Tenses动词时态的构成及用法表

1、All Tenses时态(共16种): 一般时: 现在 The Present Indefinite/. 过去 The Simple Past Tense. 将来 The Simple Future Tense 过去将来现在 进行时 The Present Continuous Tense 过去 Past Continuous Tense 将来 The Future Continuous Tense 过去将来现在 完成时 The Present Perfect Tense过去 The Past Perfect Tense将来 The Future Perfect Tense 过去将来 过去 完

2、成进行时现在将来 过去将来过 去 >> 现 在 >> 将 来 >> 过去将来 >>动词时态的构成 (主动形式) 现在 过去 将来 过去将来一般时I sitI satI shall sitI should sit进行时I am sittingI was sittingI shall be sittingI should be sitting.完成时I have satI had satI shall have satI should have sat完成进行时I have been sittingI had been sittingI shall

3、have been sittingI should have been sitting时态的构成例句( 分别以I, He为主语和sit, do为谓语动词为例)现 在 过 去 将 来过 去 将 来一般I sitHe does. I sat He didI shall sitHe will doI should sit He would do完成I have satHe has doneI had satHe had doneI shall have satHe will have doneI should have satHe would have done进行I am sittingHe is

4、 doingI was sittingHe was doingI shall be sittingHe will be doingI Should be sittingHe would be doing完成进行I have been sitting He has been doingI Had been sittingHe had been doingI shall have been sitting He will have been doingI should have been sittingHe would have been doing表中灰色的四种时态较不常用。动词时态的被动形式(

5、Passive Voice)的构成： （共10种时态有被动形式） 现在 过去 将来 过去将来一般时am (is; are )givenwas/were given shall/will be givenshould/would be given进行时am( are; is ) being givenWas/were being given / /完成时Have(has) been givenHad been givenShall/will have been givenWould have been given常用动词时态的用法及常连用的时间词：时态构成常连用的时间状语用法及例句一般现在时 d

6、o /does(动词原形, 第三人称单数词尾加-s)every , sometimes,at , on Sundayalways, often, usually,1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 3.表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun. 4.表示格言或警句。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。2.表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak

7、well. 5.表示安排或好计划要发生的行为，常见于go,come,arrive,leave,start, begin, stay等转移动词：The plane leaves at one p.m. and arrives in GZ at 4 p.m. 6. 用于未发生的时间或条件状从句中：Well go out if it is fine tomorrow. / Tell me about it before you go.一般过去时did (动词的过去时(-ed或不规则变化yesterday,last week,a day ago,the other day,in 1982, just

8、now,this month,then, at that time,whenas(当)1. 表示在过去的某个较确定的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态Where did you go just now? Did you watch TV today ?2. 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I hated playing football in the street. 一般将来时Shall/Will do (动词原形)next , tomorrow, in+时间(a few days)Soon, I shall be 20 next month.W

9、ill you be at home at seven this evening?其它表达：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。be about tobe doing常于go, come, arrive, leave, start, begin, stay等转移动词I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.(客观安排)I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)过去将来时woulddo (动词原形)Would(动词原形)Should

10、(动词原形)过去一段时间后将发生的动作。用于主句为过去时的宾语从句。They never thought that I should be a lawyer.He said he would try again.Did you ask when he would come back?现在进行时be ( am/are/is) doing (动词的现在分词形式)now, at the moment,while1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you now. 3. 表示目前一段时间的状态或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Gree

11、n is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)3. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, begin等。The leaves are turning red.4. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.She is always finding fault with my work过去进行时be( was/were)doing (动词的现在分词形式)

12、this morning, the whole morning,all day, yesterday, when, while1.表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。The students were reading aloud when the teacher came in.2.过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景。It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.将来进行时Shall/will be doing (动词的现在分词形式

13、)this timeat表示将来某个时间 或一段时间内正在进行的动作。Ill be writing article this time tomorrow.Theyll be meeting us at the airport tomorrow evening.The farmers will be getting in the wheat in two weeks.过去将来进行时Would be doing(动词的现在分词形式)the next daysome day表示在过去的将来某个时间 或一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与表示过去将来的时间状语连用。He promised that he w

14、ould be taking the matter into consideration.She told us that Mom would be returning the next morning.现在完成时have/has done(动词的过去分词形式)for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now,in past years, always, recently现在完成时用来表示之前已发生且其结果和现在有联系；或到现在刚完成的动作或状态，也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。用于现在完成时的句型 1. It

15、is the first / second time. that结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.2. This is the（最高级）that结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。This is the first time (that) I've heard him si

16、ng.这是我第一次听他唱歌。过去完成时had done(动词的过去分词形式)before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 表示动作发生在过去，并在过去完成（即是常说的“过去的过去”）。1.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。She said (that) she had never been to Paris.2.在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，动作发生在先，用过去完成时；动作发生在后，用一般过去时。When the police arrived, the thieves had run aw

17、ay.5. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本，未能"We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.4.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, once, as soon as。He said that he had learned some English before.By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a

18、living by himself.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.将来完成时shall/Will have done (动词的过去分词形式)by the end of,before.表示到将来某个时间为止势必会完成或预计要完成的动作, I shall have finished this one before lunch. Theyll have hit the years target by the end of October.现在完成进行时态have/has been doing(动词的现在分词形式) this week, this month,all night, all the morning, recently表示动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚结束。这个时态多用于延续性动词：live, learn, lie, stay, sit,