形容词和副词的比较级和最高级全面解析

1、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下:(1) 规则变化表：情 况加 法例 词一 般 情 况直接加 -er ; -estall-taller-tallest以e结尾的词加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加 more ; mostmore deliciousmost delicious

2、(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：原 级比较级最高级good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest二形容词和副词比较级的基本用法级别比较程度表达方式和意义例 句备 注原级同等程度肯定形式As+原级+as(像一样)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can.否定形式not + so (as) +原级+as(不如那样)English i

3、s not so difficult as science.She does not study so well as I do. 比较级不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than(比)Jim is older than Luky.I like pork better than beef.比较级前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等词来修饰程度加深比较级+and+比较级（越来越）The + 比较级，the + 比较级（越, 越）He is growing taller and taller.He studies better and

4、 better.The more books she reads, the better she understand.最高级最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高级+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副词最高级前面的the 往往省略 注：如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如：This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的) This car run

5、s (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)三形容词副词比较级最高级的特殊用法（1）和冠词连用the 形容词原级v(复)，指一类人或物the 形容词比较级，指两者中“较的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the two a/ an 形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one. ( a) most形容词最高级“非常”eg. a most beautiful city（2）序数词与最高级连用，如： Flying is the fastest and the second

6、 cheapest way to travel. （3）比较级than any other n. （单） （适用于范围一致时） (all) other n.（复） any n.(单) （适用于范围不一致时） He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class. （4）倍数表达法。A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.A is three(four, etc.)times a

7、s big(high, long, etc.)as B.A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. 注：用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double. The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍） Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。 Your school is three times bigger

8、 than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。（5） “one of the +最高级+名词(复数)” 意为“最.的其中之一” 注：整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式.如： One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了（6） “Which / Who+动词+形/副,A,B or C?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如：Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? 林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？Which is the heavie

9、st,a pig,a horse or an elephant? 猪、马、象哪个最重？（7）上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如： -Do you like the smaller one?Neither.小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢 -Which do you like best? All of them!你最喜欢哪个？全部。(8 ) morethan结构，其意往往是rather than，可译为“是而不是”或

10、颠倒词序译作“与其说是，不如说是”。That little girl is more tired than hungry. 那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。 She is more a mother than a wife或She is more of a mother than a wife.她是贤妻，更是良母。三、易错点点拨：1. 比较级的形式误用。(1) Your room is more and more dirty. You had better clean it.解析本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词dirty是以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，它的比较级的叠加不能用more

11、 and more形容词，应该用dirtier and dirtier，所以把more and more dirty改为dirtier and dirtier。(2) Our school is becoming more beautiful and more beautiful.解析本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词beautiful是多音节的形容词, 所以它的比较级的叠加用more and more形容词的结构。所以去掉第一个beautiful。2. 比较级的修饰词用法混淆。My English is very better than yours.解析本句子是考查形容词比较级前的

12、修饰词的用法。形容词的比较级前面可以用many，much，far，a little，a bit，a lot等词修饰表示程度。但不能用very，所以把very改为much。3. 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法相混淆。I think the car is fastest of all the three.解析本句子是考查形容词的最高级的用法，形容词的最高级前面用定冠词the，副词的最高级前可以不用定冠词the。所以fastest前加the。4. 比较的对象不一致。The weather in Beijing is worse than Shanghai .解析本句子是考查形容词的比较级用法，两者相比的对象必须一致，北京的天气必须和上海的天气相比。所以把shanghai