正确选项填空。4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was LilyC3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives

21、 here C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled ACl7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?l A. if B. weather C. what D. whichlA8

22、. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave B. when would they leave C. when they will leave D. when did they leave CII.改错：改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun alw

23、ays rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear he _ (return) it already. He s

24、aid that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had be

25、en travels are talking were were doing10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _

26、in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid将以下句子合并为一句将以下句子合并为一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting?2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you te

27、ll me? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. 4. “ I am doing my homework. I am doing my homework. He said. He said. 5. 5. “I will come back.I will come back. Tom said. Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way.Co