《跨文化交际》试题附答案

1、跨文化交际试题（附答案）Paper1CommunicationAnalysisThefollowingarethreedifferentcasesofcross-culturalcommunication.Ineachofthecasesthereissomethingtobeimprovedupon.Writeananalysisonwhatistobedesiredformoresuccessfulcommunicationorculturalunderstanding.?Question1Case 1:ChenBing,aChinesetourguide,istalkingtoaCana

2、diantourist,LukeBaines,whohasnoknowledgeofChineseatall.Theyarehavingdinnerinarestaurant.Chen:ThisisBeijingduck,oneofChina'smostfamousdishes.You'llloveit!Luke:No,thanks.Idon'tlikeduck.Ipreferchicken.?Question2Case 2:FengLiandTomhavebeenworkingonascientificexperimentataBritishuniversityfor

3、somemonths.Ithasnotbeentotallysuccessful.Theyarediscussingthesituationinthelaboratory.FengLi:Idon'tknowwhereitwentwrong!Tom,Don'tfeelsobad.Cheerup,you'vedoneyourjob.FengLi:Butourexperimenthasturnedouttobeafailure.Tom:Relaxforacoupleofdays.I'llfacethemusic.FengLi:Tom,wearenotplayingch

4、ildren'sgameshere.Thisisascientificexperiment.Tom,I'venevertakentheexperimentaschild'splay,andI'mplayingthgame.FengLi:Yousayyou'replayingthegame!It'saratherimportantexperiment!FengLiwalksoutoftheLaboratoryangrily.Tomispuzzled.?Question3Case 3:Thisisamorecomplexsituationwheret

5、hereareseveralthingsthatrequiremoreinformedculturalanalysis.Findtheculturalproblemsandexplaintheculturaldifferences.JimandLiZhenwerestudentstogetheratLeedsUniversityinBritain.Ayearlater,aftergraduating,JimwenttoShanghaiasavisitingscholaronayear'sexchange.JimhadneverbeentoChinabefore.LiZhentookhi

6、mtoaclassicalpianoconcertperformedbyafamousChinesepianist.Duringtheperformancepeopleweretalkingandatonestagesomeoneranupontothestageandpresentedthepianistwithabunchofflowersduringtheplayingofaparticularmusicalitem.Thishappenedseveraltimesduringtheevening.Italsohappenedwhentwosingerswereonstagesingin

7、gsomesongsthathewasplaying.Jimthoughtallthesethingsquitestrange.Attheendoftheperformancetheaudienceapplaudedthepianistandheapplaudedthem.Theaudiencebegantoleavewhilethepianistremainedonthestage.?Paper2VocabularyChooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillthegapineachofthesentencesWritetheco

8、rrectwordsinthespacesprovidedinyouranswersheet.DonotchangetheformsoftheCommunitywhiteliesDutchcouragegreyareaskintermsvocationbelowthebeltbuyingaroundliveandletlivetroubleandstrifefootthebillrecreation4. Aftertwentyfiveyearsworkinginthebankshedecidedonadifferent.5. Finally,afterarguingaboutthemealfo

9、rfiveminutesitwasdecidedhewould.6. Despitethecircumstancesoftheaccidenttherewerestillsomethatneededexplanation.7. Therearemanydifferentusedwhentalkingaboutpeople'srelationshipsinChina.8. "Mike!MeetJane,the."9. "Ok,theargumentisover.Let'sforgetit,youknow."10. PeopleinEngli

10、shspeakingcountriesalsoavoidlosingfaceorhurtingotherpeoplebytelling.11. ItisdifficultforforeignerstounderstandBritishpubculture,especiallythesystemofwhichallmembersofthegroupareexpectedtojoinin.12. Itwasacrushingblowtoher,ahitwhenshereceivedthenewsthatherhusbandhadleftherforanotherwoman.13. InChinat

11、hereisarealsenseofinsocialsituations.?Paper3Translation?TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.Pleasewriteyourtranslationontheanswersheet.Whatdowemeanby"InterculturalCommunications"or"IC"Thisisnotadescriptionofthepopulartrendtowardtalkingaboutinternationalthingsorgoin

12、goverseas.ICisactuallyanacademicandapplieddisciplinethathasdevelopedinternationallysincethe1950s.Sometimescalled"cross-culturalcommunications"or"comparativeculture",scholarsmostoftenusetheprefix"inter"withtheword"cultural"todescribetheinteractionbetweenculture

13、s.Ononelevel,ICisrepresentedbyculturestudies,whereweexaminethepolitical,economicandlifestylesystemsofothercountries.Onanotherlevel,itisappliedlinguistics,whereweseektounderstandtherelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture.ManyChineseEnglishteachersandprofessorshavebeeninterestedinthisaspectsincethe1980s

14、-HowtoteachEnglishinwaysthathelpstudentsalsolearnthebasiccommunicationpracticesofBritain,theUSorotherEnglishspeakingcountries.?ButthedisciplineofInterculturalCommunicationsisactuallyabroadandwell-developedfieldofstudy.ICisaninterdisciplinaryapplicationoffieldslikeculturalanthropology,sociology,psych

15、ology(andsocialpsychology),communicationstudies,appliedlinguisticsandeducationalpedagogy.ICisacomprehensiveattempttounderstandallaspectsofhumanculturesandhowtheyinteractwitheachother.?TounderstandInterculturalCommunications,weseektounderstandtraditionandmodernization,consistencyandchange.Asweunderst

16、andsomeoftheongoingnationalcharacteristicsofapeople,wecanexaminehowthiscultureisseenfromtheoutside,howitinteractswithotherculturesandhowitischanging.Inthelastthirtyoddyears,scholarshavedevelopedboththeoreticalframeworkforcomparingculturesandsomepracticaldimensionsforconsideringthesimilarityanddiffer

17、encesbetweenthem.OnelevelofinterculturalcomparisonisCulturalIdentity.AnotherlevelofcomparisonisVerbalCommunication.AnotherareareceivingmuchattentionisNonverbalCommunication.?Paper4ReadingPassage1Questions15-2?0InrecentyearscriticismshavebeenvoicedconcerningsexistbiasintheEnglishlanguage.Ithasbeenarg

18、uedthatsomeofthevocabularyandgrammarweusereflectsandreinforcesatraditionalviewoftheworldasoneinwhichmenaredominantandwomenplayasecondaryrole.Taketheword'chairman'forexample.Whilethiscaninfactapplytopeopleofbothsexes,itappearstosomepeopletobemale-orientedasitendsin'man'.Inthepastpeopl

19、etakingtheroleofchairmanwereexclusivelymaleandthewordwasobviouslyoriginallyacompoundof'chair'and'man'.ManyEnglishspeakers,however,haveceasedtoviewthiswordasacompoundandnomorefeelittobecomposedofthesetwounits,thantheyperceivecupboardtobeacompositeof'cup'and'board'.Inad

20、ditionthecontinueduseofchairmanmightbedefendedonthegroundsthatthefinalsyllableispronounced/m'n/ratherthan/mn/,justlikethefinalsyllableofwoman.Despitesuchconsiderationsotherspeakerstakeacontraryviewandaresensitivetothecomponentsofwhichitismadeup.Theyclearlyperceiveitasatitlethatperpetuatestraditi

21、onalideasabouttheplaceofwomeninsociety.Forthisreasontheyseektoreplaceitwithneutraltermssuchas'chairperson'or'chair',sothatitisnowpossibletoaskquestionssuchas;'Whoischairofthecommittee'Otherchangesadvocatedincludethereplacementofwordssuchas'postman','fireman'an

22、d'policeman'withmoreclearlyneutraltermssuchas'postalworker',fire-fighter'and'policeofficerThereis,however,continuingcontroversyabouthowfarsuchlanguagechangesshouldgo.Shouldchangesbeconsideredfortraditionalidiomsas'maninthestreet'andtitlessuchas'PekingMan'Whata

23、boutthosewordswherethemalemeaningof'man'isnolongerdominant,suchas'manhandle'Totheextentthatchangeshavetakenplace,theyhavedonesomoreinthewrittenlanguageandformalpronouncementsthanineverydayspeech.Youwouldbequitelikelytoreadinthepaperthat'Postalworkersaretoreceiveapayincrease.'

24、But'Hasthepostmanbeen'wouldbemostlikelytobeheardininformalconversation.Here'postman'remainsfirmlyentrenchedinpopularusage.Theextenttowhichlanguagereflectsandshapesattitudesandbehaviorsisamatterofconjecture.Chinese,Japanese,PersianandTurkishdonotmakethekindsofsexdistinctionsEnglishmak

25、esthroughitssystemofpronouns,butitwouldbedifficulttomaintainthatmaleswhospeaktheselanguagesarelesssexistthanmaleswhospeakEnglish!?Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext:15. Thegeneraluseoftheword'man'addedtoEnglishwordsindicates.A.sexualfeelingsB.sexualfreedomC.sexistideasD.sexis

26、tbias.16. GenerallywherelanguageandsexareconcernedinBritain.A. allpeopleagreechangeisneededB. somepeopleagreechangeisneededC. peoplecan'tmakeuptheirmindsontheissueD. peoplethinktheissueisunimportantandnotserious17. Whatexampledoestheauthorgivetosupportadefenseoftheword'chairman'18. Whatd

27、oestheauthorargueforwhentheexample'manhandle'isgiven19. Whatdoestheauthorhavetosayabouttheimpactoflanguagechanges20. Whatistheauthor'sargumentinthefinalparagraph?Passage2Questions21-27CanComputersDoaBetterJobRatingStocksSinceMay,CharlesSchwabhasbeenprovidingstockratingstoclientsusingacom

28、puterizedsystemthatitsaystriestoremovehumanbias.Inparticular,Schwabsays,itssystemismeanttoavoidtheconflictsofinterestthathaveplaguedtraditionalbrokeragefirms,whoseresearchanalystshaveoftenactedascheerleadersforcompaniesbeingcourtedbytheirinvestmentbankers."Webelievethatoursinglebiggestadvantage

29、isourobjectivity,"saidJerryChafkin,Schwab'sexecutivevicepresidentforinvestmentadviceandproducts."Whilethedevelopmentofthemethodologyishuman,theanalysisisbeingperformedsystematicallyandautomatically.ThoughSchwabisperhapsthemostprominentfinancialservicescompanytouseacomputer-drivenrating

30、system,severalothers,includingValueLineandZacksInvestmentResearch,pickstocksinasimilarway.Thevarioussystemsproduceverydifferentratingsofindividualstocks,andtheirabilitytooutperformamarketindexfundovertimehasnotbeenprovedconclusively.Theverdictisstilloutastowhethercomputersdoitbetterthanpeople.Whatis

31、clear,though,isthatthemajorcomputerizedsystemshandoutfewerpositivestockratingsthandoWallStreetanalysts,whoseemtogivethemoutverygenerously.PeoplewhoruncomputerizedselectionsystemscriticizetraditionalWallStreetanalysisashavinginstitutionalconflictsofinterest,aswellasindividualbias."Iamverysuspici

32、ousaboutopinionsandjudgmentsandemotionsbyhumansinindividualstockselection,"saidSamuelEisenstadt,ValueLine'sresearchdirector.However,thecomputer-drivenstock-pickingsystemsmustrelyontheselectioncriteriaoftheircreators.Alltrytoisolatefactorsthattheirdevelopersbelievehavethegreatestabilitytopre

33、dictshareprices.Mostmodelscompareacompany9shistoricalearningsgrowthwiththatofothercompanies.Andmanytracktheextenttowhichearningshavesurprisedanalysts.Manyfirmsusetheircomputer-basedstock-ratingsystemsasmarketingtools.Thedesignersofthesesystemssaytheyshouldbejudgedonhowagroupofstocksperformsovertime.

34、Butallthesystemsassume,asdostockanalystsonWallStreet,thatsuperiorresearch,byhumans,andanalysiscanselectagroupofstocksthatwilloutperformthemarketaveragesoverthelongrun.MarketanalystssayitistoosoontoassessthefledglingSchwabsystemornewmodels,likeMicrosoft'syear-oldStock-Scouter?Markthefollowingstat

35、ementsTrue(T)/False(F)/NotGiven(NG)accordingtotheinformationprovidedinthetext.?WriteT,orForNGonyouranswersheetinthespacesprovidedforquestions?.21. CharlesSchwabisacomputercompany.22. ThemethodofoperationbySchwabisdoneautomatically.23. 'ValueLine'and'Zacks'havesimilaroperatingmethodst

36、oSchwab.24. Thereisnoconclusiveproofthatcomputersperformbetterthanhumans.25. WallStreetanalystsaregenerousinratingstocks.26. Humanbeingsmakevaluejudgmentsaccordingtotheresearchdirectorof'ValueLine'.27. Analystsaresurprisedatthegrowthrateofshareprices.答案及评分标准?Paper1:CommunicationAnalysis Thef

37、ollowingpointsshouldbecoveredintheanalysis. Awardonepointforeachofthepointscovered(underlined).Paper2:Vocabulary Onepointforeachitem. Answersmustbethesameasthekey.4.vocation5.footthebill6.greyareas7.kinterms8.troubleandstrife9.liveandletlive10.whitelies11.buyingaroundmunityPaper3:Translation14. “跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢这并