动词分类和一般现在时态讲义

1、精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号_ 学员编号： 年 级： 初二 课时数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师：袁静学科组长/带头人签名及日期学员家长签名及日期课 题语法专项：动词分类和一般现在时态授课时间：备课时间： 教学目标掌握动词的类别和一般现在时态的用法重点、难点一般现在时态表达的意义和各种句式，动词的三单变化规则考点及考试要求一般现在时态的用法教学内容一 动词分类按词义和句中的作用，动词可以分为四类：类别特点意义举例实义动词(vt. vi.)及物动词跟宾语须跟宾语一起才能表达完整的意思I have a book.不及物动词不能直接接宾语能独立作谓语She always comes

2、late.系动词(link-v)跟表语不能独立做谓语，跟表语构成完整意思I am a student.助动词(aux. v.)跟动词原形或分词（无词汇意义）不能独立做谓语，跟主要动词构成谓语，表示疑问，否定及各种时态He doesnt speak Chinese.I am watching TV.情态动词(mod. v.)跟动词原形（有自己的词汇意思）不能独立做谓语。表示说话人语气、情态，无人称和数的变化We can do it by ourselves.That would be better.二、短语动词由一些动词和其它词构成短语，表达一个完整的意思。其构成方式如下构成方式举 例动词+副词

3、Look at, look after动词+介词Give up, put into动词+副词+介词Catch up with, look down upon动词+名词+介词Take care of, pay attention toBe+形容词+介词Be proud of, be afraid of复杂结构Make up ones mind三、按动词的形式可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词1、谓语动词 形 式意 义举 例人称与主语在人称一致I am reading now. 第一人称数与主语在数上一致He writes well. 第三人称单数时态表示动作发生的时间He writes well. 第

4、三人称单数语态主语是动作的发生者或者承受者We study English.主动The road was filled with rubbish. 被动语气说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等He has flown to America. 事实I wish I could fly to the moon some day. 愿望2、非谓语动词形式意义用途举例不定式起形容词和名词作用可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语It takes me 20 minutes to go to school动名词起名词作用作主语和宾语She likes reading.分词现在分词起形容词、副词作用，表主动作表语、定语

5、、状语、宾语补足语The cup is broken过去分词起形容词、副词作用，表被动The steam is seen rising from the wet clothes.四一般现在时 1.用法（1）表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态。常与always，usually，often，sometimes，every day，once a week，yearly每年，monthly每月， 等时间状语或频率副词连用。eg.We often write to each other. 我们时常相互通信。 （2）表示主语现在

6、的性格、特征、能力eg.He works hard.他努力工作（3）描述事物的性质或特征 e.g.Coffee tastes a little better.（3）表示客观事实或普遍用法eg.The sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than sound（4）用于状语从句代替一般将来时。常与连词：when , as soon as , before , after , until , if 如果，等引导的时间状语或条件状语从句eg.You will succeed if you try .I will tell him about it as s

7、oon as I see him next Monday.2.一般现在时态考点（1）标志：often、always、sometimes、usually、every(day、week)（2）谓语动词：原形或谓语动词+s/es （主语三单）（3）助动词：do、does加s/es规则：一般加s，如：plays；以s、x、sh、ch结尾的+es；辅音字母+o+es；如：do- does；teach- teaches；push- pushes；辅+y 将y变i+es；如：families,lives.leaves.例句：1. Marry is often at home at weekends and_

8、 time to her garden. A. gives B. gave C. had given D. has given2. -Whats wrong with the orange?-Its_ terrible. A. is tasting B. is tasted C. tastes D. tasted3.一般现在时态的各种句式（1）be 动词的一般现在时的句式： 肯定句：主语+be+表语(n., adj.等) e.g. He is a worker. You are thirteen. They are in the classroom. 否定句：主语+be+ not+表语 e.g

9、. He is not a worker. You arent thirteen. They arent in the classroom. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语? e.g. Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt. Are you thirteen? Are they in the classroom? Yes, they are. No, they arent. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语? e.g. What is he? What colour is that bird? How old are you? Where are they

10、 ?（2）实义动词的一般现在时句式： 肯定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+实义动词+其他 e.g. I stay at home on Saturdays. They have sports every day. 主语（He/She/It）+实义动词三单现形式+其他 e.g. He stays at home on Saturdays. Lucy has sports every day. 否定句：主语（I/We/You/They）+do+ not+动词原形+其他 e.g. I dont stay at home on Saturdays. They dont have sports

11、every day. 主语（He/She/It）+does +not+动词原形+其他 e.g. He doesnt stay at home on Saturdays. Lucy doesnt have sports every day.一般疑问句：Do+主语（I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？ e.g. Do you stay at home on Saturdays? Do they have sports every day? Does+主语（he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？ e.g. Does he stay at home on Saturdays?特殊疑问句：疑问

12、词+ do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？e.g. What do you want? What does she want? What time do you have lunch? What time does she have lunch? What do you do? What does she do? How do you spell it? How does he spell it? How do you like Chinese food? How does he like Chinese food? How many tomatoes do you want? How ma

13、ny tomatoes does he want? How do you go to work? How does your father go to work? Does Lucy have sports every day?检测练习一用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.There _ some milk in the bottle. (be)2.Would you like something _?(drink)3._she _a book? Yes, she is. (read)4._it like that. (not do)5.He_his homework at school. (not

14、 do)6.Fang Ming _(not like )rice at all.7.Do you like _(ride) a bike?8.We_(go)to school at 7:30 in the morning .9.Listen!Lucy _(sing )now.10.Let me _(help) you.11.Where is Lily? She _(read) under the tree.12._Sam and Jim _(make) a kite or a picture?13.Dont_(worry)! Let me help you .14.Can you _(swim

15、)? Yes ,I can .15.Bill speaks Japanese. He _(not speak) Chinese.二 对划线部分提问 1.My computer is broken. 2.Im doing my homework. 3.Its Wednesday today. 4.His favourite sport is basketball. 5.My brother works in Shenzhen. 6.One of my classmates comes from Australia. 7.Lucy usually gets up at 6:30 in the mo

16、rning.三汉译英1.有一个男孩在湖中游泳。_ _ a boy _in the lake.2.在这家超市里，我们可以买到学习用品，像钢笔、彩色铅笔、橡皮、直尺、练习本等等。In this supermarket we can buy _ _ _ pens,_ _,erasers,rulers,_and _ _.3.他乘妻子的小汽车去上班，而坐公共汽车回家。He _ to work _ his wifes car_ comes back _ _. 4.牛奶对儿童有益。Milk _ _ _ children.5.现在来看看布朗太太想买的物品清单吧。Now look at the _ _ thin

17、gs Mrs Brown _ _.6.金先生开车上班要花多长时间？_ _ _ it _Mr King _ go to work _ _.7.他骑车上学要用半小时。_ _ him _ _ _ _ get to school _ _.8.他为什么经常上学迟到？_ _ he often _ _ school?9.请快点起床，不然你就迟到了。Please get up quickly,_ youll _ _.10我经常看电视，但有时我爱读点书。I often watch TV, but _ I like to _ _ _. 参考答案一1is 2.to drink 3.Is reading 4.Dont

18、 do 5.doesnt do6.doesnt like 7.riding 8.go 9.is singing 10.help11.is reading 12.Are making 13.worry 14.swim 15.doesnt speak二1.Whats wrong with your computer?2.What are you doing?3.What day is it today?4.Whats his favourite sport?5.Where does your brother work?6.Where Does one of your classmates come

19、 from?7.When does Lucy get up in the morning?三1.There is ; swimming 2.school things like; colour pencils; exercise books ; so on 3.goes; in ; but ; by bus4.is good for5.list of; wants to buy6.How long does; take; to; by car7.It takes; half an hour to; by bike8.Why is; late for9.or; be late10.sometim

20、es; do some reading课后练习一写出下列句子中画线动词的种类 1.I am studying in No.1 Middle School._ 2.This little child can speak English well._ 3.Will you please go to the cinema with me?_ 4.He did his homework by himself yesterday._ 5.I have been learning English for many years._ 6.Spring is here. The trees turn green

21、._ 7.May I go to the cinema with you,Dad?_ 8.I usually get up at six on weekdays._ 9.Who broke the window,boys? -I did,Miss Gao._ 10.The days get longer in summer and the nights get shorter._二单项选择 （ ）1.Light_ faster than sound. A.travel B.travels C.is going to travel D. will travel ( )2.Physics_ mor

22、e interesting than maths,I think. A. are B. is C. was D. were ( )3._ a book and two pens on the table. A. There are B. There is C. Have D. Has ( )4.How many months _ there in a year? A. is B. are C.will be D. were ( )5.A large number of students in this school_ from the country. They work very hard.

23、 A. come B. comes C.came D.coming ( )6.Winter is coming. The day_ shorter and shorter. A. get B. gets C. got D. get to ( )7.Man _ without water. A.dies B. is going to die C. wont die D. will die ( )8.When will you come to see me,Dad? -I will go to see you when you_ the training course. A.finished B.

24、 finish C. are finishing D. will finish ( )9.My father _very busy. He often_ home very late. A. is;come B.will be; comes C.is; comes D. is; is coming ( )10.Do you like this kind of silk? -Yes, it _ very nice. A. is felt B. felt C. feels D. is feeling三根据所给动词填适当的形式。 1.We often_(play) in the playgound.

25、2.He _(get) up at six oclock.3._you _(brush) your teeth every morning.4.What        (do) he usually       (do) after school?5.Danny          (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at

26、school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10.What time_his mother_(do) the housework?四根据内容提示完成句子。1.  My dog runs fast. （改为否定句、一般疑问句） 2.  Mike has two letters for him. （改为否定句、一般疑问句） 3.  I usually play football on Friday afternoon.（改为否定句、一般疑问句并对划线部分提问）4.  Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.（同上）5.  Mingming usually waters the flowers every day