非谓语动词表格形式

1、非谓语动词一.动词不定式1.动词不定式的构成：to +动词原形(这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义)否定：not+ (to +)动词原形2.动词不定式的句法功能功能例句说明主语To speak En glish is not easy for us. = It is not easy for us to speak En glish.作主语用的不定式，常常用 it作形式主 语，而把不定式放在后面，其结构为:lt+be+adj.+(for/of sb.)+ 动词不定式表语My work is to clean the room every day. = To clea n the room ev

2、ery day is my work.多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换为 作主语宾语What sports does he like to play He likes to play basketball.只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词 的宾语宾补My mother made me play the pia no all the time.在 make, let, see, hear, watch 等使役动词 后，不定式省略to定语Have you got anything to say不定式做定语，要放在所修饰词的后面状语I m sorry to trouble you.不定式作状语，其

3、逻辑主语要和句子的 主语一致do作主语常用it作形式主语例:To learn English well is useful. It is useful (for us) to learn English well.注意：在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of.2. 些表示命令，打算或希望的动词后只接动词不定式作宾语：would like, like (想要)，want, wish, hope, decide, plan, except 等。例: Would you like too see a film this evening3. 在f

4、ind, think后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。例: I find it easy to read English every day.4. 常见的一些不带to的动词不定式作宾语Why not do , why don ' t you do , had better (not) do ,would rater do ,could/ would/will you please (not) do 例:I would rather stay in the room.5. 些使役动词和感官动词用不定式作宾语，但to要省略。感 (fell) > 二听(he

5、ar, listen to)、三让 (let/ make/ let )、四看(look at, see, watch, notice )、 五帮助(help),但变为被动语态是必须加上to.例: My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.6. 不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。二.动名词1. 动名词的构成：动词原形+-i ng2. 动名词的句法功能功能例句说明主语Eati ng too much is bad for your health.谓语动词用单数形式宾 语

6、动词 宾语I like play ing basketball very much.表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常 性动作介词 宾语Stamps are used for sending letters.表语His hobby is collect ingstamps=Collect ing stamps is his hobby.多数情况下，动名词作表语可装换成 做主语定语She is in the readi ng room.只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关 系等。至置于所修饰词之前常跟动名词作宾语的词：完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy

7、 ）继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up) 考虑建议不禁想( con sider, suggest, can 'help, feel like) 喜欢思念要介意( enjoy, miss, mind)三. 分词1.构成：动词+ -i ng动词+ -ed2.分词的句法功能功能例句说明定语Do you know the girl sta nding un der the treePlease hand in your written exercise.现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语 就是它所修饰的词；过去分词 作定语，其逻辑宾语就是它所 修饰的词。状语The

8、 students went out of the classroom, talking and laugh ing.Seen from the hill, out school looks more beautiful.分词的逻辑主语是句子的主 语表语The situati on is en courag ing.The boy is too frighte ned to move.现在分词表示主语的性质、特 征；过去分词表示某种状态（也就是我们常说的人用-ed,物用-ing.）补足 语Don 'keep us wait ing for a long time. I heard hi

9、m singing in the classroom.He'll have his hair cut after school.现在分词作补足语，被补足的 宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）；过去分词作 补足语，被补足的宾语或主语 是它的逻辑宾语（即被动关 系）四易混清单1.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别-stop to do sth. 停下来去做stop doing sth. 停止做remember to do sth.记住要做某事（动作未发生） remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事（动作已发生） forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作未发生） For

10、get doing sth.忘记做过某事（动作已发生） try to do sth.努力去做某事Try doi ng sth. 试着去做某事go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另一件事go on doi ng sth. 继续不停地做某事allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）一 Regret doing sth.对做过的事感到遗憾，后悔（已做）-mean to do sth.打算，想做某事一 mean doing sth.意味着做某事二. 现在分词和动词不定式作

11、宾语补足语的区别我们常见的动词有 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, have等，它们接不带 to的动词不定式作 宾补，表示已经完成了的经常性的动作；接现在分词做宾补，表示动作正在进行着。例： I heard him singing in the classroom.（"唱”这个动作正在进行 ）I heard him sing in the classroom.（"唱”这个动作已经结束 ）三. Need, require, want做"需要”解时，后加动名词主动式等于加不定式的被动式。例:The window needs cleanin

12、g .The window needs to be cleanedwant to be don e=wa nt doing n eed to be done=n eed doingrequire to be don e=require doing四. 现在分词与过去分词的区别1. 在语态上，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动（修饰人用-ed,修饰物用-ing ）。例：the surprising news令人惊讶的消息a surprised man 个感至U惊讶的人2. 在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已近完成的动作。例：the developi ng cou ntry发展中

13、国家the developed country 发达国家五. 注意下列"to” 是介词，不是动词不定式。make （a） contribution（s） to 为作贡献devote to献身，致力于look forward to 期盼，盼望preferto两者间更喜欢 be used to 习惯.;适应1. Granny ofte n tells uswater in our daily life.A. saveB. savi ngC. to saveD. saves2. Richard turned off the computer after he had fini shedth

14、e email.A. writeB. to writeC. writi ngD. wrote3. Before going to the History Museum, our teacher told usthe public rules.A. obeyB. to obeyC. obey ingD. obeyed4. James, I m too tired. Let ' stopa rest.A. havi ngB. haveC. to havi ngD. to have5. We can use QQ to chat with other on the In ternet. Re

15、ally Will you please show meitA. how to useB. what to useC. how can I useD. what can I use6. Where ' your brother now, Bob I saw himin the street a mome nt ago and I told himA. playing; don 'tdo soB. playing; not do soC. play; to do so7. Hi, Steve! Our teachers told usan electric bike. It &#

16、39;too dangerous. I rm sorry. I won 'tdo it again.A. to rideB. not rideC. not to ride8. As teenagers, we 're old enough with housework. We can help set the table, wash thedishes and clean our own rooms.A. to help B. helping9. Mary dances best in our school. I agree. I 'll never forget he

17、r dance for the first time.A. seeing B. to see10. Chinese athletes did a great job in the post-90s（90 后 ）.A. work hard11. Don 't forget an umbrella you. ItA. to take; to B. taking; to12. Nancy is really a hard -vorking student. We often see her A. readB. worked harderan umbrella13. Are you going

18、 to the party I will if I am free.C. seeC. helpedD. seenWinter Olympics inC. working harder 's going to rain.C. to take; withCanada. It can encourageD. to work hardD. taking; with books in the classroom.B. to readC. reads at Smith 's home this eveningA. holdingB. heldC. to holdD. to be held1

19、4. Mrs. Smith made her students the compositions three times a week.A. writeB. to writeC. writtenD. writing15. Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby .A. to stop cryingB. stop cryingC. to stop to cryD. stop to cry16. We have two rooms , but I can 'tdecide .A. to live; to choose which one

20、B. lived; choose which oneC. to lived in; which one to choseD. live; which one17. The teacher told the students any food into the computer room.A. not to bringB. not bringC. don'tbringD. bring not18. At least 300 million people are using QQ by Ma Huateng to chat on line.A. creatB. createsC. crea

21、tingD.created19. The teacher asked Ben a difficult question in class.A. answerB. answeringC. to answerD.answered20. You'd better _ too much time playing computer games.A. don 'tspendB. not to spendC. to not spendD. not spend21. More and more young people are trying to do something the old.A.

22、 servedB. to serveC. serveD.serves22. Is Jack in the library Maybe. I saw him out with some books just now.D. wentD. playing; mayA. goingB. goC. to go23 Dad, why should I stop computer games For your health, my boy, I 'm afraid you.A. to play; mustB. playing; have to C. to play; can24. Have you

23、seen the TV play My Ugly Mother Yes, it's well worth . It 's moving that I 've seen it twice.A. seeing; tooB. to see; enoughC. seeing; soD. to see; such25. Why not your teacher for help when you can 'tfinish it by yourselfA. ask; writeB. to ask; writingC. ask; writingD. asking; writi

24、ng26. If people cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere.A. keep; to live inB. will keep; to live inC. keep; to liveD. will keep; to live27. His parents often encourage him hard.A. workB. workingC. to workD. works28. Last week I met my old friend Li Ming but I forgot him for his telephone num

25、ber.A. askB. askingC. and askD. to ask29. Last weekend I went to the library some books on how to protect environment.A. to borrow B. borrow C. borrowed30. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up It makes me very proud.A. feltB. to feelC. feeling31. The boy promised late for school ag

26、ain.A. to not beB. not to beC. not being32. It 's very nice pictures for me.A. of you do drawB. for you to drawC. for you drawingD. borrowingD. feelD. being notD. of you drawingold ones in the west33. China will spend about 52 billion yuan new airports and of China in the 11th Five -Year Plan period.（时期）A. repairing; building B. to build; repairC. building; r